scholarly journals Association of resistin level with acanthosis nigricans in obese adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dini Noviarti ◽  
Eka Agustia Rini ◽  
Fadil Oenzil
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Acanthosis Nigricans ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resistin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severe Degree ◽  
Post Hoc

Background Childhood obesity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance. Clinically, insulin resistance may be manifested as acanthosis nigricans. Resistin has a biological activity that is important in glucose and lipid metabolisms and closely related to the incidence of insulin resistance.Objective To find out the association of resistin level with scale of acanthosis nigricans in adolescents obesity.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 53 obese adolescents with acanthosis nigricans in senior high schools in Padang, West Sumatera. Degree of acanthosis nigricans was assessed using scale of Burke and then plasma resistin level was performed with ELISA. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post-hoc test.Result The mean of resistin level in obese adolescents was 14.21 (SD 7.43) ng/dL. High resistin level was found in scale of acanthosis nigricans 2,3 and 4 (P=0.0001). Obese adolescents with severe degree of acanthosis nigricans has higher resistin level compared to milder acanthosis nigricans.Conclusion In obese adolescents, the higher degree of acanthosis nigricans, the higher level of plasma resistin.

scholarly journals Interleukin-6 and insulin resistance in obese adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Raynald Takumansang ◽  
Sarah M. Warouw ◽  
Hesti Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
The Mean

Background Obesity has become a rapidly growing epidemic worldwide, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Obesity is due to an expansion of adipose tissue mass, which is an important source of cytokines and contributes to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Interleukin-6 is significantly increased in obesity and may lead to a state of insulin resistance.Objective To assess for a correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance in obese adolescentsMethods We conducted a cross-sectional study from January to April 2012 in Manado, North Sulawesi. Subjects were either obese or normal body mass index (BMI) teens aged 13-18 years. Data collected were anthropometric status, BMI, and blood specimens for fasting plasma glucose levels, fasting insulin levels, and IL-6 levels. Insulin resistance was expressed as homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) level >2.77. Data was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation and linear regression tests to assess for a possible correlation between IL-6 levels and insulin resistance.Results The mean BMI in the obese group was 31.21 (SD 3.61) kg/m2 while the mean BMI in the normal group was 19.52 (SD 2.38) kg/m2. There was no significant association between IL-6 and the occurrence of insulin resistance (P=0.309). The log regression coefficient value of IL-6 was negative (b = -0.329).Conclusion There is no correlation between IL-6 levels and incidence of insulin resistance in obese adolescents.

scholarly journals The “Gender Factor” in Wearing-Off among Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Post Hoc Analysis of DEEP Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Colombo ◽  
Giovanni Abbruzzese ◽  
Angelo Antonini ◽  
Paolo Barone ◽  
Gilberto Bellia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Motor Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Wearing Off ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Post Hoc

Background. The early detection of wearing-off in Parkinson disease (DEEP) observational study demonstrated that women with Parkinson’s disease (PD) carry an increased risk (80.1%) for wearing-off (WO). This post hoc analysis of DEEP study evaluates gender differences on WO and associated phenomena.Methods. Patients on dopaminergic treatment for ≥1 year were included in this multicenter observational cross-sectional study. In a single visit, WO was diagnosed based on neurologist assessment as well as the use of the 19-item wearing-off questionnaire (WOQ-19); WO was defined for scores ≥2. Post hoc analyses were conducted to investigate gender difference for demographic and clinical features with respect to WO.Results. Of 617 patients enrolled, 236 were women and 381 were men. Prevalence of WO was higher among women, according to both neurologists’ judgment (61.9% versus 53.8%,P=0.045) and the WOQ-19 analysis (72.5% versus 64.0%,P=0.034). In patients with WO (WOQ-19), women experienced ≥1 motor symptom in 72.5% versus 64.0% in men and ≥1 nonmotor symptom in 44.5% versus 36.7%, in men.Conclusions. Our results suggest WO as more common among women, for both motor and nonmotor symptoms. Prospective studies are warranted to investigate this potential gender-effect.

Fetuin-B Links Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Chronic Kidney Disease in Obese Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhu Lin ◽  
Changqin Liu ◽  
Yongwen Liu ◽  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
Caiyu Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: There is no evidence available on the association of Fetuin-B with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and mechanisms linking nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to CKD are not fully understood. We aimed to explore the independent associations and potential mechanisms of Fetuin-B and NAFLD with CKD. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1,072 Chinese adults who underwent serum Fetuin-B test and hepatic ultrasonography scanning was conducted in Xiamen, China. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or the presence of albuminuria. Results: Subjects with CKD showed significantly higher prevalence of NAFLD (69.5 vs. 57.2%, p < 0.001) and serum Fetuin-B levels (4.32 ± 1.45 vs. 4.05 ± 1.36 µg/mL, p = 0.007) than their controls. Increased serum Fetuin-B was also significantly associated with increased levels of fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment – insulin resistance (both p values < 0.05). NAFLD and higher serum Fetuin-B were significantly associated with increased risk of CKD, and the unadjusted ORs (95% CIs) were 1.701 (1.256–2.303, p = 0.001) and 1.213 (1.053–1.399, p = 0.008, per SD increase of Fetuin-B), respectively. With adjustment for potential confounding factors, including metabolic/insulin resistance syndrome, NAFLD but not serum Fetuin-B was still significantly associated with increased risk of CKD, and the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) were 1.820 (1.327–2.496, p < 0.001) and 1.116 (0.959–1.298, p = 0.153, per SD increase of Fetuin-B), respectively. Conclusions: Fetuin-B might link NAFLD to CKD via inducing insulin resistance, and NAFLD contributes independently to the pathogenesis of CKD via multiple mechanisms besides of metabolic/insulin resistance syndrome.

Cut-off points of anthropometric markers associated with hypertension and diabetes in Peru: Demographic and Health Survey 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Akram Hernández-Vásquez ◽  
Diego Azañedo ◽  
Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández ◽  
Juan Pablo Aparco ◽  
Raul Martín Chaparro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Conicity Index ◽  
Anthropometric Markers ◽  
Youden’S Index

Abstract Objective: To determine the optimal anthropometric cut-off points for predicting the likelihood ratios of hypertension and diabetes in the Peruvian population. Design: A cross-sectional study was performed to establish cut-off values for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist:height ratio (WHtR) and Conicity index (C-index) associated with increased risk of hypertension and diabetes. Youden’s index (YIndex), area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Setting: Peruvian households. Participants: Peruvian population over the age of 18 years. Results: A total of 31 553 subjects were included, 57 % being women. Among the women, 53·06 % belonged to the 25- to 44-year-old age group [mean age: 41·66 in men and 40·02 in women]. The mean BMI, WHtR and C-index values were higher in women 27·49, 0·61, 1·30, respectively, while the mean WC value was higher in men 92·12 cm (sd ± 11·28). The best predictors of hypertension in men were the WHtR (AUC = 0·64) and the C-index (AUC = 0·64) with an optimal cut-off point of 0·57 (YIndex = 0·284) and 1·301 (YIndex = 0·284), respectively. Women showed an AUC of 0·63 and 0·61 in the WHtR and C-index, respectively, with an optimal cut-off of 0·61 (YIndex = 0·236) and 1·323 (YIndex = 0·225). The best predictor for diabetes was the C-index: with an AUC = 0·67 and an optimal cut-off of 1·337 (YIndex = 0·346) for men and an AUC = 0·66 and optimal cut-off of 1·313 (YIndex = 0·319) for women. Conclusions: Our findings show that in Peruvian adults, the WHtR and the C-index have the strongest association with hypertension in both sexes. Likewise, the C-index had the strongest association with diabetes.

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Procalcitonin as Predictors of the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Dessy Iriana ◽  
Ani Kartini ◽  
Yuyun Widaningsih ◽  
Agus Alim Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Severe Degree

The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and procalcitonin are used to indicate systemic inflammation in variousmedical disorders. Both parameters were determined in this study to predict the severity of acute pancreatitis. This studywas a cross-sectional study using a retrospective approach to patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis by using medicalrecord data from patients at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusoso Hospital, Makassar, from January 2014 to May 2019. This studycomprised 35 patients hospitalized with acute pancreatitis, with a similar proportion of males and females. This studydiscovered that the mean age in this study was 44.17±12.9 years. The most prevalent cause was Gallstones (77.1%), themost severe degree was mild (54.2%), and the highest outcome was survival (77.1%). The NLR (9.93±11.19, p=0.011)increased in proportion to severity. However, additional analysis based on classification of disease severity revealed thatonly mild-severe NLR was significant (p=0.005). Procalcitonin (8.13±11.25, p=0.001) increased along with the increaseddisease severity, and the subsequent analysis showed that the distribution of severity was similar. The NLR can predict theseverity of acute pancreatitis but is less effective than procalcitonin. This study required a more proportional subjectpopulation and consideration of other factors.

Relapse occurrence in women with multiple sclerosis during pregnancy in the new treatment era

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. e840-e846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raed Alroughani ◽  
Maryam S. Alowayesh ◽  
Samar F. Ahmed ◽  
Raed Behbehani ◽  
Jasem Al-Hashel
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Prior Use ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveTo determine the rate of relapse occurrence during pregnancy and postpartum.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study using the national multiple sclerosis (MS) registry, pregnant women with relapsing MS were identified. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), including washout periods, were collected. Timings and durations of relapses were extracted. A multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between relapses and prior use of different DMTs.ResultsCompleted data were available for 99 pregnancies (87 patients). Mean age and mean age at onset were 31.8 ± 5 and 24.4 ± 5.6 years, respectively, while the mean disease duration was 7.4 ± 4.6 years. Most pregnancies (89.9%) occurred in patients who were on DMTs in the year preceding pregnancy with a mean treatment duration of 63.4 ± 29 months. The rates of occurrence of relapses during pregnancy and postpartum were 17.2% and 13.7%, respectively. Most of the relapses occurred during the first (n = 6) and third (n = 7) trimesters. Rate of relapse was highest among patients receiving natalizumab and fingolimod before pregnancy. A longer washout period was significantly associated with relapse occurrence.ConclusionThe relapse occurrence during pregnancy is higher than the previously published rates. The use of high-efficacy therapies with long washout periods before conception was associated with an increased risk of relapses during pregnancy. Postpartum relapse occurrence was similar to that in previous reports.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Venous and Arterial Thrombosis Among 268 Heterozygous and 111 Homozygous Factor V Leiden Carriers: a Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 1536-1536
Author(s):  
Juliana Perez Botero ◽  
Wayne D. Ormsby ◽  
Aneel A Ashrani ◽  
Robert D McBane ◽  
Waldemar E Wysokinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Factor V Leiden ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Heterozygous Carriers ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: While Factor V Leiden is associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, the magnitude of that risk among homozygous carriers is uncertain. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of Mayo Clinic patients referred to the Special Coagulation Laboratory for a thrombophilia profile (n=379) over the 18-year period, 1996-2013, the prevalence of venous and arterial thrombosis was estimated for patients found to be Factor V Leiden carriers based on leukocyte genomic DNA genotyping. T tests and chi-square tests were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Results: Among homozygous (n=111) and heterozygous (n=268) carriers, the mean age at testing (50.3 and 50.5 years, respectively; p=0.9) and the proportion of females (50% and 54%, respectively; p=0.5) did not differ significantly. Of 29 asymptomatic carriers at the time of testing, 14 were homozygotes. Of the remaining 350 carriers, the mean age at first venous or arterial thrombosis (42 vs 43.8 years; p=0.5) among homozygous and heterozygous carriers, respectively, did not differ significantly. Thirty-five (33%) and 83 (31%) homozygous and heterozygous carriers, respectively, had at least one recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis (p=0.72). The prevalence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was 61% and 46% in homozygous and heterozygous carriers, respectively (p=0.008); the prevalence of pulmonary embolism was 18% and 20%, respectively (p=0.69). The prevalence of arterial thrombosis (mainly stroke and/or TIA) was higher in heterozygous (23%) compared to homozygous carriers (8%). Conclusion: In the largest sample of homozygous Factor V Leiden carriers reported to date, thrombosis penetrance and phenotype did not appear to differ among homozygous vs. heterozygous carriers with the exception of a higher prevalence of DVT among homozygous carriers. These data should be interpreted with caution due to the potential for referral bias. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment and Determination of Factors That Cause the Development of Hyperinsulinemia in School-Age Adolescents

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Igor Lukic ◽  
Nikola Savic ◽  
Maja Simic ◽  
Nevena Rankovic ◽  
Dragica Rankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment

Background and Objectives: Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are not synonymous; if the risk of developing insulin resistance in adolescents is monitored, they do not necessarily have hyperinsulinemia. It is considered a condition of pre-diabetes and represents a condition of increased risk of developing DM (diabetes mellitus); it can exist for many years without people having the appropriate symptoms. This study aims to determine the risk of developing hyperinsulinemia at an early age in adolescents by examining which factors are crucial for its occurrence. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study lasting from 2019 to 2021 (2 years) was realized at the school children’s department in the Valjevo Health Center, which included a total of 822 respondents (392 male and 430 female) children and adolescents aged 12 to 17. All respondents underwent a regular, systematic examination scheduled for school children. BMI is a criterion according to which respondents are divided into three groups. Results: After summary analyzes of OGTT test respondents and calculated values of HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance), the study showed that a large percentage of respondents, a total of 12.7%, are at risk for hyperinsulinemia. The research described in this paper aimed to use the most popular AI (artificial intelligence) model, ANN (artificial neural network), to show that 13.1% of adolescents are at risk, i.e., the risk is higher by 0.4%, which was shown by statistical tests as a significant difference. Conclusions: It is estimated that a model using three different ANN architectures, based on Taguchi’s orthogonal vector plans, gives more precise and accurate results with much less error. In addition to monitoring changes in each individual’s risk, the risk assessment of the entire monitored group is updated without having to analyze all data.

scholarly journals A community based study on age of menarche among adolescent girls in Aligarh

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farha Tarannum ◽  
Najam Khalique ◽  
Uzma Eram
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scheffe Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Age Of Menarche

Background: Age at menarche reflects the health status of a population. This marks the beginning of sexual maturation and is affected by various factors. This study measured the menarcheal age of adolescent girls in Aligarh and explored factors that could influence the onset of menarche.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study in schools under Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh was undertaken. A total of 422 girls were taken by systematic random sampling with probability proportionate to size. Data was analysed statistically by ANOVA and post hoc Scheffe test using SPSS Version 20.Results: Majority of the study population (69.9%) had attained menarche between 12-14 years. The mean age of menarche is 12.52±1.415. On analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing, the age of menarche was significantly associated with socioeconomic class (p=0.002). On applying post hoc Scheffe test there was a significant difference in the mean age of menarche between class 1 and class 5 (p=0.01).Conclusions: In this study most of the girls attained menarche between 12-14 years. Socio economic class and birth order had influenced the age of menarche. Mothers were main source of information on attainment of menarche. 

scholarly journals Acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance in overweight children and adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Evelin Nascimento Kluczynik ◽  
Larissa Soares Mariz ◽  
Larissa Camila Ferreira Souza ◽  
Gabriela Beserra Solano ◽  
Fernanda Cruz de Lira Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Acanthosis Nigricans ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽  
Severely Obese

BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested an association between the presence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) and the development of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between AN and insulin resistance (IR) in overweight children and adolescents receiving care at the Center for Childhood Obesity, Campina Grande, PB. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2009 and April 2010 including 194 individuals of 2 to 18 years of age receiving care within the Brazilian national health network. The presence of acanthosis nigricans was verified and anthropometric measurements were taken. The following tests were performed: insulin, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, glucose and homeostasis model of assessment - insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software program, version 17.0. RESULTS: There was a greater prevalence of females (66%), brown-skinned individuals (63.4%), adolescents (61.3%) and severely obese individuals (66.5%). Acanthosis nigricans was identified in 58.2% and IR in 42.7% of the participants. Acanthosis nigricans was associated with being non-white (p = 0.003), with being an adolescent (p = 0.003) and with IR (p = 0.001). Non-white individuals, adolescents and those with insulin resistance were 5.4, 2.47 and 2.66 times more likely to have acanthosis nigricans, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate a need to train healthcare professionals to identify acanthosis nigricans, since this condition is associated with IR. Identifying acanthosis nigricans in childhood permits the safe and timely treatment of cardiometabolic disorders through careful monitoring and appropriate treatment.

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