scholarly journals Infection by Xanthomonas campestris pv.viticola under temperature increase and carbon dioxide concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Jaime Luiz Albuquerque Conceição ◽  
FRANCISLENE ANGELOTTI ◽  
Ana Rosa Peixoto ◽  
Raquel Ghini
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Bacterial Canker ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
The Impact

The experiments were carried out under controlled conditions to evaluate the impact of increased temperature and concentration of carbon dioxide on infection of Xanthomonas campestris pv viticola, the causal agent of bacterial canker in Vine seedlings. It proceeded the evaluation of the following epidemiological components: incubation period (PI), severity (SEV) and using that data were calculated the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). It used grape seedlings (Italia, Crimson Seedless, Sugraone and Selection 8) inoculated with bacterial suspension (108 CFU mL-1). The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial arrangement 4x4 (cultivar x temperature) and 4x2 (cultivar x carbon dioxide concentration) which was carried out twice. The data were subjected to variance analysis. Increasing temperature reduced bacterium’s incubation period with significant differences between genotypes. For Selection 8 and Crimson temperature increase caused enhancement on severity and AUDPC. For Seleção 8 the incubation period (PI) was extended from 7.93 to 30.18 days when the concentration changed from 390 to 770 µmol/mol. The increased CO2 concentration reduced AACPSD and SEV for Sugraone and Selection 8. The results show that the temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration of the air may have different effects on bacterial canker of grapevine.

scholarly journals Method for Estimation of CO2 Gains from Persons in Builidings

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rodero ◽  
Dorota Anna Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sources Of Co2

Carbon dioxide concentration is an important parameter to know Indoor Air Quality of a building. One of the most important sources of CO2 in poor ventilated building is human activity. This work presents a method for experimental determination of human CO2 generation rate based on measuring of time evolution of indoor CO2 concentration. The method is applied to 5 rooms of an educational building from Bialystok (Poland). Similar carbon dioxide gains were obtained in all rooms, around 0.0046 L/s, which correspond to theoretical CO2 generation rates of a sedentary activity for persons, males and females, between 21–30 years old, characteristics of occupants of analyzed rooms.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING THE HISTORICAL CORRELATION BETWEEN ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION AND GLOBAL TEMPERATURE CHANGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Kneev Sharma ◽  
Dimitre Karamanev
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Global Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

Understanding the fundamental relationship between atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and temperature rise is essential for tackling the problem of climate change that faces us today. Misconceptions regarding the relationship are widespread due to media and political influences. This investigation aims to address the popular misconception that CO2 concentration directly and naturally leads to global temperature rise. While anthropogenic CO2 emissions seem to affect the rising global atmospheric temperature with a confidence of 95%, it falters when the historical relationship using ice core data is studied. This investigation uses two statistical approaches to determine an accurate range and direction for this important relationship. Through a combined approach, it was found that historically CO2 concentration in the last 650 000 years lags global temperature rise by 1020-1080 years with a maximum correlation coefficient of 0.8371-0.8372. This result is important for the investigation of climate change.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic Responses of Swiss Chard, Kale, and Spinach Cultivars to Irradiance and Carbon Dioxide Concentration

HortScience ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Erwin ◽  
Esther Gesick
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Photosynthetic Responses ◽  
The Impact

The impact of irradiance (0–1200 μmol·m−2·s−1) and carbon dioxide concentration (CO2; 50–1200 ppm) on kale (Brassica oleracea and B. napus pabularia; three cultivars), Swiss chard (chard, Beta vulgaris; four cultivars), and spinach (Spinacea oleracea; three cultivars) photosynthetic rate (Pn; per area basis) was determined to facilitate maximizing yield in controlled environment production. Spinach, chard, and kale maximum Pn were 23.8, 20.3, and 18.2 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1 fixed, respectively, across varieties (400 ppm CO2). Spinach and kale had the highest and lowest light compensation points [LCPs (73 and 13 μmol·m−2·s−1, respectively)] across varieties. The light saturation points (LSPs) for chard and kale were similar at 884–978 μmol·m−2·s−1, but for spinach, the LSP was higher at 1238 μmol·m−2·s−1. Dark respiration was lowest on kale and highest on spinach (−0.83 and −5.00 μmol CO2·m−2·s−1, respectively). The spinach CO2 compensation point (CCP) was lower (56 ppm) than the chard or kale CCP (64–65 ppm). Among varieties, ‘Red Russian’ kale Pn saturated at the lowest CO2 concentration (858 ppm), and ‘Bright Lights’ chard saturated at the highest (1266 ppm; 300 μmol·m−2·s−1). Spinach Pn was more responsive to increasing irradiance than to CO2. Kale Pn was more responsive to increasing CO2 than to irradiance, and chard Pn was equally responsive to increasing CO2 or irradiance. Implications and limitations of this work when “upscaling” to whole-plant responses are discussed.

Influence of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Microalgal Growth in a Bubble Column Photobioreactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 599 ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Wen Li ◽  
Sheng Jun Luo ◽  
Rong Bo Guo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Co2 Sequestration ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Bubble Column Photobioreactor

The CO2 sequestration by microalgae is thought to be one of the most sustainable strategies to relieve global warming. To produce 1 ton of microalgal dry biomass, 2 ton of CO2 is required. However, insufficient supply of CO2 will limit microalgal growth, and excessive CO2 both means wasting and inhibits microalgal growth. In the present study, the dissolved CO2 concentration in culture limiting and inhibiting microalgal growth (Chlorella vulgaris) in a bubble column photobioreactor was studied. The experimental results showed that the dissolved CO2 concentration ranging from 107μmol/L to 1500 μmol/L could meet microalgal growth’s need, which provides the guidance for microalgal CO2 biofixation with high efficiency.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Cabin Carbon Dioxide Concentration in Light Passenger Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Daluwathu Mulla Gamage Preethichandra ◽  
Lasitha Piyathilaka ◽  
Umar Izhar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Running ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds

This paper discusses the initial experimental results of monitoring carbon dioxide (CO2) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) inside automobiles with different cabin sizes and with different numbers of occupants. The initial study shows that the CO2 and TVOC concentrations are inversely proportional to cabin volume and proportional to passenger numbers and time when the metabolic activities were maintained at the same level. This study was aimed at short distance travel on normal roads, and further studies are to be carried out for long distance running on highways to make sound decisions on automatic air inflow control to maintain the in-cabin air within permissible levels of CO2. The study shows that a CO2 concentration of 1500 ppm is reached by all three light passenger vehicle types used within 20 minutes with a single person and reached a CO2 level of nearly 3000 ppm within the same time with two passengers in the cabin.

scholarly journals The Impact of Carbon Dioxide Concentration on the Human Health - Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kapalo ◽  
F. Domniţa ◽  
C. Bacoţiu ◽  
Nadija Spodyniuk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Human Respiration ◽  
Office Rooms ◽  
The Impact

Abstract From various other studies, it is known that the maximum carbon dioxide concentration in different countries is between 1,000 ppm up to 1,500 ppm. Therefore, the research is focused on indoor environment, namely the production of pollutants from the persons inside office rooms. The article presents the trend of the carbon dioxide concentration from the occupants inside an office. It is examined the carbon dioxide production separately for men and women, for persons of different mass and for persons of different ages. It is also analyzed the carbon dioxide production during a sedentary and physical activities. In parallel with the production of carbon dioxide is presented the monitoring of the human pulse and blood pressure. All these parameters are monitored together with relative humidity and indoor air temperature. The aims of this paper is to describe the partial results of human respiration impact on indoor air quality in closed spaces and to research the connection between carbon dioxide concentration and human health.

scholarly journals Does elevated CO2 affect the biological aspects of Liriomyza sativae in melon plants?

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 2151-2162
Author(s):  
Jéssica de Oliveira Santos ◽  
◽  
Francislene Angelotti ◽  
Tiago Cardoso da Costa-Lima ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Liriomyza Sativae ◽  
Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
The Impact

An increase in the carbon dioxide concentration (CO2) in the atmosphere has occurred in recent years, influencing the different biological aspects of herbivorous insects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of CO2 increase on the biological aspects of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard leafminer in melon plants. For this, two experiments were carried out: (i) to evaluate the effect of melon plants grown in CO2-enriched environments on the immature developmental stages of L. sativae and L. sativae adult longevity, and (ii) to verify the impact of increased CO2 concentration on L. sativae adult survival, feeding punctures, and oviposition. The experiments were carried out in growth chambers maintained in the temperature regime of 20-26-33 °C (simulating the minimum, average, and maximum daily temperature) and under two CO2 concentrations (400 ppm and 770 ppm). The immature stages and the egg-adult period of L. sativae were longer when they developed on plants grown in high CO2 levels (770 ppm), but no difference in adult longevity was observed. The viability of the immature phases was not different between the two CO2 concentrations. Furthermore, there was no difference in the number of eggs and feeding punctures between treatments. Thus, the increase in CO2 concentration prolongs the duration of the immature stages of L. sativae; however, it does not affect their viability. Adult survival, fertility, and feeding punctures were also unmodified by the environment enriched with CO2.

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Carbon Dioxide Concentration on Growth and Glucosinolate Content of Kale Grown in a Plant Factory

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1524
Author(s):  
Milon Chowdhury ◽  
Shafik Kiraga ◽  
Md Nafiul Islam ◽  
Mohammod Ali ◽  
Md Nasim Reza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The growth of plants and their glucosinolate content largely depend on the cultivation environment; however, there are limited reports on the optimization of ambient environmental factors for kale grown in plant factories. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, relative humidity, and the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration on kale growth and glucosinolate content in different growth stages of cultivation in a plant factory. Kale was grown under different temperatures (14, 17, 20, 23, and 26 °C), relative humidities (45, 55, 65, 75, and 85%), and CO2 concentrations (400, 700, 1000, 1300, and 1600 ppm) in a plant factory. Two and four weeks after transplantation, leaf samples were collected to evaluate the physical growth and glucosinolate contents. The statistical significance of the treatment effects was determined by two-way analysis of variance, and Duncan’s multiple range test was used to compare the means. A correlation matrix was constructed to show possible linear trends among the dependent variables. The observed optimal temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 range for growth (20–23 °C, 85%, and 700–1000 ppm) and total glucosinolate content (14–17 °C, 55–75%, and 1300–1600 ppm) were different. Furthermore, the glucosinolate content in kale decreased with the increase of temperature and relative humidity levels, and increased with the increase of CO2 concentration. Most of the physical growth variables showed strong positive correlations with each other but negative correlations with glucosinolate components. The findings of this study could be used by growers to maintain optimum environmental conditions for the better growth and production of glucosinolate-rich kale leaves in protected cultivation facilities.

scholarly journals A study of hydrogen fuel impact on compression ignition engine performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 03001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeni Dimitrov ◽  
Boyko Gigov ◽  
Spas Pantchev ◽  
Philip Michaylov ◽  
Mihail Peychev
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, a dual-fuel compression ignition engine test bench is presented. In hydrogen-diesel fuel co-combustion conditions, the engine parameters are determined – performance: effective torque, effective power and mean effective pressure; fuel economy: fuel consumption and specific fuel consumption; toxicity: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and smoke emissions (opacity). The impact of hydrogen-diesel fuel mass ratio on the performance, toxicity and economy of the engine is studied by obtaining a series of hydrogen-diesel fuel ratio variation characteristics at constant engine speed and load. Improvement of the economical parameters of the engine and reduction of carbon dioxide concentration in exhaust gases is detected under operation with hydrogen gas fuel. Significant reduction of the exhaust gases opacity is observed. It is not clear what the impact of the quantity of hydrogen, injected in the engine, on the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases is.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document