Preference of two populations of Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) for Aphis fabae and Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Extraction of DNA from whole aphids, in combination with random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) (Williams et al. 1990) markers can detect interspecific and intraspecific genetic variation (Black et al. 1992; Cenis et al. 1993). However, these techniques entail destructive sampling of fresh or preserved specimens. To allow experimental replication from a single sample while preserving the same aphid for morphometrical or karyotyping analyses, we describe a technique for RAPD-PCR using DNA from single aphid embryos. We evaluated the usefulness and reliability of single-embryo analysis, using four species of our laboratory colonies, namely Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis frangulae group, and Aphis gossypii Glover.

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Diversity of aphid pests on the crops in Kanchanpur district, Nepal

Journal of Natural History Museum ◽

10.3126/jnhm.v31i1.39377 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 95-106

Author(s):

Mahadev Bista

Keyword(s):

Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽

Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽

Macrosiphum Rosae ◽

Different Parts

A survey was conducted to explore the aphid pests’ diversity in Kanchanpur district, far-western, Nepal from April 2018 to March 2019. A total of 15 aphid pests were collected and identified, viz. Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora (Koch), Aphis gossypii (Glover), Aphis fabae (Scopoli), Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), Lipaphis erysmi (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Rhopalosiphum rufiadominale (Sasaki), Uroleucon compositae (Theobald), and the guava aphid. Exploration of aphid pests showed that they caused serious damages to agricultural crops by attacking different parts of plants.

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First record and occurrence of Μacrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on cotton in Central Greece

ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA ◽

10.12681/eh.13985 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

D.P. Lykouressis

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

First Record ◽

Aphid Species ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽

Cotton Field ◽

Central Greece ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch

The potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), is a highly polyphagous species on secondary hosts feeding on over 200 plant species, but is especially found on Solanum tuberosum L. M.euphorhiae was first noticed on cotton (cv Zeta 2) at Thiva in central Greece in May 1988 during a study on the population dynamics of cotton aphids carried out in a cotton field in the above mentioned region. This species has been recorded on other host-plants in Greece. It resembles Acyrthosiphon gossvpii Mordvilko, a species which also colonizes cotton but has not been recorded yet in Greece. They can be distinguished from each other since the former has shorter siphunculi, hearing a zone of polygonal reticulation on their apices, than the latter. Moreover, it is easily distinguishable from Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis fabae Scopoli and Aphis craccivora Koch, species which also colonize cotton. A. gossypii is the most important aphid species attacking cotton at Thiva region and has also been recorded previously on cotton by various authors. The species A. fabae and A. craccivora have also been recorded on cotton in Greece. M. euphorbiae was found in the first three samplings that occurred between mid and the end of May when plants were young. From early June and during the rest of the growing season this species was not found in the field. In a total of about 50 plants sampled in each sampling only a few individuals were found. The majority of aphids were alatae, representing 69, 60 and 43 percent of the population at the first. second and third sampling dates, respectively. Alatae started to reproduce on the plants after their alightment, since first and second instar nymphs were present even from the first sampling which took place after the appearance of plants. However, the number of nymphs was kept low during the period M. euphorbiae was present, suggesting that this was possiblydue either to the partial unsuitability of the cotton variety as host or to the effect of the systemic insecticide, phorate which had been applied at sowing, but this needs further investigation. This species was found again in low numbers in another cotton field at Thiva region, from mid May to early June of 1989. The fact that this species was not found from early June onwards in both years reveals that cotton is only a temporary secondary host-plant, possibly not very suitable for aphid development and reproduction. However, cotton may play some role on the population dynamics of M. euphorbiae on subsequent crops and mainly on potatoes, a crop which is widely planted at Thiva region. This might be of particular concern because M. euphorbiae is a vector of several viruses.

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Temporal and spatial progress of Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims)

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.21.15.02.p2997 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 284-289

Author(s):

Roger Yochiharu Kotsubo ◽

Karina Silva dos Santos ◽

Lucas Henrique Fantin ◽

Vitória Carolina Antunes Chaves ◽

João Valdecir Casaroto Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Pattern ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Aphid Species ◽

Passion Fruit ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Incidence Data ◽

Cowpea Aphid ◽

Aphid Vectors

Among the diseases that affect passion fruit, those causing fruit woodiness is considered the most important. Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV) is an important vírus that is transmitted by several aphid species during the bite, making the use of insecticides infeasible to control these vectors. In order to understand the epidemiological behavior of the disease, this study aimed to study the temporal progress and spatial pattern of CABMV in the field. Healthy seedlings of passion fruit with 2.0 meters height were implanted in the field condition at the experimental station of the IDR-Paraná, Brazil. The evaluations were performed weekly observing the symptoms of blister, mosaic, chlorosis and crinkled leaves. For the analyses, the logistic, gompertz and monomolecular models were adjusted to CABMV incidence data in passion fruit. The spatial pattern of the disease was characterized by the dispersion index and Taylor's Power Law. The logistic model was the one that best described the progress in the incidence of the disease. The incidence progress rate of CABMV was 0.037, 0.077 and 0.060 % day-1. At the beginning of the epidemic, the pattern was random. The initial dispersion mechanism was occured through aphid vectors, como Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis solanella Theobald, Toxoptera citricida Kilkaldy, Uroleucon ambrosiae Thomas and Uroleucon sonchi L. infected with CABMV that starts its test bite randomly. The pattern of disease dispersion began to be added when the incidence of plants reached 10 and 7%, in the 2015/16 and 2017/18 harvests, respectively. The random spatial pattern suggested that infected aphids enter several points of the orchard and infected plants become a source for secondary infections, characterizing aggregate pattern. Thus, the eradication of alternative hosts abroad can be adopted as management strategies of CABMV

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Economically significant pests of vegetable crops in Smederevska Palanka

Biljni lekar ◽

10.5937/biljlek2005475j ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 475-487

Author(s):

Bojana Jovanović ◽

Olivera Petrović-Obradović ◽

Bogoljub Zečević ◽

Suzana Pavlović ◽

Jelena Damnjanović

Keyword(s):

Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Flea Beetle ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Stink Bugs ◽

Insect Reproduction ◽

Sufficient Food

The aim of this research was to determine insect pests on vegetable crops in Smederevska Palanka area. By using standard methods, equipment and tools, insect pests that caused significant and less significant damages have been determined on vegetable crops: pepper, tomato, cucumber, melon, zucchini, cabbage, pea, bean, spinach and beet at the arable area at the Institute for Vegetable Crops. The most significant insect pests, causing the most damages were Frankliniella occidentalis and Tuta absoluta, and also several species of aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae, Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis fabae and Macrosiphum euphorbiae), stink bugs (Nezara viridula, Eurydema spp.) and flea beetle (Phyllotreta spp.). These insects caused direct and indirect damages. The most significant damages have been noted in green houses due to favourable conditions for insect reproduction and sufficient food supplies.

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Morphometric differentiation of five biotypes of Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2745.1.3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2745 (1) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

HOSSEIN BARAHOEI ◽

SEYED MASSOUD MADJDZADEH ◽

MOHSEN MEHRPARVAR

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Discriminant Function ◽

Discriminant Function Analysis ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Size Variation ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Group Method ◽

Melanaphis Sacchari

Morphometric analyses were carried out on five biotypes of Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with five host aphid species, Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis gossypii Glover, Brachyunguis zygophylli (Nevsky) and Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner). Sixteen morphological characters were measured on female specimens of L. fabarum. Two multivariate discriminant analyses, discriminant function analysis and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean cluster analysis, were employed to discriminate among L. fabarum biotypes on a morphological basis. Both discriminant function analysis and cluster analysis revealed significant morphological differences. Specimens of L. fabarum reared on Melanaphis sacchari/ Sorghum halepense association showed clear differentiation from other L. fabarum biotypes. A stepwise discriminant function analysis selected Distance between R1-R2 junction and outer margin of wing, Metacarpus length, Width of first tergit, Basal vein length and Femur length that showed the highest contribution to the separation of host-adapted biotypes. A dendrogram of the cluster analysis based on data of squared Euclidean distances classified biotypes in different groups. This study demonstrates that morphometric analysis of morphological characters can efficiently discriminate among host-associated groups based on size variation and clearly separate biotypes of L. fabarum. We concluded that L. fabarum biotypes are not homogeneous morphological entities, and represent different host-associated forms.

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The influence of natural enemies on wing induction in Aphis fabae and Megoura viciae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485307005391 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (1) ◽

pp. 59-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

G. Kunert ◽

K. Schmoock-Ortlepp ◽

U. Reissmann ◽

S. Creutzburg ◽

W.W. Weisser

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Aphid Species ◽

Pea Aphid ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Chrysoperla Carnea ◽

Cotton Aphid ◽

Aphid Density ◽

Megoura Viciae

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that the aphid species, Aphis fabae Scopoli and Megoura viciae Buckton, do not produce winged offspring in the presence of natural enemies, in contrast to results for the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)) and the cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glover); but these studies did not involve exposing aphids directly to natural enemies. We exposed colonies of both A. fabae and M. viciae to foraging lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)) larvae and found that the predators did not induce winged morphs among offspring compared to unexposed controls. Colonies of A. fabae responded to an increase in aphid density with increasing winged morph production, while such response was not found for M. viciae. We suggest that different aphid species differ in their susceptibility to natural enemy attack, as well as in their sensitivity to contact.

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An Ecological Study of Coccinellidae (Col.) associated with Aphis fabae Scop. on Vicia faba

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300039559 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 561-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

C. J. Banks

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Ecological Study ◽

Adult Stage ◽

Coccinella Septempunctata ◽

Common Species ◽

Early Summer ◽

The Other ◽

Adalia Bipunctata ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Propylea Quatuordecimpunctata

Changes in numbers of adult Coccinellids on nettles infested with Microlophium evansi (Theo.) and on three experimental bean plots infested with Aphis fabae Scop. are described for the spring and summer of 1952 at Rothamsted. Of the three common species, Adalia bipunctata (L.), Coccinella septempunctata L. and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (L.), the first was always the most abundant.The overwintered Coccinellids produced two broods: one on nettles in the spring and one on beans in early summer.On bean plots, changes in numbers of the adult insects occurred in three phases: (1) overwintered ladybirds, dispersing from nettles and other places, accumulated on the beans in the early stages of the infestations by Aphis fabae; (2) ladybirds, which had developed from eggs laid by the overwintered insects on nettles, emigrated from nettles and accumulated on the beans when A. fabae populations were at their height; (3) ladybirds, developed from eggs laid on the beans also by the overwintered insects, reached the adult stage when the bean aphid infestations had finished. The rise and fall of the A. fabae populations are discussed.One of the bean plots had always a high population of Coceinellids, which was attributed to its situation between two of the nettle sites. The other two bean plots were remote from nettles and one was sheltered by trees and buildings; their coccinellid populations were much lower.

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Flight activity of aphids as potential vectors of viral infection of alfalfa in Serbia

Pesticidi i fitomedicina ◽

10.2298/pif1704173j ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (3-4) ◽

pp. 173-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ivana Jovicic ◽

Andja Radonjic ◽

Olivera Petrovic-Obradovic

Keyword(s):

Viral Infection ◽

Mosaic Virus ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Aphid Species ◽

Flight Activity ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Potential Vector ◽

Vector Activity

Flight activity of aphids as potential vectors of viral infection of alfalfa plants were monitored in Serbia for the first time in Europe. Research was conducted at the location Progar (Srem) for two years using six yellow water traps. A total of 1626 individual winged aphids were collected. The collected specimens were classified into 49 different taxa. During the two-year study, maximum population density of aphids and maximum potential vector activity were noted at the beginning of June, during the second alfalfa intercut. More than 65% of the collected specimens were potential vectors of the most important alfalfa viruses, Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The most numerous winged aphid species on alfalfa were Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis pomi/spiraecola and Therioaphis trifolii. The Morisita-Horn similarity index was used to calculate similarities in species composition among the traps. High values of this index showed no significant differences among the aphids in traps. It indicates that one trap alone could provide good insight into the abundance, aphid diversity and number of potential vector species in small alfalfa fields.

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Suitability of Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis fabae Scop. and Ephestia kuehniella Zeller eggs for the biology and life-table parameters of Adalia decempunctata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs180620038m ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 737-747

Author(s):

Zahra Mojib-Haghghadam ◽

Sendi Jalali ◽

Arash Zibaee ◽

Jafar Mohaghegh

Keyword(s):

Life Table ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Developmental Period ◽

Ephestia Kuehniella ◽

Aphis Fabae ◽

Biochemical Assays ◽

Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽

The Mean ◽

Preferred Hosts

Adalia decempunctata (L.) is a common predator in agroecosystems and the natural environment. Its biology and life table were studied in nymph/adult hosts of Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis fabae Scop. and on the eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. Raw data of all individuals of A. decempunctata were analyzed using the age-stage, two-sex, life-table theory. The results of this study indicate a shortest immature developmental period (IDP) of A. decempunctata feeding on eggs of E. kuehniella (18.33 days) and the longest on A. fabae (21.82 days). The longest longevity was, however, after feeding on A. gossypii. The fecundity rate of females on E. kuehniella was the highest (2405.12 eggs/female). The intrinsic rates of increase of A. decempunctata were 0.177, 0.171 and 0.155 day-1 when feeding on A. gossypii, E. kuehniella eggs and A. fabae, respectively. The highest finite rates of increase (?) were 1.193 and 1.187 day-1 when reared on A. gossypii and E. kuehniella, respectively. The mean generation time for A. fabae (41.40 days) was significantly higher compared to other hosts. The results of this study showed that the quality of the host influenced to a great extent the rate of energy reserves in emerged females. We conclude that all three host species can be considered as essential preys. These hosts influence the larval developmental period and reproduction in adult A. decempunctata; however, the results of the biochemical assays pointed to A. gossypii and E. kuehniella eggs as preferred hosts.

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