scholarly journals Growth Performance of Heteroclarias Juveniles Fed Graded Levels of Autoclaved Castor Seed (Ricinus communis L.) Cake Based Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Agboola E. O ◽  
Adebayo I. A ◽  
Babalola B. T
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Castor Seed ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Castor Seeds

An 84 day feeding trial was conducted on the juveniles (42.51±0.09g) of hybrid catfish, Heteroclarias, in order to evaluate the nutritional potential of 30 minutes autoclaved castor seed cake isonitrogenous (40% crude protein) and isocaloric (3212Kcal/Kg) diets replacing soybean meal at 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50%, the diets being designated D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 respectively. Prior to this, the castor seeds (Ricinus communis L.), ZiboCastor No. 3 variety, collected from Ado-Ekiti metropolis, Nigeria were subjected to 0, 20, 30 and 40 minutes autoclaved at 121oC, dehauled, grounded, oil extracted to form cake, then the proximate and antinutrients analysis were carried out. The preliminary tests on the seeds revealed 30 minutes level of autoclaved seeds was the best. The growth performance result showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and apparent net protein utilization (NPU) among the various diet levels with the progressive decline in the values of each parameter (except FCR that showed progressive increment) along the trend of increment of castor seed cake inclusion (D1, 0%; D2, 12.5%; D3, 25%; D4, 37.5% and D5, 50%). The survival rate followed the same trend of declination with the highest percentage recorded for D1 (93.33±6.67%), followed by D2 (83.33±3.33%), D3 (76.57±3.33%), D4 (66.67±3.33%) and D5 (60.00±5.77%) respectively. Hence the best growth performance and nutrient utilization was shown in D1 (control) followed by D2. It is therefore recommended that autoclaved castor seed cake at 121oC be included at not more than 12.5% inclusion level to reduce cost of feed without necessarily compromising fish growth rate.

scholarly journals A Very Low CP Level Reduced Diarrhoea and Productivity in Weaner Pigs, but No Differences between Post-Weaning Diets Including Soybean Meal or Soy Protein Concentrate Were Found

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Julie C. Lynegaard ◽  
Niels J. Kjeldsen ◽  
Julie K. Bache ◽  
Nicolai R. Weber ◽  
Christian F. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Soy Protein Concentrate ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
And Performance

Soy protein concentrate improves nutrient utilization and growth performance compared to soybean meal, and diets with a low crude protein (CP) level decreases diarrhoea. The objectives were to (1) test a low CP diet based on different soy products, and (2) to test a very-low CP diet (15.1%) with amino acids (AA) on diarrhoea and productivity. A total of 5,635 weaned pigs (~28 days), were assigned to five dietary treatments; PC (positive control): Standard CP levels (192, 189, 191 g/kg CP) with 2500 ppm ZnO; NC (negative control): Same as PC without ZnO; SP (Soy protein concentrate): Low CP levels (176, 174, 191 g/kg CP); SB (Soybean meal): Low CP levels (177, 176, 191 g/kg CP); and XLA (X-low CP + AA): Very low CP levels (154, 151, 191 g/kg CP) with AA. The PC and XLA diets reduced diarrhoea by 41 and 61%, respectively, compared to the NC group, while no difference between SB and SP were observed. The XLA diet reduced feed intake and daily gain compared with PC and NC, where SP, SB, and XLA had a poorer feed conversion compared with PC. Conclusively, the SP and SB low-protein diets did not reduce diarrhoea or growth performance, whereas the XLA diet decreased both diarrhoea and performance.

scholarly journals Response of Clarias gariepinus to Allium sativum-based diet on growth performance and Staphylococcus aureus challenge infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 755-759
Author(s):  
A.A. Nwabueze ◽  
J.K. Ekelemu ◽  
O.A. Owe
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Fish Diet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fish Samples

The response of Clarias gariepinus to Allium sativum on growth performance and as anti-bacterial agent in Staphylococcus aureus challenge infection was evaluated. A. sativum was included at 0% (control), 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5% in fish diet. Twenty fish samples each were randomly distributed into four tanks (T1, T2, T3 and T4). Fish were fed twice daily at 5% body weight for twelve weeks. All fish were challenged with 0.5ml of pure culture of S. aureus. A significant (P<0.05) increase in body weight, total length and standard length was observed. A. sativum at 3.0% inclusion promoted highest growth with feed conversion ratio (1.25-1.41), protein efficiency ratio (1.72-0.56), specific growth rate (1.92-2.09), condition factor (0.83-1.99) and survival rate (60-95). Fish-fed A. sativum diet showed that 4.5% inclusion had the least S. aureus activity. Bacteria load significantly (P<0.05) decrease at week 12. Culture water had dissolved oxygen of 4.0 - 4.2 mg/L, pH 6.0 - 7.0 and temperature of 26.0-28.0oC. This study has shown that A. sativum supplemented diets enhanced growth of C. gariepinus and functioned as antibacterial agent against S. aureus. A. sativum at 3.0% inclusion in diet is recommended for better fish growth and 4.5% A. sativum for antibacterial action. Keywords: Fish, herb, growth, infection

scholarly journals Effects of salinity changes on growth performance and survival of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1795)

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Faijun Nahar ◽  
Wahida Haque ◽  
Dewan Ali Ahsan ◽  
Md Ghulam Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Anabas Testudineus ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Climbing Perch ◽  
Cultured Fish

An experiment was carried out to find the salinity tolerance capability and growth performance of Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1795). Anabas testudineus commonly cultured fish in Bangladesh was reared in laboratory conditions at different salinities of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 21‰ for 60 days. Hundred per cent survivals were detected at 0, 3, 6 and 9‰ salinity while 100% mortality was recorded at 18 and 21‰ salinity. Various responses to threat and feeding were observed among the fish in different treatments. Lowest feed conversion ratio was found in the control group while the highest was detected at 15‰ salinity. On the other hand, decreasing trend of specific growth and average growth rate were observed in A. testudineus fingerlings from 0 to 15‰ salinity. Significantly higher specific growth rate and average growth rate were detected in A. testudineus fingerlings reared at 0 - 6‰ salinity (p < 0.05). The present study suggests that Climbing Perch fingerlings can be reared at fresh water growth rates in coastal water with salinity up to 6‰.Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(1): 65-73, 2016

Effect of sex on growth performance, nutrient utilizationand carcass characteristics in cross bred pigs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gowher Gull Sheikh ◽  
R.P.S. Baghel ◽  
Sunil Nayak ◽  
Aijaz Ahmad Ganie
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nonsignificant Difference ◽  
Gender Groups

A study was carried on 24 piglets (Large White York Shire × Desi) of an average initial weight of 20 kg of three gender groups, barrows, boars and gilts consisted of eight pigs each, of comparable body weight fattened from 20-48 kilograms (growing) to 49-96 kilograms (finishing) to see the effect of gender on growth performance, nutrient utilization and carcass traits. When comparing feed intake at the growing stage, gilts consumed significantly more (P less than 0.05) feed than boars and barrows. There was no significant difference in average daily weight gain among barrows, boars and gilts in growing and finishing stage. Gilts had significantly higher (P less than 0.05) feed conversion ratio than boars in growing period and barrows in finishing period. Nutrient digestibility was similar except crude protein among groups. Fasting weight and weight after bleeding was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in gilts with nonsignificant difference between barrows and boars. Sex has no significant effect on evisceration weight, dressing percentage and carcass length in pigs. Carcass backfat of barrows was significantly thicker (P less than 0.05) than that of boars and gilts, however, the loin eye area was significantly larger (P less than 0.05) in gilts than boars and barrows. There were no significant differences among groups concerning the proportions of ham, under cut, bacon and rib chop however, shoulder and loin percentages were higher (P less than 0.05) in gilts than boars and barrows.

Comparative evaluation of influence of dietary organic and inorganic selenium supplement on growth performance of indigenous Aseel chickens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waseem Muhammad Zia ◽  
Anjum Khalique ◽  
Anjum Khalique ◽  
Saima Naveed ◽  
Jibran Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Inorganic Selenium

Two hundred-forty 3-weeks-old Aseel birds from Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties of indigenous Aseel were chosen (60 birds/variety, 30 males and 30 females) to evaluate the influence of selenium supplements on growth performance. The birds of either sex were divided according to randomized complete block design into A, B and C treatment groups (10 birds/treatment); A and B were experimental, while C was control. Se-enriched yeast (organic selenium) and sodium selenite (inorganic selenium) were supplemented @ 0.3 mg/kg in the basal diets of group A and B, respectively, while, group C was fed without additional selenium. Birds were maintained individually in battery cages from 4-21 weeks. Statistically, the results showed the reduced (P>0.05) feed intake, while enhanced (P£0.05) nutrient utilization for dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and ash; superior feed conversion ratio; higher live final body weight; lower (P£0.05) mortality and rearing cost in Se-enriched yeast fed birds, chiefly in the males of Lakha variety than those received sodium selenite supplemented or control diet. The study concluded that the organic selenium supplement (Se-enriched yeast) had a major influence in improving the overall growth performance of Aseel.

Effects of selection for lower backfat, and increased levels of dietary amino acids to digestible energy on growth performance, carcass merit and meat quality in boars, gilts, and barrows

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Grandhi ◽  
R. L. Cliplef
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Merit ◽  
Feeding Diets

Two experiments were conducted, using a total of 288 crossbred boars, gilts and barrows from the progeny of two Yorkshire sow lines, one kept as control, and the other selected for lower backfat thickness and increased growth rate for six generations. The lysine to DE (g MJ−1) levels used during grower (20 to 60 kg) and finisher (60 to 105 kg) periods, respectively, in the three diets (14.2 MJ DE kg−1) were: 1) 0.53 and 0.42 with no other supplemental amino acids except lysine, 2) 0.69 and 0.57 with supplemental threonine and methionine at a ratio of 0.65 and 0.30 to dietary lysine and 3) 0.85 and 0.72 with supplemental threonine and methionine at similar ratios as in diet 2. Feeding diets 2 and 3 increased (P < 0.05) the ADG and feed conversion efficiency of all pigs in both experiments, and this response was mainly during the grower period. Feeding diet 3 improved the growth rate more than diet 2 only in boars and gilts but not barrows. It also increased the feed conversion efficiency in exp. 2. The increased feed conversion efficiency response was higher in select than control line pigs, and in boars. Feeding diets 2 and 3 also improved the carcass merit but reduced the meat quality with an increased firmness and reduced marbling, juiciness, and flavour. The overall results indicated that an average daily intake of approximately 17 g of lysine (0.74 g MJ−1 DE), 11 g of threonine and 5 g of methionine during the grower period and 25 g lysine (0.62 g MJ−1 DE), 18 g threonine and 8 g methionine during finisher period optimized the growth performance, lean growth rate and carcass merit. This response tended to be higher in select than control line, and in boars and gilts than barrows. Key words: Lysine, amino acids, energy, growth, carcass, pigs

scholarly journals Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed diets substituted for maize with two varieties of cassava tuber

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
A. O. Obadimu ◽  
O. O. Oluwatosin ◽  
I. O. Sanni ◽  
A. O. Lala
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Weight

A 56 –day study was conducted to determine the growth performance and nutrient utilization of broiler chickens fed with two varieties (white and yellow) of cassava grit based diets. A total of 240 one day- old unsexed Arbor acre broiler chicks were assigned to eighty dietary treatments in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement using completely randomized design. Diets were formulated to include two varieties of cassava, TME 419 (white) and TMS 01 1368 (yellow) at four inclusion levels (0, 25, 50 and 75%). Each treatment consisted of 30 birds and three replicates of 10 birds each. Data was collected on growth performance and nutrient digestibility at the end of the starter (4th week) and finisher (8th week) phases. At the starter phase, birds fed 50% white cassava grits diet had the highest (P < 0.05) final weight and weight gain (730.00 and 693.67g/bird). At the finisher phase, birds fed 50% yellow cassava grits diet had the highest (P < 0.05) final weight and weight gain (2235.60 and 1454.00g/bird), respectively while the least final weight and weight gain values (2008.80 and 1267.80g/birds) were obtained in birds fed the control diet. At the starter phase, birds fed 75% white cassava grits diet had the best (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio of 2.18, while birds fed 25% yellow cassava grits diet as well as those fed the control diet had the least (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio of 2.62 and 2.51 respectively. Birds fed 50% yellow as well as those fed 75% yellow cassava grits diets had the highest dry matter and crude fibre digestibility at the starter and finisher phases, respectively. In conclusion the substitution of maize with white cassava grits up to 50% level improved growth performance at the starter phase. However, either white or yellow cassava can be substituted for maize up to 75 % at the finishing phase.

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