scholarly journals Feeding behavior of ram lambs in the feedlot receiving diets without roughage in different amounts

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-545
Author(s):  
Hermogenes Almeida Santana Junior ◽  
Mario Alves Barbosa Júnior ◽  
Elizângela Oliveira Cardoso-Santana ◽  
Antônio Hosmylton Carvalho Ferreira ◽  
Alex Lopes Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
The Times ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Male Sheep ◽  
Average Body Weight

This study aimed to evaluate the feeding behavior of Santa Inês ram lambs in the feedlot receiving diets without roughage in different amounts. Ten castrated Santa Inês male sheep with an average body weight of 20 kg and an average age of four months were used in the experiment. The following treatments were tested: T1 - animals receiving a diet ad libitum (FS100); T2 - animals receiving 95% of the amount of feed supplied in T1 (FS95); T3 - animals receiving 90% of the amount supplied in T1 (FS90); T4 - animals receiving 85% of the amount supplied in T1 (FS85); and T5 - animals receiving 80% of the amount supplied in T1 (FS80). A Latin square (5 × 5) design was adopted, using two simultaneous squares. The times spent feeding, ruminating, performing other activities; the total chewing time; and the number of periods spent feeding and on other activities changed with the reduction in the amount of feed supplied (P<0.05). Number of rumination chews per cud, time per cud, chewing speed, and time per rumination chew did not differ with the reduction of feed supply (P>0.05). Reducing the amount of feed provided to ram lambs consuming diets without roughage changes their feeding behavior.

scholarly journals Feeding behavior of sheep fed sugarcane silage enriched with detoxified castor bean meal

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 43848
Author(s):  
Aline Carsoso Oliveira ◽  
Rasmo Garcia ◽  
Vitor Visintin Silva de Almeida ◽  
Hellenn Cardoso Oliveira ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feeding behavior of sheep fed sugarcane silage enriched with increasing levels of detoxified castor bean meal. Twenty-four non-castrated male Santa Inês sheep with an average body weight of 25.34 kg and four months of age, were distributed in four treatments - 0, 7, 14 and 21% of the natural matter of detoxified castor bean meal in sugarcane silage. There was a linear increase (p < 0.05) in time spent eating and feeding and rumination efficiency (g MS and NDF/h) with the inclusion of castor bean meal in silage. However, there was a linear decreasing response for time spent resting (p < 0.05). Time spent ruminating, number of boluses per day and numbers of chews per day per bolus were not affected (p > 0.05) by the inclusion of castor bean meal. The addition of detoxified castor bean meal to sugarcane silage reduces time spent eating and increases feed and rumination efficiency in sheep.

scholarly journals Distiller’s dried grains with solubles (Zea mays L.) in feeding sheep on nitrogen balance

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3807
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valério Geron ◽  
Jocilaine Garcia ◽  
Sílvia Cristina de Aguiar ◽  
Kallynka Samara Martins Coelho ◽  
Ilda De Souza Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diets supplemented with 0.0, 8.0, 16.0, and 24.0% distiller’s dried grain solubles (DDGS) on nitrogen (N) intake, fecal and urinary N excretion, and N absorption and retention (N balance, NB) by feeding sheep. Four sheep of unidentified race were used, with an average body weight of 23.5 ± 1.5 kg, and housed in metabolism cages. We used a 4 × 4 Latin square design for the experimental design, and each experimental period lasted for 20 days. Data on N intake (NI), fecal N, urinary N, absorbed N, and NB were expressed in g day-1; percentage of NI and grams per kilogram of metabolic weight g (kg0.75)-1 were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis at 5% probability. Inclusion of the different concentrations of DDGS in sheep diets had no effect on NI (mean of 15.11 g animal-1 day-1), nor on fecal and urinary N excretion (mean of 5.16 and 0.16 g animal-1 day-1, respectively). Moreover, DDGS supplementation did not alter NB or N absorption (mean of 9.79 and 9.95 g animal-1 day-1, respectively). Thus, it can be concluded that inclusion of up to 24% of DDGS in feed does not affect NI, fecal and urinary N excretion, and NB in sheep.

scholarly journals Carcass traits and relative organ weights of growing rabbits fed graded levels of processed kola nut (Cola nitida) pod husks

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
S. A. Adeyeye ◽  
J. O. Agbede ◽  
V. A. Aletor ◽  
O. D. Oloruntola ◽  
S. O. Ayodele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Cola Nitida ◽  
Average Body Weight

Carcass traits and relative organ weights of growing rabbits fed graded levels of processed (ash treated and rumen liquor fermented) kola nut (Cola nitida) pod husks (PKPH) were investigated. One hundred and twenty (120) weaner rabbits of mixed breeds (New-Zealand white × Chinchilla) of equal sexes and average body weight 525.46g were randomly allotted to four (4) dietary treatments at 0 (0.00 % PKPH), 10 (10 % PKPH), 20 (20 % PKPH), and 30 % (30 % PKPH) inclusion levels and designated as diets 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Each treatment group was replicated ten (10) times with three (3) rabbits per replicate and was fed ad-libitum for 56 days. The highest slaughter weight (1813.80 g/r), dressing weight (1068.70 g/r) and dressing percentage (58.54 %) recorded in rabbits fed diet 3 (20% PKPH) were similar to those fed the control diet (0 % PKPH) and diet 2 (10% PKPH) but was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those fed diet 4 (30 % PKPH). The lungs, liver, kidney, heart, and spleen of the rabbits fed dietary treatments were not significantly influenced. It was concluded that processed kolanut pod husk had no deleterious effect on carcass and relative organs weight of weaner rabbits.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Formulasi Pakan Hijauan (Kaliandra, Gamal dan Rumput Gajah) Terhadap Distribusi Protein dalam Saluran Pencernaan Domba

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Firdus Firdus
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Early Experiment ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Protein Distribution ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Feed formulation influence of forage (Caliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium and Penisetum sp.) on distribution protein in sheep digestive tractABSTRACT. It was assumed that feed formulation given to animals has an effect on digested nutrient of the animals. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate nutrient contribution mainly protein in digestive tracts of sheep by forage formulation treatment (Caliandra calothyrsus, Gliricidia sepium and Penisetum sp.). Thirty (30) sheep tails with the average body weight 15,42 kg (SD 2,68) were fed forage with the following formulation: A. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP) and fresh Caliandra calothyrsus (FC) (7 : 3 or 70 % + 30 %), B. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP) and fresh Gliricidia sepium (FG) (7 : 3 or 70 % + 30 %), C. Fresh Penisetum sp. (FP), fresh Caliandra calothyrsus (FC) and fresh Gliricidia sepium (FG). The experiment was conducted for 90 days and water was provided ad libitum. Parameter recorded in this experiment were distribution of protein in sheep digestive tract, covers by protein rate in rumen, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, caecum, large intestine and rectal. Data recorded were processed by covariant analysis with body weight of sheep at the early experiment treatment as a covariant. Continuation test with Tukey test. The results of this research indicated that treatment had no significant effect on protein distribution of digestive tract. It was shown by protein content in digestive tract had no significantly difference among treatments ( P 0,05), except for rectum part.

scholarly journals Feeding behavior of dairy cows fed different levels of xiquexique (Pilosocereus gounellei)

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Nogueira Furtado ◽  
Maria Socorro de Souza Carneiro ◽  
Elzânia Sales Pereira ◽  
Emilson Costa Moreira Filho ◽  
Eranildo Brasil da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
The Times ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Average Body

This study evaluated the replacement of Tifton hay with xiquexique (0, 12, 24 and 36%) on feeding behavior of lactating dairy cows. To this end, eight cows with average milk production of 15 kg milk day-1 and average body weight of 465.2 ± 39.4 kg were distributed in a double 4x4 Latin square. Each experimental period lasted 16 days, ten for adaptation and six for data collection. The record of behavioral variables was made every five min. for 24 hours. The times spent in feeding, ruminating and total chewing, expressed in hours day-1, as well as feeding (FE) and rumination (RE) efficiencies, expressed in g NDF h-1, the number of cuds and cud chews per day showed a linear decrease according to the levels of xiquexique in the diet. There was a linear increase in time in idleness. Xiquexique levels in the diet for dairy cows did not influence FE and RE, expressed in g DM h-1, number and time spent in chewing per cud. The replacement of Tifton hay with xiquexique in the diet alters the feeding behavior of dairy cows due to the reduction in fiber content. 

Implementation of Wafers Feed on Based Palm Kernel Cake for Adult Ongole Crossbreed Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Yana Sukaryana ◽  
Zairiful ◽  
Yadi Priabudiman ◽  
Imelda Panjaitan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Form ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Wafer is one of the complete feed form processed feed which is formed in such a way with special tools, made from concentrate and forage. The purpose of this research was to implementation of wafer feed on based palm kernel cake for adult ongole crossbreed cattle. The cattle used was ongole crossbreed cattle, cow males used as much as 12 tails with approximately 2 years of age and average body weight 200 ± 25 kg. Wafer feed of based palm kernel cake treatment in 4 formulas, namely: Formula 1, Formula 2, Formula 3, and Formula 4. Feed was given ad libitum controlled and drinking water was given ad libitum. The observation variables were done against: feed consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion. The results showed that: Wafer feed of based palm kernel cake treatment has no significant (P > 0.05) influence against feed consumption in adult ongole crossbreed cattle, daily weight increase in mature ongole crossbreed cattle with wafer feed; Formula 1 of 0.63 kg/tail/day, Formula 2 is 0.60 kg/tail/day, Formula 3 is 0.73 kg/tail/day, and Formula 4 is 0.80 kg/tail/day, the best feed conversion in the range of feed Formula 4 ie (4.13), feed Formula 3 ie (4.53), feed Formula 1 ie (5.13), and feed Formula 2 ie (5.43).

scholarly journals Supplementation levels for growing beef cattle grazing in the dry-rainy transition season

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 904-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.F.L. Sales ◽  
M.F. Paulino ◽  
S.C. Valadares Filho ◽  
D.M. Figueiredo ◽  
M.O. Porto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Linear Pattern ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Transition Season ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of supplementation on the performance, intake, digestibility, pH and rumen ammonia concentration in growing bulls grazing Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. pasture, during the dry-rainy transition season. For evaluation of performance, intake and digestibility, it was used 25 non-castrated steers at 11 months of age and initial average body weight of 270 kg, grouped in five plots of five animals each, following a completely randomized design. Each plot received one of the following feeding treatments: mineral mixture and supplement at the proportion of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg/animal/day, corresponding to 0.18, 0.36, 0.54 and 0.72% of the average body weight of the animals. The area designated for the animals was constituted of five 2.0-ha paddocks. For the evaluation of the pH and rumen ammonia concentration, five crossbred non-castrated steers were used, with average body weight of 240 kg, fistulated in the esophagus, rumen and abomasum, disposed in a 5 × 5 Latin square, with five treatments and five experimental periods. Animal performance behaved in a positive linear manner according to the supplementation levels, responding with an increase of more than 80% on weight gains of the animals. Intakes of total and pasture dry matter (DM), organic matter and neutral detergent fiber were not influenced by supplementation. Intakes of crude protein, non-fibrous carbohydrates, ether extract and total digestible nutrients as well as nutrient digestibility and rumen ammonia concentration showed a positive linear pattern in response to supplementation levels. Increasing levels of concentrate supplementation influence positively the performance of bulls growing on pastures during the dry-rainy transition season.

THE EFFECT OF (Morinda citrifolia L.) MEAL IN DIET ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Yosi Fenita
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The objective of the research was to evaluate to effect of feeding mengkudu on performances of broilers. The research design used was completely randomized design. One hundred broilers were distributed into five treatments. The treatments were different levels of mengkudu meal (0, 0.75%, 1.5%, 2.25 % and 3%). The observed measured were feed consumption, average body weight (gain) and feed conversion. Results showed that feeding mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.)  no effect significant (P>0.05) on feed consumption, average body weight and feed conversion.  In conclusion, feeding mengkudu meal up to 3% (in diet) does not negatively affect feed consumption, average body weight, and feed conversion.

scholarly journals The Effects of Feed Color on Broiler Performance between Day 1 and 21

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Gulizia ◽  
Kevin M. Downs
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Two trials were conducted to determine feed color effects on broiler performance. A completely randomized design was used. Trial 1 included four treatments: control (complete broiler starter diet), red, green, and blue; and Trial 2 included four treatments: control, orange, yellow, and purple. Each trial had 4 treatments with 4 replicates (60 birds/treatment) fed to 240 male Cobb 500 broilers during a 21 d grow out. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure. In Trial 1, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, body weight gain, and feed consumption (p > 0.05). Adjusted feed conversion for control (1.23) was less than red (1.27; p = 0.001) and green (1.26; p = 0.009), with blue (1.25; p = 0.056) tending to be different during the experimental period. In Trial 2, there were no treatment effects on average body weight, feed consumption, and adjusted feed conversion during this study (p > 0.05). Body weight gain between d 1 to 14 for purple (490.78 g/bird) was more than orange (467 g/bird; p = 0.013) and yellow (461 g/bird; p= 0.004), with control (474 g/bird; p = 0.052) tending to be different. Results indicate that these feed colors had some, albeit limited, influence on broiler performance parameters.

Early sex determination of Turkey by observation of differences in body weight between male and female

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-226
Author(s):  
S Akter ◽  
SC Das ◽  
AS Apu ◽  
T Ahmed ◽  
A Lahiry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Black Color ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

The present study was conducted to determine the early sex in turkeys by observation of the differences in body weight between male and female birds. A total of 30-day old black color unsexed poults having almost similar body weight at hatching were considered for the experimentation and housed at the Poultry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. All birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age under intensive management with supplementation of commercial broiler starter and grower feeds. Birds were reared under similar management conditions. Significantly higher (p<0.01) body weight was attained in male poults (104g/bird) than the female (90g/bird) at the end of 1st week of age. Similarly, at the end of 2nd week of age higher (p<0.01) body weight attained by male poults (198.31g/bird) than the female (162.13g/bird). At the end of 3rd weeks of age male poults attained higher (p<0.01) body weight (307.23g/bird) than the female (251.33g/bird). After 4 weeks of rearing, male turkeys attained significantly higher (p<0.01) live body weight (424.46g/bird) than the female turkeys (347.87g/bird). The weekly average body weight gains of male and female birds were 94.18g/bird and 76.5g/bird, respectively. Thus, the male and female birds were successfully identified on the basis of differences in their body weight. Weekly feed intake for both the male and female birds was also increased with their age. Up to 4 weeks of age, both the male and female poults consumed same amount of feed (753.46g/bird). The FCR of male and female poults differed non-significantly in 1st, 3rd and 4th week. On the contrary, in 2nd week of age the FCR of male poults (1.60) was significantly lower (p<0.01) than female (2.11). Survivability was 100% up to 4th week of age irrespective of sex of the poults. The birds were reared up to 12 weeks of age until to confirm their sex by observation of the phenotypic appearance. Results of the phenotypic observation of male and female birds correspondence hundred percent accuracy with the results obtained in body weight based differences between male and female birds. It is therefore concluded that farmers can identify male or female poults as early as first week of age on the basis of body weight differences. Progressive Agriculture 31 (3): 218-226, 2020

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