scholarly journals Performance of crispy lettuce cultivars in different soil covers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-520
Author(s):  
Pablo Forlan Vargas ◽  
Amanda Chiarion Zecchini ◽  
Renato Silva Soares ◽  
Leonardo Dos Santos Duarte ◽  
Edgard Henrique Costa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Soil Covers ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Crop Management Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

The lettuce cropping is an important segment of the national agriculture, with strong economic expression. However, climatic factors such as high temperature and humidity can affect this vegetable cultivation. These environmental conditions are common in various Brazilian regions, so the growers should adopt crop management systems, as soil covers, to minimize the environmental effect and obtain higher returns. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different soil covers on the agronomic performance of crispy lettuce cultivars. The study was conducted at UNESP, Registro Campus, Brazil, from August to October, 2013. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design, arranged in a 4x4 factorial, with three repetitions. The treatments consisted of the factors soil covers (black mulching, silver mulching, white mulching and control) and cultivars (Inaiá, Milena, Vanda and Vera). The experimental unit consisted of fifteen plants, with the useful area composed of nine central plants. At harvest, the following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, head diameter, fresh mass, number of leaves, leaf width, leaf height, stem diameter, heart diameter, heart height, dry mass, yield and nitrate content. Among the studied covers, white mulching showed the best results for the main productive characteristics and can be used as soil cover in the cultivation of Vera, Vanda and Inaiá culivars.

Avaliação da Aplicação Foliar de Biofertilizante em Quatro Cultivares de Soja

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Aline Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Bianca Obes Corrêa ◽  
Fábio De Freitas Pires ◽  
Silvia Rahe Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Mass Number ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
And Control ◽  
Production Characteristics

Este estudo avaliou a influência da aplicação foliar de diferentes concentrações do Fert Bokashi® no desenvolvimento de plantas de quatro cultivares de soja. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação durante 75 dias, utilizando-se vasos de cinco litros distribuídos em quatro blocos, para testar diferentes concentrações do biofertilizante (10% ativado; 5; 2,5; 1% e testemunha). Foram realizadas duas aplicações foliares do produto, nos estágios V3 e V6. As variáveis analisadas foram comprimento, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e radicular da planta; número de folhas; número e massa de nódulos; número e massa fresca e seca de vagens. O efeito da aplicação do biofertilizante variou entre as diferentes cultivares avaliadas, sendo que a cultivar BR5 284 não foi afetada pelo uso do biofertilizante. As demais cultivares (SYN 9070 RR, AS 3730 IPRO e M6410 IPRO) foram afetadas, negativamente, em uma ou mais características de crescimento e/ou de produção, quando submetidas à aplicação a 10%. A aplicação na dose de 1% favoreceu somente a cultivar M6410 IPRO em termos de crescimento radicular e massa fresca de nódulos. Palavras-chave: Bioestimulante. Fert Bokashi®. Glycine max. AbstractThis study evaluated the influence of foliar application of different concentrations of Fert Bokashi ® on the plants development of four soybean cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse for 75 days, using five-liter pots distributed in four blocks to test different concentrations of the biofertilizer (10% activated, 5, 2.5, 1% and control). Two foliar applications of the product were carried out in stages V3 and V6. The analyzed variables were shoot and root length, fresh and dry mass; number of leaves; number and mass of nodules; pods number and fresh and dry mass. The effect of the biofertilizer application varied among the different evaluated cultivars, being that the cultivar BR5 284 was not affected by the use of the biofertilizer. The other cultivars (SYN 9070 RR, AS 3730 IPRO and M6410 IPRO) were negatively affected in one or more growth and / or production characteristics when subjected to 10% application. The application at 1% concentration favored only the cultivar M6410 IPRO in terms of root growth and nodules fresh mass. Keywords: Biostimulant. Fert Bokashi®, Glycine max.

scholarly journals Initial growth of cassava plants cv. Mossoró under different water regimes

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Domingos Ferreira De Mélo Neto ◽  
Daniel Gomes Coelho ◽  
Moab Torres De Andrade ◽  
Jandelson De Oliveira Alves
Keyword(s):  
Linear Trend ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Severe Water Stress ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Levels

The sprouting phase of cassava is critical for the establishment of the plant, with this phase being dependent on soil moisture. As such, this study evaluated the effect of different irrigation levels on the initial growth of cassava cv. Mossoró in semi-arid conditions. The experiment was conducted under completely randomized design conditions with 5 replications. The treatments in pots containing one plant per experimental unit consisted of 5 irrigation levels, 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo, mm day-1), which corresponded to totals for the experimental period of 11.20; 42.15; 73.09; 104.03 and 134.97 mm, respectively. At 30 days after planting, the number of leaves and stems, as well as the dry mass of the shoot and the root had increased sharply for irrigation levels up to 73.09 mm. For higher irrigation levels there was a tendency for plant growth stabilization; however, above 104.03 mm there was a decrease. Shoot and root dry mass ratio showed severe water stress at the 11.20 mm level, being more damaging to root growth. Plant height showed a positive linear trend as the level of irrigation was increased, as opposed to water use efficiency. Therefore, irrigation with 50% replacement of ETo (73.09 mm) provided the best conditions for early growth of cassava.

scholarly journals Rocket plants in response to nitrogen concentration in nutrient solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique S Silva ◽  
Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho ◽  
Isaias dos S Reis ◽  
Carolina S Nascimento ◽  
Camila S Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is the second most accumulated nutrient in rocket. This nutrient greatly affects growth, productivity and quality of the vegetable. Rocket is the second most widely grown leafy vegetable in hydroponic system; however, no studies on how N concentration in nutrient solution affects this crop can be found in literature. We studied four concentrations (79.2; 118.8; 158.4 and 237.6 mg L-1 of N) in a randomized block design with five replicates. Maximum number of leaves, leaf area, dry mass and productivity of rocket cv. ‘Folha larga’ were obtained with the highest N concentration. The rocket quality, evaluated by the nitrate content, was maximum with 210.2 mg L-1 of N and its value in the concentration which maximized productivity is in the acceptable range for vegetables; so, it is recommended to grow rocket with 237.6 mg L-1 of N in the nutrient solution.

scholarly journals Tratamentos Pré-Germinativos na Emergência e Desenvolvimento Inicial de Plântulas de Graviola

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Sandoval Paixão ◽  
Andrieli Ferrari Mônico ◽  
Rafaela Barreto Cazaroto Grobério ◽  
Gustavo Miranda Cremonini ◽  
Hélio Pena de Faria Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Leaf Dry Mass ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Collar Diameter

A graviola, Annona muricata L., produz sementes que podem apresentar dormência ocasionada pela impermeabilidade do tegumento à água, necessitando assim de métodos para superação desta. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de tratamentos pré-germinativos na emergência e desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de graviola. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 13 tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo cada unidade experimental composta de 50 sementes. As sementes foram submetidas aos tratamentos com imersão por 30 minutos, os quais foram: água (26 °C testemunha), solução de giberelina a 1.000, 2.000, 3.000 e 4.000 mg.L-1, água com gelo em ponto de fusão (0 °C), congelador por 6 horas (-10 °C), geladeira por 24 horas (10 °C), água em ponto de ebulição (100 °C), solução de NaCl 9 g.L-1, solução de KCl 5 g.L-1, água de coco e suco de laranja. A semeadura ocorreu em tubetes 280 mL contendo substrato composto por solo+eterco bovino. Trinta dias após a semeadura (DAS) avaliou-se a porcentagem, índice de velocidade e tempo médio de emergência das plântulas. Sessenta dias após a semeadura foram avaliados: número de folhas; altura da planta; diâmetro do coleto; comprimento da raiz; massa verde foliar; massa seca foliar; massa verde e massa seca da raiz. O tratamento com giberelina de 4.000 mg.L-1 de GA3 foi o tratamento mais eficiente para induzir a emergência e desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de graviola.   Palavras-chave: Annona muricata. Giberelina. Propagação.   Abstract Soursop, Annona muricata L., produces seeds that may present dormancy caused by the impermeability of the integument to water, thus requiring methods to overcome it. The objective was to evaluate the effect of pre-germinative treatments on the emergence and initial development of soursop seedlings. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, with 13 treatments and four replications, each experimental unit consisting of 50 seeds. The seeds were submitted to immersion treatments for 30 minutes, which were: water (26°C control), 1.000 gibberellin solution, 2.000, 3.000 e 4.000 mg.L-1, water with ice at melting point (0 °C), freezer for 6 hours (-10 °C), refrigerator for 24 hours (10 °C), boiling water (100°C), NaCl 9 g.L-1 solution, KCl 5 g.L-1 solution, coconut water and orange juice. Sowing took place in 280 mL tubes containing substrate composed of soil + bovine manure. Thirty days after sowing (DAS), the percentage, speed index and mean seedling emergence time were evaluated. Sixty days after sowing the following items were evaluated: number of leaves; plant height; collar diameter; root length; leaf green mass; leaf dry mass; green mass and dry mass of the root. The treatment with gibberellin of 4.000 mg.L-1 of GA3 was the most efficient treatment to induce the emergence and initial development of soursop seedlings.   Keywords: Annona muricate. Gibberellin.  Propagation.

scholarly journals Growth of lettuce cultivars in beds covered with differing materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Favarato ◽  
Rogério Carvalho Guarçoni ◽  
Frederico Jacob Eutrópio ◽  
Lidiane Mendes ◽  
Mírian Piassi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Soil Covers ◽  
Kraft Paper ◽  
Iceberg Lettuce ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Plant Stem Length

In commercial lettuce growing, the intensive cultivation of the soil results in an increase in weed populations, making it difficult to fully exploit the area and increasing production costs. Under such circumstances, the use of soil covers can minimize this problem. Consequently, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different materials as soil covers on the agronomic performance of three lettuce cultivars. The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks, with treatments set in a subdivided plot scheme. Five types of soil cover (plots) were tested: no cover, black plastic, double white faced plastic, straw mulching and kraft paper and three Lettuce cultivars (subplots): loose-crested leaf group, iceberg lettuce group, with four replicates. Number of leaves per plant, stem length and diameter, head diameter, mass of fresh and total dry matter, fresh matter mass of leaves and stem were evaluated. For the Lisa and Americana lettuce groups, bed soil cover materials were more efficient when compared to the uncovered beds. For economic and environmental reasons, kraft paper is recommended as a bedding cover material for these cultivars. Variation in growth occurred between the lettuce cultivars, independently of the use of bedding cover. This occurred in the sequence: loose leaf > iceberg lettuce> loose-crested leaf group.

scholarly journals Interference and level of economic damage of turnip in canola

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Daiani Brandler ◽  
◽  
Leandro Galon ◽  
Altemir José Mossi ◽  
Thalita Pedrozo Pilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Control Cost ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
And Control

The weeds if not properly controlled have great ability to settle in agricultural systems, affecting crop production. The objective of this work was to determine the interference and level of economic damage in different density of crop. The treatments were composed of canola hybrids (Hyola 50, Hyola 76, Hyola 433, Hyola 571 CL, Hyola 575 CL and Diamond) and twelve infestation turnip density in crop. The variables evaluated to estimate the competitiveness of the hybrids were plant density, leaf area, soil cover and dry mass of the turnip. Grain yield, canola price, herbicide efficiency, and control cost were used to determine the weed's level of economic damage on the crop. The canola hybrids Hyola 575 CL, Hyola 50, Hyola 76 and Hyola 571 CL are more competitive with turnip. The values of economic damage levels range from 2.86 to 5.95, 2.43 to 5.05, 2.22 to 5.43 and 2.99 to 6.22 turnip plants m-2 for hybrids Hyola 50, Hyola 76, Hyola 571 CL and Hyola 575 CL, respectively, as a function of simulated variables. The increased grain yield, canola price, herbicide efficiency and lower control costs reduce the level of economic damage, justifying the adoption of control.

scholarly journals Wood Ash as a Corrective and Fertilizer in Safflower Crop in Oxisol of Brazilian Cerrado

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Edna M. Bonfim-Silva ◽  
Tulio M. Santos ◽  
Luana G. A. Dourado ◽  
Camila T. R. Silva ◽  
William Fenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

This study aimed at estimating the wood ash as a corrective and fertilizer in the safflower crop. This study was done with respect to the development, growth, and production of safflower in response to the wood ash doses applied to Oxisol of the Brazilian Cerrado biome. Adopting the completely randomized design and using five wood ash doses (0, 8, 16, 24, 32 g dm-3) and six replicates, the experiments were performed under greenhouse conditions. Each experimental unit included a 2 dm3 pot, filled with soil that had been incubated earlier for 30 days. The variables studied included soil pH, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), number of leaves (plant-1), SPAD index, internal and external diameters of the chapters (cm), number of chapters (plant-1), chapters dry mass (g pot-1), shoot dry mass (g pot-1), volume (cm3 pot-1) and root dry mass (g pot-1) Analysis of variance and subsequent regression test were performed for all the data using SISVAR software, at 5% probability for both. The variables internal and external diameter of the chapters and root volume showed no significant differences. The soil pH revealed a significant effect of the wood ash application tending towards linearity, as did the other vegetative variables of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and SPAD index. The productive constituents exhibited improved development when the wood ash was applied to the soil in doses of around 24 g dm-3 or more.

scholarly journals Growth and plant mass of radish fertirrigated with different doses nitrogen

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Patrícia Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Rigoberto Moreira de Matos ◽  
Vitoria Ediclecia ◽  
Aryadne Ellen Vilar de Alencar ◽  
José Dantas Neto
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Factor Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Different Doses

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen doses applied via fertigation and associated with different types of crop establishment fertilization on growth and biomass of radish. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, from April to May 2014. Treatments consisted of five doses of nitrogen fertilizer applied by fertigation (0, 0.7, 1.4, 2.1 and 2.8g per pot) and three types of crop establishment fertilization (humus 2:2; NPK and control), arranged in a 5 x 3 factor design with four repetitions. The 15 treatments were arranged in 60 plots. The nitrogen source used in the study was urea, divided in three applications: the first application was carried out eight days after transplanting, the second, on day 15, and the third, on day 22. The crop establishment fertilization significantly influenced the growth variables and plant mass of the radish on day 35 after transplanting. The highest values of the variables (number of leaves, plant height, bulb diameter, leaf area, fresh mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the aerial part and root/aerial part were observed in the treatment with humus on day 35 after transplanting. The dose of 2.8g nitrogen per pot corresponding to 6.22g of urea per plant provided the highest yield for the variable number of leafs, leaf area and root length on day 35 after transplanting.

scholarly journals Climatic Factors Of The Formation Of The Ravine-Beam System Of The Lower Volga Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012062
Author(s):  
L L Sviridova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Soil Covers ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
Beam System ◽  
Disturbed Soil ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Fast Mechanism

Abstract The Lower Volga regional natural complex has a heterogeneity of the relief, which, combined with the climate feature, leads to the degradation of soil covers. Disturbed soil cover with loose rocks is a fast mechanism for the formation of a gully-beam system. Natural natural conditions combined with human activity have led to catastrophic consequences of the withdrawal of land from land use. To prevent the development of these forms, it is necessary to conduct a study of each formation with tracking in a time period.

scholarly journals Seedlings production of Gomphrena globosaand Petunia x hybridain different times and substrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55
Author(s):  
Miréli Duarte Bergmann ◽  
Carine Borges Batista ◽  
Francis Júnior Soldateli ◽  
Franciéle dos Santos Soares ◽  
Anderson Chuquel Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Aboveground Part ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

This study aimed to evaluate the seedlings growth of Petunia x hybridaand Gomphrena globosaat different times and substrates based on agricultural residues. A completely randomized experimental design was adopted, in a factorial scheme, with treatments consisting of four replications and the experimental unit formed by ten plants. The flower species Petunia x hybridaand G. globosawere cultivated in five substrate compositions and in two seasons, with sowing carried out in April and June for Petunia x hybridaand April and October for G. globosa. The substrates were composed using commercial substrate (CM), bovine manure (BM), worm humus (WM) and rice husk ash (HA), in volumetric proportions: (S1) 100% CS; (S2) 40% CS + 20% BM + 20% WH + 20% HA; (S3) 60% CS + 20% WH + 20% HA; (S4) 60% CS + 20% BM + 20% HA; and (S5) 80% CS + 20% BM. Emergence, emergence speed index, height, number of leaves, length of the largest leaf, length of the largest root, dry mass of the aboveground part, dry mass of the root system and total dry mass were evaluated. The seedlings growth of the Petunia x hybridaand G. globosachanged according to the characteristics of the substrates and the growing seasons. The substrate composed with 80% commercial substrate and 20% bovine manure showed similar or superior results to the commercial substrate and can be used in order to reduce production costs without prejudice to the seedlings growth. The cultivation of Petunia x hybridain April resulted in seedlings with greater height, leaf length and greater accumulation of phytomass. The G. globosa seedlings showed greater development of the aboveground part and the root system, in addition to greater accumulation of phytomass when cultivated in October.

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