scholarly journals Sherlock Holmes inside a textbook. Archaeology of a teacher training text from the early 19th century

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Mirella D’Ascenzo
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Training Manual ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
Training Material ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Educational Publishing ◽  
School Text ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

ABSTRACTIn Italy, since the late 1990s there have been many research works on school and educational publishing, interlacing with the current fields of investigation common in Europe and beyond. Numerous earlier studies offered historians deeper knowledge of school publishing, in terms of the production and distribution of school textbooks between the 19th and 20th centuries, school publishers, legislation on school textbooks and the ideologies and values underlying school text. However, very few studies have investigated the aspects specifically linked to the history of the subject teaching methods in these books, and their everyday practical use and application by the teachers in the class. This essay analyses a teacher training manual to identify the words and expressions that offer clues and signs of the underlying methodologicaland teaching traditions, revealing the pedagogic and educational knowledge used for teacher education. The work analyses a teacher training manual, like a young Sherlock Holmes searching with a magnifying glass for clues among single words or sentences that can reveal the archeologically stratified teaching traditions of the early 19th century.Keywords: Primary school. Textbooks. Teacher training. Material school culture.Resumo: Pesquisas sobre a história da editoria pedagógica e acadêmica conheceram um fecundo período de estudos, a partir do final dos anos de 1990, na Itália, entrelaçando-se com uma linha comum de investigação generalizada em nível europeu e internacional. Os numerosos estudos já realizados nos permitiram alcançar um conhecimento mais profundo da editoria educacional, ao nível de produção editorial e da circulação de manuais escolares entre o Oitocentos e Novecentos, sobre os editores para a escola, sobre disposições normativas relacionadas ao livro escolar e sobre aspectos ideológicos e valorativos subjacentes aos livros-texto. Todavía poco estudiados son los aspectos más relacionados a la historia de las metodologías y de la enseñanza disciplinar presentes en los libros destinados al aula y el uso real, la práctica concreta del libro en el aula en la mediación desarrollada por los docentes. En este artículo se ofrece un análisis de un libro escolar al recoger palabras y frases reveladoras de "indicios" y "acechados" de tradiciones metodológicas y didácticas subyacentes, capaces de revelar la circulación del saber pedagógico y didáctico destinado a la formación de los docentes. En particular, se analizará un manual para profesores al modo de Sherlock Holmes, a través de una lente de detective, en busca de vestigios en torno a palabras aisladas o frases eveladoras de tradiciones didácticas arqueológicamente estratificadas en la primera mitad del siglo XIX.Palavras-chave: Escola Elementar. Livro-texto. Formação de Professores. Cultura Material Escolar.Resumen: Investigaciones sobre la historia de la editorial pedagógica y académica conocieron un fecundo período de estudios, a partir de finales de los años 1990, en Italia, entrelazándose con una línea común de investigación generalizada a nivel europeo e internacional. Los numerosos estudios ya realizados nos permitieron alcanzar un conocimiento más profundo de la editorial educativa, al nivel de producción editorial y de circulación de manuales escolares entre los Ochocientos y Novecientos, sobre los editores para la escuela, sobre disposiciones normativas relacionadas al libro escolar y sobre aspectos ideológicos y valorativos subyacentes a los libros-texto. En el caso de los alumnos de la escuela primaria, los alumnos de la escuela primaria y secundaria de la escuela primaria y secundaria. En este artículo se ofrece un análisis de un libro escolar al recoger palabras y frases reveladoras de "indicios" y "acechados" de tradiciones metodológicas y didácticas subyacentes, capaces de revelar la circulación del saber pedagógico y didáctico destinado a la formación de los docentes. En particular, se analizará un manual para profesores al modo de Sherlock Holmes, a través de una lente de detective, en busca de vestigios en torno a palabras aisladas o frases reveladoras de tradiciones didácticas arqueológicamente estratificadas en la primera mitad del siglo XIX.Palabras clave: Escuela elemental; libro de texto; Formación de profesores; Cultura material de la escuela.Sommario: Le ricerche sulla storia dell’editoria pedagogica e scolastica hanno conosciuto una feconda stagione di studi dalla fine degli anni Novanta in poi in Italia, intrecciando il coevo filone di indagine diffuso a livello europeo e internazionale. Le numerose ricerche già svolte hanno permesso di giungere ad una conoscenza più approfondita dell’editoria scolastica, a livello di produzione editoriale e di circolazione dei manuali scolastici tra Ottocento e Novecento, sugli editori per la scuola, sulle disposizioni normative legate al libro scolastico e sugli aspetti ideologici e valoriali sottesi ai libri di testo. Ancora poco studiati appaiono gli aspetti più squisitamente legati alla storia delle metodologie e delle didattiche disciplinari presenti nei libri nonché l’uso reale, la pratica concreta del libro in classe nella mediazione didattica svolta dai docenti. In questo contributo si offre l’analisi di un manuale scolastico per coglierne parole e frasi rivelatrici di ‘indizi’ e spie’ di tradizioni metodologiche e didattiche sottese, capaci di rivelare la circolazione del sapere pedagogico e didattico destinato alla formazione dei docenti. Si analizzerà in particolare un manuale per maestri come novelli Sherlock Holmes, alla ricerca di tracce con la lente del detective sulle singole parole o frasi rivelatrici tradizioni didattiche archeologicamente stratificate nella prima metà dell’Ottocento.Parole chiave: Scuola Elementare; Libri di Testo; Formazione dei Maestri; Cultura materiale della scuola. 

The Copley Medal: The establishment of a reward system in the Royal Society, 1731-1839

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-76 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Reward System ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
European Science ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Considerable Period

The Copley Medal represents one of the oldest surviving honorary reward systems not only in the Royal Society but also in European science. After the first few years of its award it came increasingly to represent the recognition by the Society of the highest scientific distinction. Its history is, therefore, closely associated with the development of modern science, particularly in Britain. It is surprising that no one has attempted a history of the Copley Medal. Historians of the Royal Society deal with the subject only summarily, or sometimes there is an incidental mention of the medal in connection with a particular recipient. It seems, therefore, that it would be a worthwhile task to look at the foundation of the award and its subsequent history over a considerable period, and we have chosen to examine a time span of approximately a century. This study covers the period from the establishment of Sir Godfrey Copley’s legacy to the late 1830s, by which time various reform movements within the Society had begun to take effect. In fact the period chosen for review corresponds to the award of precisely 100 medals. Our research shows that, after a rather uncertain start over the first 25 years, the Copley Medal thereafter became established as a major award. In the early 19th century the Medal gained ever wider publicity by its award to several distinguished foreign scientists, so that by the end of our period it had become recognized as a real mark of international distinction.

scholarly journals A History of Physical Education in Zambia

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Akatama Mubita
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Good News ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Senior Secondary

AbstractThe history of physical education (PE) in Zambia follows the pattern of the history of education in Zambia. Thus, the history of PE in Zambia can be divided into the indigenous period, the colonial period and the post-independence period. “PE” was essential and utilitarian in the indigenous period because it was simply part of the lives of the people at that time. People walked, swam, ran, and were involved in many other forms of physical activity. PE was indispensable. Later, the missionaries provided education to the Africans for the purpose of transmitting the Good News. However, in doing so they rid the Africans of their culture. Africans also wanted to assert themselves in the newly created society and therefore embraced European culture. Eventually, the demand for education grew and many subjects were added including PE. However, while many subjects have enjoyed immense popularity in the country’s curriculum, PE has suffered marginalization. Although the subject was taught in schools supported by the mining companies and in private schools with facilities and infrastructure as well as teacher training institutions, it was not examined. Later, the subject was examined at teacher training colleges and the University of Zambia. From 2005, however, major developments have taken place in the area of PE. President Mwanawasa declared that PE should be taught in all schools. The subject was introduced to the primary school examination as part of Creative and Technology Studies (CTS) and most recently as Expressive Arts (EA). It is now also being examined at junior and senior secondary levels. Teacher education institutions have been steadfast in training students in PE. Despite this, the teaching of the subject still leaves much to be desired. It appears that the past as well as the present are vehemently holding the subject down.

HISTORICAL GRAMMAR OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. Second edition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей Пантелеев ◽  
Andrey Panteleev ◽  
Елена Шейко ◽  
Elena Sheyko
Keyword(s):  
Education And Training ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Training Manual ◽  
Test Items ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Historical Grammar ◽  
And Training ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
The Way

This manual is intended for students enrolled in the direction of 44.03.05 Pedagogical education and training profile "Russian language". The discipline " Historical grammar of the Russian language "is one of the disciplines of the historical cycle, which is the first part of the course"History of the Russian language". The manual on the Historical grammar of the Russian language is compiled on a modular basis and includes tasks for diagnostic and qualimetric characteristics of the student on the subject. This, in particular, serve as texts and assignments to them, marked with a sign . If students perform all the tasks presented after the texts, the material of the educational element and module is fully assimilated by them. If students are unable to perform any task, it is necessary to repeat the theoretical material and again refer to the tasks. It will help to understand how everyone has mastered the material, and a reflexive questionnaire that will point to the difficulties faced by students, and tell the way to overcome them. At the end of the manual presented test items to check the level of mastery of the material. Each section of the module and the training element is equipped with certain icons that will help to Orient in the structure of the training manual and tell you how and in which direction to move the student to master the material.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Time Lost, Time Regained: Billy Wilder's The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Laura Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Private Life ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Part Structure ◽  
Lost Time

This article discusses Billy Wilder's 1970 film The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes, which, though not enthusiastically received by audiences at the time, has subsequently become a work highly valued by critics and cineastes. Radically cut from its original four-part structure by the studio, it has come to be perceived as a film about loss. This relates both to its themes – suppressed love, the vanished world of Holmes and Watson – and to the history of the film itself, whose missing episodes exist only in fragmentary form. The first part of the essay looks at the ways in which the film constructs an image of Sherlock Holmes (played by Robert Stephen), with a focus on the question of his sexuality, while the second part turns to the ways in which the film became an ‘obsession’ for one writer in particular, the novelist Jonathan Coe.

History of the Study of Apocrypha in Early Medieval England

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Brandon W. Hawk
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Medieval England ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Early Judaism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Early English

Literature written in England between about 500 and 1100 CE attests to a wide range of traditions, although it is clear that Christian sources were the most influential. Biblical apocrypha feature prominently across this corpus of literature, as early English authors clearly relied on a range of extra-biblical texts and traditions related to works under the umbrella of what have been called “Old Testament Pseudepigrapha” and “New Testament/Christian Apocrypha." While scholars of pseudepigrapha and apocrypha have long trained their eyes upon literature from the first few centuries of early Judaism and early Christianity, the medieval period has much to offer. This article presents a survey of significant developments and key threads in the history of scholarship on apocrypha in early medieval England. My purpose is not to offer a comprehensive bibliography, but to highlight major studies that have focused on the transmission of specific apocrypha, contributed to knowledge about medieval uses of apocrypha, and shaped the field from the nineteenth century up to the present. Bringing together major publications on the subject presents a striking picture of the state of the field as well as future directions.

From Dust to Life

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chambers ◽  
Jacqueline Mitton
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Extrasolar Planets ◽  
Planetary Systems ◽  
History Of Astronomy ◽  
Human Origins ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Emergence Of Life

The birth and evolution of our solar system is a tantalizing mystery that may one day provide answers to the question of human origins. This book tells the remarkable story of how the celestial objects that make up the solar system arose from common beginnings billions of years ago, and how scientists and philosophers have sought to unravel this mystery down through the centuries, piecing together the clues that enabled them to deduce the solar system's layout, its age, and the most likely way it formed. Drawing on the history of astronomy and the latest findings in astrophysics and the planetary sciences, the book offers the most up-to-date and authoritative treatment of the subject available. It examines how the evolving universe set the stage for the appearance of our Sun, and how the nebulous cloud of gas and dust that accompanied the young Sun eventually became the planets, comets, moons, and asteroids that exist today. It explores how each of the planets acquired its unique characteristics, why some are rocky and others gaseous, and why one planet in particular—our Earth—provided an almost perfect haven for the emergence of life. The book takes readers to the very frontiers of modern research, engaging with the latest controversies and debates. It reveals how ongoing discoveries of far-distant extrasolar planets and planetary systems are transforming our understanding of our own solar system's astonishing history and its possible fate.

LITERARY ROMANTICISM AS A THEORETICAL ISSUE

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Vera V. Serdechnaia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Theoretical Issue ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of literary romanticism. The research aims at a refinement of the “romanticism” concept in relation to the history of the literary process. The main research methods include conceptual analysis, textual analysis, comparative historical research. The author analyzes the semantic genesis of the term “romanticism”, various interpretations of the concept, compares the definitions of different periods and cultures. The main results of the study are as follows. The history of the term “romanticism” shows a change in a number of definitions for the same concept in relation to the same literary phenomena. By the end of the 20th century, realizing the existence of significant contradictions in the content of the term “romanticism”, researchers often come to abandon it. At the same time, the steady use of the term “romanticism” testifies to the subject-conceptual component that exists in it, which does not lose its relevance, but just needs a theoretical refinement. Conclusion: one have to revise an approach to romanticism as a theoretical concept, based on the change in the concept of an individual in Europe at the end of the 18th century. It is the newly discovered freedom of an individual predetermines the rethinking for the image of the author as a creator and determines the artistic features of literary romanticism.

СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
А. Н. Сухов
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Structure Dynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

This given article reveals the topicality not only of destructive, but also of constructive, as well as hybrid conflicts. Practically it has been done for the first time. It also describes the history of the formation of both foreign and domestic social conflictology. At the same time, the chronology of the development of the latter is restored and presented objectively, in full, taking into account the contribution of those researchers who actually stood at its origins. The article deals with the essence of the socio-psychological approach to understanding conflicts. The subject of social conflictology includes the regularities of their occurrence and manifestation at various levels, spheres and conditions, including normal, complicated and extreme ones. Social conflictology includes the theory and practice of diagnosing, resolving, and resolving social conflicts. It analyzes the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, dynamics, and classification of social conflicts. Therefore, it is no accident that the most important task is to create a full-fledged theory of social conflicts. Without this, it is impossible to talk about effective settlement and resolution of social conflicts. Social conflictology is an integral part of conflictology. There is still a lot of work to be done, both in theory and in application, for its complete design. At present, there is an urgent need to develop conflict-related competence not only of professionals, but also for various groups of the population.

ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC EDUCATION AND MUSICAL PSYCHOTHERAPY OF A SPECIALIST’S TRAINING

2020 ◽  
Vol 384 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-232
Author(s):  
P. V. Menshikov ◽  
G. K. Kassymova ◽  
R. R. Gasanova ◽  
Y. V. Zaichikov ◽  
V. A. Berezovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Practice ◽  
Piano Music ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Native Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Many ◽  
Special Meaning

A special role in the development of a pianist as a musician, composer and performer, as shown by the examples of the well-known, included in the history of art, and the most ordinary pianists, their listeners and admirers, lovers of piano music and music in general, are played by moments associated with psychotherapeutic abilities and music features. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the psychotherapeutic aspects of performing activities (using pianists as an example). The research method is a theoretical analysis of the psychotherapeutic aspects of performing activities: the study of the possibilities and functions of musical psychotherapy in the life of a musician as a “(self) psychotherapist” and “patient”. For almost any person, music acts as a way of self-understanding and understanding of the world, a way of self-realization, rethinking and overcoming life's difficulties - internal and external "blockages" of development, a way of saturating life with universal meanings, including a person in the richness of his native culture and universal culture as a whole. Art and, above all, its metaphorical nature help to bring out and realize internal experiences, provide an opportunity to look at one’s own experiences, problems and injuries from another perspective, to see a different meaning in them. In essence, we are talking about art therapy, including the art of writing and performing music - musical psychotherapy. However, for a musician, music has a special meaning, special significance. Musician - produces music, and, therefore, is not only an “object”, but also the subject of musical psychotherapy. The musician’s training includes preparing him as an individual and as a professional to perform functions that can be called psychotherapeutic: in the works of the most famous performers, as well as in the work of ordinary teachers, psychotherapeutic moments sometimes become key. Piano music and performance practice sets a certain “viewing angle” of life, and, in the case of traumatic experiences, a new way of understanding a difficult, traumatic and continuing to excite a person event, changing his attitude towards him. It helps to see something that was hidden in the hustle and bustle of everyday life or in the patterns of relationships familiar to a given culture. At the same time, while playing music or learning to play music, a person teaches to see the hidden and understand the many secrets of the human soul, the relationships of people.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document