scholarly journals Perineal Hygienic Practices in Patients of Himalayan Foothills - A Descriptive Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (41) ◽  
pp. 3562-3565
Author(s):  
Shashi Prateek ◽  
Ankita Yadav ◽  
Latika Chawla ◽  
Deepti Chaudhary ◽  
Neetu Kochhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Himalayan Foothills ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Genital Hygiene ◽  
Female Genital

BACKGROUND It has been said that health is wealth and when it comes to reproductive health of a women it has a significant value indeed. There is lot of loops and holes in perineal hygiene practices due to incomplete knowledge and various myth that is transferred from generation to generation in a family. The aim of the study was to study the perineal hygiene practices in women of Himalayan foothills. METHODS This is an observational study performed between March 2019 to February 2020 at AIIMS Rishikesh. Data was extracted from OPD records of patients which included details on perineal hygiene, routinely asked in one of the three units in department of obstetrics and gynaecology at AIIMS Rishikesh. RESULTS Total of 2400 women participated in the study. The mean age of subjects was 32± 6.9(Range 12 - 80 years). Maximum patients were married (92 %), mostly Hindus (48 %) belonging to upper lower class (37.5 %) according to modified Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale. In this study we studied the routine perineal cleaning practices, Attention is being drawn to the fact that only 15 % of the subjects cleaned the genital area with water after urination, 5 % while changing pads during menstruation, only 1.5 % washed the genitalia immediately after sexual intercourse In present study the commonest method removal of perineal hair was shaving (38.4 %). While analysing menstrual hygiene, in present study, 42.5 % of study population was using sanitary pads from market and 35 % used homemade cloth pads. Ninety eight point seven percent of women avoided sexual intercourse during menstruation in present study. CONCLUSIONS Female genital hygiene is a vital topic. Awareness should be increased regarding maintenance of hygienic practices through health education programmes. More studies need to be performed in order to provide directions for proper female genital hygiene, as well as guidelines. KEY WORDS Perineal Hygiene, Pubic Hair Grooming, Menstrual Hygiene, Perineal Itching, Perineal Rashes, Long Mirror for Self Examination.

Menstrual Hygiene Practices of Adolescent Girls in Rural Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Sumit Aggarwal ◽  
Deepti Ambalkar ◽  
Jayaprakasam Madhumathi ◽  
Vijay Badge ◽  
Arun Humne
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Sanitary Products ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
The Right

Menstrual practices of adolescent girls in rural parts of India are greatly influenced by taboos and socio-cultural beliefs. In this study, the menstrual hygiene practices and beliefs of 122 adolescent girls between the ages of 13 and 19 years from rural Maharashtra were evaluated by personal interview and questionnaires. None of the girls had the right scientific knowledge about menstruation and were isolated during menstruation. They used cloth or home-made sanitary pads and were at risk of infections. There is a dire need for knowledge dissemination among school children and their families, increased awareness of menstrual hygiene and access to the requisite sanitary products in rural areas.

Management of menstrual hygiene, practices and perceptions among vulnerable Bharia women in Madhya Pradesh: A pilot survey

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-175
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar ◽  
Poonam Vaiyam ◽  
Ravikanta Singh Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Pilot Survey ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Education Campaign ◽  
Hygiene Practices

India has the highest proportion of adolescents and the highest adolescent pregnancy and childbirth rate in the tribal segment of the population. Very few studies have focused on the use of sanitary pad and quality of health care as menstrual hygiene practices. The data was collected among ‘Bharia’ women who identified as one of the particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs) in Madhya Pradesh. Towards comparing the use, source, and components of menstrual hygiene practices among adolescents and adult mothers, the sample included adolescent (10-19 years) and adult women 20-49 years of age. The relevant information was collected by trained female investigator with designed questionnaire from the respondents. Findings revealed that only 22.7% women are using sanitary pad during menstruation period in the studied tribe. It was seen the use of this absorbent (sanitary pad) for menstrual hygiene among the adolescents were found significantly higher (37.5%) than that of adult women (14.3%), whereas, the use of old cotton was found significantly higher (78.6%) among adult women. Awareness on menstrual hygiene about 50% adolescents and 64% adult women believed it is a curse of God. About 25% adolescents and 21.4% adult women believed menstruation is a natural process. The tribe has underprivileged menstrual hygiene practices owing to low awareness, illiteracy, and poverty. The special IEC education campaign with suitable strategy can be forced to optimum hygiene practices.

Comparing adolescent self staging of pubertal development with hormone biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana-Hawa Yayah Jones ◽  
Jane C. Khoury ◽  
Yingying Xu ◽  
Nicholas Newman ◽  
Heidi J. Kalkwarf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Environment Study ◽  
Hair Development ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Self Examination

Abstract Objectives Physical examinations to characterize pubertal maturation may be unacceptable for children enrolled in research studies. Studies confirm the utility of pubertal self staging for research, but there has been limited comparison of self examination with hormone biomarkers. Our objective was to assess concordance of pubertal self staging with hormone biomarkers of puberty. Methods Participants were enrolled in the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, a longitudinal pregnancy and birth cohort study. At age 12 years, 139 females and 112 males completed pubertal self staging including breast and pubic hair development in females and pubic hair development in males. No clinical physical examination was performed. Hormone concentrations were measured in 102 females and 96 males including serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone in all; estradiol in females; and testosterone in males. Results Estradiol was significantly associated with female breast stage, even when adjusted for BMI, with geometric least squares means (95%CI) of 13.2 (8.7, 20.2), 38.3 (29.9, 49.1), 59.4 (39.8, 88.6), and 81.2 (45.6, 144) pg/mL for breast stage 1–2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Testosterone was significantly associated with male pubic hair stage, with adjusted geometric least squares means (95%CI) of 37.6 (19.9, 71.1), 43.4 (27.7, 68.3), 126 (78.4, 203), 275 (146, 521), and 559 (237, 1319) ng/dL for pubic hair stage 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Conclusions Self assessed pubertal development was positively associated with hormonal biomarkers of puberty.

scholarly journals Menstrual Hygiene Practices among Adolescent Girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 364-366
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Cycle Plays

The menstruation cycle plays a major role in every women’s life, with this periodic cycle she undergoes a lot of stress and strains due to her mental and physiological balancing issues, because of the hormone changes. By the time of menstruation, she seeks some comfort with her, for this the sanitary napkins ran a greater part by avoiding the leakages of blood contaminant in her cloths. Some of the pads having wings or flaps that fold over the sides of underwear to protect against from leaks and stains. Also in some rural areas the women’s not much aware of maintaining the menstruation hygiene, they are using some rectangular fabric and can be washed then reused. In the hygiene part of menstruation women are unaware of determining the whole imbalance activities of maintaining cleanliness.

scholarly journals Water, sanitation and hygiene practices in early childhood development (ECD) centres in low socio-economic areas in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Melariri ◽  
Liana Steenkamp ◽  
Margaret Williams ◽  
Chwayita Mtembu ◽  
Jessica Ronaasen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Nelson Mandela ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are vital indicators to healthy living and safe environments for child development. The aim of the study was to determine WASH status and practices in ECD centres located in low socio-economic areas of Nelson Mandela Bay during 2017. This cross-sectional study elicited responses from 46 ECD centres which had a total of 3,254 children and 172 caregivers. A structured questionnaire and visual observation were used. Using core WASH in schools' indicators (WinS) showed that despite improved water sources being available in 91% of the facilities, WinS for hygiene was poor. The study observed that 57% of the respondents had improved toilets accommodating both genders. In 29% of ECD centres, 6–10 children make use of a ‘pottie’ while in 9% of the cases, more than 20 children make use of one ‘pottie’. The use of the bucket system was noted in 22% of the ECD centres. In 79% of the ECD centres, children wash their hands in a communal plastic bowl. Only 11% of the study population washed hands hygienically under a running tap or tippy tap. WASH conditions in the ECD centres in the study area require urgent attention and further investigation for practical solutions. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

scholarly journals Genitourinary Problems of Female Orphan Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Saleha Jahan ◽  
Rowshan Ara ◽  
Irin Hossain ◽  
Ummul Khair Alam ◽  
Arifa Islam
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Body Ache ◽  
Urinary Problems

Introduction: Genitourinary problems are major health problems affecting millions of people each year, especially among female adolescents. This problem often associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Objective: The study aimed to find out genitourinary problems of female orphan adolescents. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted from January to December 2017, among 308 female orphan adolescents, which was selected purposively. Data were collected by face to face interviewing by using pretesting questionnaire and checklist which covers demographic characteristics, genital and urinary problems along with menstrual hygiene practices. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 version. Results: The study found that mean± SD age of the respondent 11.89 ± .749 years, 62% has menstrual problems followed by 37.6% has painful menstruation, 17.4% has irregular menstrual cycle, 13.1% has headache/vertigo, 11.4% had generalized body ache/leg cramps, 7.4% has polymenorrhea , 4.8% has menorrhagia, 2.8% has oligomenorrhea and 23% has foul smelling vaginal discharge. There is an association between age group of the respondents and their pattern of menstrual cycle (p=0.005), association between foul smelling vaginal discharge and itching of the respondents (p=0.000), association between menstrual hygiene and ways of drying of used cloth, multivariate analysis shows the association between menstrual hygiene and perennial cleaning (p= 0.797), taking bath (p=0.000) and ways of drying of used cloth (0.029) during menstruation. And 40.9% has urinary problems followed by 33.6% has painful micturition, 28.3% has burning sensation during micturition and 4.1% has incomplete voiding of urine. Conclusion: The study concluded that significant number of respondents suffer from one or more genitourinary problems. Educational level does not comply the knowledge of these adolescents regarding menarche. Many of them are still used to use old cloth during menstruation. Study recommended the prevention of genitourinary problems by improving knowledge of genitourinary tract physiology, reasons, complication, drinking plenty of water, emptying bladder completely as soon as feel the urge and maintain proper perennial hygiene with changing absorbent frequently during menstruation. JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 9-14

scholarly journals Genital hygiene behaviors and practices: A cross-sectional descriptive study among antenatal care attendees

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Martial Nkamedjie Pete ◽  
Rodrigue Mabvouna Biguioh ◽  
André Gael Bita Izacar ◽  
Sali Ben Béchir Adogaye ◽  
Cecile Nguemo
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaginal Douching ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Genital Hygiene ◽  
Antiseptic Solutions

The female genital tracts harbor a wide variety of microorganisms’ knowns as microflora mostly constituted by lactobacilli, involved in the healthy state of the vagina without causing infection. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are frequent in pregnant women due to physiological and anatomical changes that occur during pregnancy. These infections can result to disabilities or serious health problems both for the mother and the new-born. Vaginal douching has been reported among risky practices associate with UTIs. However, this remains debatable and contradictory when other studies report the benefit effects of vaginal cleaning in infection prevention. The aim of this study was to assess pregnant women behaviors and practices regarding genital hygiene. This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted on exhaustive sample of pregnant women coming for antenatal visits in Lafé Sub-divisional Hospital (SDH) and Baleng Catholic Health Center (BCHC) between 16 and 30 September 2013. Data were collected using a paper based standardized questionnaire directly self-administered after obtain a free consent. Overall, 80 pregnant women were enrolled. The majority of them had attended at least primary education (97.5%; n=78/80) and many were lived in couple (81.25%; n=65/80). Almost one on three participants identified antenatal consultation (ANC) as a key element to be taken into account by pregnant women. 70.1% (n=56/80) of women declared wearing undergarments in cotton. Regarding the daily vaginal douching behaviors, the majority (76.3%; n=61/80) of participants used the recommended gynecological measure, while the remaining use self-prescribed measures. Both genital parts (vulva area and vagina) were cleaned and use of water was mostly cited (63.8%; n=51/80). Almost one participant on four (n=29/80) use antiseptic solutions for genital cleaning. Antiseptic solutions were associated with water in 34.5% of cases (n=10/29), and in 65.5% (n=19/29) of cases it was used only for the vagina. Our findings suggest that knowledge and genital hygiene cleaning practices are acceptable among our study population. Risky practices such as use of antiseptic solutions and synthetic underwear’s were reported. Skills of health care providers on good hygiene practices for pregnant should be improved and community-based communication strategies need to be implemented to reach all women of child bearing age.

A study on the relationship of sociocultural characteristics, menstrual hygiene practices and gynaecological problems among adolescent girls in Eastern India

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailendra Kumar Mishra ◽  
Doyel Dasgupta ◽  
Subha Ray
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Urban Girls ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective: The present study aims to understand the relationship of socioeconomic characteristics, menstrual hygiene practices and gynaecological problems among adolescent girls residing in rural and urban areas in the state of West Bengal, India. Methods: The study was based on a sample of 715 adolescent girls from rural (325) and urban (390) areas of West Bengal, a state in Eastern India. These girls belong to the Bengali-speaking Hindu community. Data on socioeconomic characteristics, menstrual hygiene practices (such as type of absorbents used and mode of cleaning of genitals during days of menstrual discharge) and gynaecological problems were collected using pretested questionnaires. Results: Rural and urban girls differ (p<0.01) for age at menarche, menstrual hygiene practices and prevalence of gynaecological problems. Urban girls have better menstrual hygiene practices (β=0.343, p<0.01) than rural girls. A similar trend is noted for gynaecological problems (β=0.080, p<0.01) among the study participants. Apart from socioeconomic characteristics, menstrual hygiene (β=–0.121, p<0.01) remains a significant predictor of gynaecological problems. The results of path analysis also indicate that girls of higher socioeconomic status have better menstrual hygiene practices which subsequently reduce the prevalence of gynaecological problems among them. Conclusion: A concerted effort from parents, educational institutions and existing healthcare institutions along with media may ensure safe and secure reproductive health prospects for adolescents in the region.

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