scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF THE CONTENT OF FLAVONOIDS AND POLYSACCHARIDES OF BIDENS CERNUA HERB.

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Valer'yevna Karazhan
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Polysaccharide Content ◽  
Raw Plant Materials ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Natural Drying

The aim of the research was to study the variability of the content of polysaccharides and flavonoids of Bidens cernua herb, depending on the terms of harvesting, drying conditions and place of growth on the territory of the Republic of Belarus. It was shown that the maximum polysaccharide content was observed in the phase of budding and mass flowering of the plant. Unlike polysaccharides, the content of flavonoids in the budding phase was significantly lower than in the mass flowering phase (p<0.05), which accounts for the maximum content of flavonoids, and in particular, luteolin-7-O-glucoside. The highest polysaccharide content was noted for raw plant materials undergone natural drying or at 40 and 60 °C without ventilation. An increase in the drying temperature or the use of ventilation during drying led to a significant decrease in the content of this group of biologically active substances. The content of flavonoids of Bidens cernua herb, dried at elevated temperature with ventilation, regardless of the drying temperature used, was higher than the content of this group of biologically active substances in comparison with samples of raw plant materials subjected to natural drying (p<0.05). A higher flavonoid content was also noted for Bidens cernua herb, dried without ventilation at 40 and 60 °C. The content of polysaccharides and flavonoids of Bidens cernua herb, depending on the harvesting region, varied between 35.64–90.52 mg/g and 23.11–49.86 mg/g, respectively, and was most dependent on the amount of precipitation per year region. Based on the results obtained, it is recommended to harvest Bidens cernua herb during mass flowering and to dry at 40 °C without ventilation.

scholarly journals Biologically Active Substances of Siberian Medical Plants in Functional Wgey-Based Drinks

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Светлана Иванова ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova ◽  
Ирина Милентьева ◽  
Irina Milenteva ◽  
Людмила Асякина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Rhaponticum Carthamoides ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Mineral Base

The use of infusions and extracts from domestic plant materials is a promising direction in the development of functional beverages since they contain a wide range of substances of various pharmacological properties. Drinks fortified with physiologically active natural components maintain a certain level of this content in human body. They can have a healing or prophylactic effect. However, there is a lack of technologies for the effective production of biologically active substances from plant materials. Moreover, the development of cultivated botanical medicinal plant species remains quite poor. The present study features the qualitative and quantitative composition of biologically active substances of medicinal plants that are endemics of Siberia. They are Rhodiola rosea (Rhodiola rosea L.) and maral root (Rhaponticum carthamoides). The paper introduces a method for increasing their biosynthetic activity. An experiment helped to select a composition of the nutrient medium for the cultivation of callus cultures of Rhodiola rosea (Rhodiola rosea L.) and maral root (Rhaponticum carthamoides) in vitro, which contributed to an increase in the biosynthesis of biologically active substances. For callus cultures of Rhodiola Rosea (line R.r-1k) the following composition was used: mineral base – MS; sucrose – 30 g; inositol – 100 mg; thiamine – 1.0 mg; pyridoxine – 1.0 mg; Ca-panthetonate – 10 mg; kinetin – 0.05 g; naphthyl acetic acid – 0.1 g; 2.4-D – 0.5. For callus cultures of maral root (line R.c -2k): mineral base – SH; sucrose – 30 g; inositol – 100 mg; thiamine – 5.0 mg; pyridoxine – 0.5 mg; nicotinic acid – 5.0 mg; kinetin – 0.1 g; indoleacetic acid – 1.0 g. The authors developed a technology for the production of functional whey-based tonic drink fortified with extract of carotenoids isolated from the fruits of mountain ash and the extract of biologically active substances Rhodiola rosea and maral root. The presence of biologically active substances in the plant and medicinal raw materials gives the drink antioxidant and bactericidal properties, as well as helps to raise the overall state of the organizm and strengthen the immune system.

Extraction methods for biologically active substances from plant materials (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-59
Author(s):  
Ivan A. Abashkin ◽  
Yuriy A. Eleev ◽  
Elena N. Glukhan ◽  
Eugeniy V. Kuchinsky ◽  
Vladimir V. Afanasyev
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Active Substances

scholarly journals The study of biologically active substances stability in Bur marigold herb during storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Natallia V. Karazhan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Polysaccharide Content ◽  
Initial Content ◽  
Packaging Paper ◽  
Active Substances

This work presents the results of studying the content variability of polysaccharides, flavonoids, luteolin-O-7-glucoside and luteolin in Bur marigold herb for 24 months of storage in whole and cut form in two types of packaging – paper bags and parchment bags, packed in cardboard boxes. It was found that a change in the content by 5% of the initial content of the pharmacological marker recommended by the herbal medicines committee of the European Medical Agency, in Bur marigold herb, was observed for polysaccharides when it was stored in whole form in closed paper bags after 6 months, when it was stored in cut form months in closed parchment bags packed in cardboard boxes – after 9 months; for flavonoids, these periods were respectively 6 months and 3-6 months. In Bur marigold herb stored in whole form for 24 months in closed paper bags, the content of polysaccharides is 79.80-85.58%, flavonoids – 58.24-82.05%, luteolin-O-7-glucoside – 44.54-70.60% of the initial, luteolin – 57.14-61.02% of the value determined after 12 months of storage. In Bur marigold herb stored in cut form for 24 months in closed parchment bags packed in cardboard boxes, the content of polysaccharides is 74.60-85.00%, flavonoids – 55.87-77.98%, luteolin-O-7-glucoside – 51.56-65.08% of the initial, luteolin – 44.99-54.82% of the value determined after 12 months of storage. Thus, the preservation of flavonoids (total and individual components), the type of packaging used for storage, and Bur marigold herb size have a significant effect, these factors do not affect the variability of the polysaccharide content during storage.

scholarly journals Extraction of Plant Pigments from Local Raw Materials

2019 ◽  
pp. 522-530
Author(s):  
Natalya Kostina ◽  
Tatiana Podlegaeva ◽  
Irina Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Residual Pressure ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Green Pigments ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Violation of the ecological balance and modern processing methods may result in a lower content of important nutrients in food. Therefore, there is a need to restore the balance of biologically active substances in food products. In this regard, it seems appropriate to use plant materials that contain biologically active substances, as well as pigments. The use of aromatic plants for these purposes remains understudied. The research objective was to extract chlorophyll-based green pigments based from green plants. Study objects and methods. The object of the study was dried parsley (Petroselinum vulgare). The extractants included acetone, ethyl alcohol (95%), hexane, petroleum ether, and chloroform. Results and discussion. The extractants were chosen according to the total content of chlorophylls, which determine the color of the extract. Since carotenoids are extracted along with chlorophylls, the content of this component was also determined. Acetone demonstrated the maximum degree of chlorophyll recovery. However, this solvent cannot be used in food industry. Therefore, 95% ethanol, which also showed a high degree of chlorophyll extraction, was chosen as the extractant. A set of experiments made it possible to establish the ratio of feedstock and extractant as 1:60 (three times extraction with a mass ratio of parsley and extract); the optimal time of each extraction was 0.5 ± 0.1 h. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO2) helped to preserve the dyes. In order to increase the concentration of coloring substances, the obtained extract was subjected to thickening at a residual pressure of 400 Pa at 40°C. Conclusion. The obtained concentrate from dried parsley can be used in production of combined foods.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE YIELD OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM SORBUS AUCUPARIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Sokolova ◽  
Tat'yana Vladimirovna Yuraskina ◽  
Yuliya Aleksandrovna Borshcheva ◽  
Natal'ya Aleksandrovna Fursova ◽  
Anton Yur'yevich Sharikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biologically Active Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Sorbus Aucuparia ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances

Currently, the diet of almost all population groups in Russia is characterized by a deficiency of vitamins, essential amino acids, macro- and micronutrients, as well as biologically active substances (flavonoids, carotenoids, etc.). Replenishment of the lack of these components in the diet of the population due to natural sources of plant origin is an important and actual task of national health care. The rational use of natural components of plant materials containing a wide range of natural biologically active substances using biocatalytic methods, as well as the selection of optimal conditions for obtaining commodity forms of ingredients, will allow to create preventive products that have a beneficial effect on the human body. Theoretical research in the field of promising sources of food and biologically active ingredients among wild species of plant materials were carried out. Biomedical properties of Sorbus aucuparia were described. The technological characteristics of the biologically active substances extraction from dried plant raw materials was investigated. Thus, it was revealed that the degree of dried berries grinding about 0.2–0.8 mm, the hydromodule 1 : 10 and the extraction duration 240 minutes are most effective for the extractive substances yield. The enzymatic complex, allowing the maximum to release biologically valuable components to extract was selected. The amino acid composition of rowanberry with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography was investigated. Produced fermentalizates contain complex of biologically active compounds, including amino acids, vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic substances, that makes these ingredients promising for creation of various foodstuffs to improve quality, nutritional and biological value, taste and other consumer properties.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF TECHNOGENIC POLLUTION ON THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN MEDICINAL PLANTS

ÈKOBIOTEH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-530
Author(s):  
N.A. Vinogradova ◽  
◽  
A.Z. Glukhov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Technogenic Pollution ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
Cotinus Coggygria ◽  
Active Substances

The article presents the results of determining the content of flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins and ascorbic acid in the leaves of Cotinus coggygria Scop, growing under conditions of varying degrees of technogenic pollution. The conformity of the leaves of C. coggygria, collected in the Donetsk region, to the requirements of regulatory documentation for the content of active substances was evaluated. The content of cadmium and lead in the plant materials was determined; its environmental safety was evaluated.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF EXTRACTS OF THE PLANTS AND THE CALLUS BIOMASS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roksolana Konechna ◽  
Оksana Khropot ◽  
Romana Petrina ◽  
Maria Kurka ◽  
Zoriana Gubriy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Biomass Extract ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Active Substances

Objective: This study was undertaken to research of antioxidant properties of extracts of the plants and the callus biomass.Methods: The implementation of the method of cultivating the cells, tissues, and organisms in vitro for the reception of biological material of Carlina аcaulis L. (Asteraceae) is a timely issue for the medical and pharmaceutic industry, as the domestication in vitro creates the opportunity for the year-round production of the plant material as the source of biologically active substances. The seeds and plant materials (roots) of C. acaulis L. collected from natural habitat - meadows mountains Klyva Tarnychkovain Ukraine in the Carpathians. The influence of phytohormones on growth processes of plant cells is researched; the optimal conditions for the cultivation of C. acaulis L. are defined and chosen. Biomass extract is obtained and researched for the presence of biologically active substances and conducted definition of oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) of extracts of medical herbs and callus biomass of C. acaulis L.Results: C. аcaulis L. was cultivated in vitro. There was set up a scheme of sterilization of seeds with the biggest outcome of aseptic explants. There took place the investigation of the qualitative content of the extracts of callus biomass of C. acaulis L. and the detection of flavonoids and tannins. Conducted definition of ORAC of extracts of medical herbs and callus biomass of C. acaulis L. Conclusion: The obtained data showed that the investigated extracts of callus biomass and biomass of the medical herb C. acaulis L. having antioxidant activity, which makes it possible to continue research in this direction.

scholarly journals Extraction of Biologically Active Substances from Matricaria Chamomilla Flowers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.Ю. Постраш ◽  
Ю.Г. Соболева ◽  
В.С. Андрущенко
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Важнейшим природным источником лекарственных средств являются лекарственные растения (ЛР), которые содержат разнообразные биологически активные вещества (БАВ). Основными методами извлечения БАВ из ЛР являются методы экстракции, которые приводят к накоплению необходимых биологически важных компонентов в подходящем растворителе (экстрагенте). В зависимости от природы экстрагента, его количества, времени экстракции, температуры и других факторов из одного и того же сырья могут быть получены композиции БАВ с разным химическим составом. Изучено влияние природы экстрагента на степень извлечения гидрофильных и липофильных БАВ из лекарственного растительного сырья на примере цветков ромашки аптечной. В качестве экстрагентов использовалась вода очищенная, растворы этанола различной концентрации, двухфазные системы экстрагентов (смеси растительного масла и водных растворов этанола различных концентраций). В качестве маркеров гидрофильных веществ выступали флавоноиды, в качестве маркеров липофильных соединений – хлорофилл. Установлено, что одним из способов оптимизации процесса экстракции БАВ из цветков ромашки аптечной является применение двухфазной системы экстрагентов, состоящей из подсолнечного масла и 70% этанола, взятых в равных объёмах, которое позволяет осуществить одновременную экстракцию как липофильных, так и гидрофильных компонентов в максимальной концентрации. The most important natural source of medicines is medicinal plants (MP) which contain various biologically active substances (BAS). The main methods for extracting BAS from MP are extraction methods which lead to the accumulation of the necessary biologically important components in a suitable solvent (extraction fluid). Depending on the nature of the extraction fluid, its amount, extraction time, temperature and other factors BAS compositions with different chemical compositions can be obtained from the same raw material. The influence of the nature of the extraction fluid on the recovery rate of hydrophil and lipophilic biologically active substances from medicinal plant materials was studied as exemplified by Matricaria Chamomilla flowers. Purified water, ethanol solutions of various concentrations and two-phase extraction fluid systems (mixtures of vegetable oil and proof spirit of various concentrations) were used as extraction fluids. Flavonoids acted as markers of hydrophil substances, chlorophyll acted as markers of lipophilic compounds. It was found that one of the ways to optimize the extraction process of biologically active substances from Matricaria Chamomilla flowers is the use of a two-phase extraction fluids system consisting of sunflower oil and 70% ethanol taken in equal volumes which achieves simultaneous extraction of both lipophilic and hydrophil components in the maximum concentration.

scholarly journals Modern research on the extraction of biologically active substances from plant raw materials using enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
A. A. Fabritskaya ◽  
S. O. Semenikhin ◽  
V. O. Gorodetsky ◽  
N. I. Kotlyarevskaya ◽  
E. P. Victorova
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Treat Ment ◽  
Active Substances

The article overviews modern studies of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes. Extraction of biologically active substances using enzymes allows for controlled biotransformation of plant materials due to the precise specificity and selectivity of enzymes, which creates mild conditions that ensure the preservation of biologically active substances. It has been noted that the quality of the extractant used has a significant effect on the efficiency of the extraction process. Thus, raw materials treated with a combination of an electrolyte and an enzyme are extracted more efficiently by reducing the mass transfer barrier. The main advantage of using supercritical fluids as an extractant is a decrease in temperature or pressure that leads to the precipitation of the extractable substance. One of the main disadvantages of the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes is their high cost. To eliminate this disadvantage, the following intensification methods are used: ultrasonic treatment, high pressure treatment and microwave treat- ment. The most promising methods for intensifying the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes are methods of ultrasonic and microwave treatment. Ultrasonic treatment under optimal conditions allows increasing the activity of enzymes, and microwave treatment provides more efficient penetration of the extractant into the tissues of plant material, due to the destruction of cell walls.

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