scholarly journals Role of biomarkers in the diagnosis of bacterial infections in rheumatic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Belov ◽  
G. M. Tarasova ◽  
N. V. Muravyeva
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Treatment Policy ◽  
Laboratory Markers

In modern rheumatology, the problem of differential diagnosis of bacterial infection and active rheumatic process still retains its relevance. At the same time, it is very important to search for a biomarker - the gold standard for the diagnosis of an infection in patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs) in order to rapidly determine a treatment policy. This review analyzes the diagnostic significance and possibility of using some laboratory markers for bacterial infections in modern rheumatology. It emphasizes the importance of a multimarker approach that allows increasing the significance of individual parameters in the diagnosis of infections in RD.

scholarly journals Usefulness of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) levels in the differential diagnosis of acute bacterial, viral, and mycoplasmal respiratory tract infections in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Lanfang Min ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background There is a lack of studies comparing PCT, CRP and WBC levels in the differential diagnosis of acute bacterial, viral, and mycoplasmal respiratory tract infections. It is necessary to explore the correlation between above markers and different types of ARTI. Methods 108 children with confirmed bacterial infection were regarded as group A, 116 children with virus infection were regarded as group B, and 122 children with mycoplasmal infection were regarded as group C. The levels of PCT, CRP and WBC of the three groups were detected and compared. Results The levels of PCT, CRP and WBC in group A were significantly higher than those in groups B and C (p < 0.05). The positive rate of combined detection of PCT, CRP and WBC was significant higher than that of single detection. There was no significant difference in PCT, CRP and WBC levels between the group of G+ bacterial infection and G− bacterial infection (p > 0.05). ROC curve results showed that the AUC of PCT, CRP and WBC for the diagnosis of bacterial respiratory infections were 0.65, 0.55, and 0.58, respectively. Conclusions PCT, CRP and WBC can be combined as effective indicators for the identification of acute bacterial or no-bacterial infections in children. The levels of PCT and CRP have higher differential diagnostic value than that of WBC in infection, and the combined examination of the three is more valuable in clinic.

scholarly journals Role of Autophagy and Apoptosis in the Postinfluenza Bacterial Pneumonia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Qin ◽  
Yuan Yang ◽  
Hongren Wang ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Xiaojun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Research Progress ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

The risk of influenza A virus (IAV) is more likely caused by secondary bacterial infections. During the past decades, a great amount of studies have been conducted on increased morbidity from secondary bacterial infections following influenza and provide an increasing number of explanations for the mechanisms underlying the infections. In this paper, we first review the recent research progress that IAV infection increased susceptibility to bacterial infection. We then propose an assumption that autophagy and apoptosis manipulation are beneficial to antagonize post-IAV bacterial infection and discuss the clinical significance.

scholarly journals The Role of the Mature Neutrophil in Bacterial Infections in Acute Leukemia

Blood ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 814-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD T. SILVER ◽  
GRACE A. BEAL ◽  
MARVIN A. SCHNEIDERMAN ◽  
NORMAN B. MCCULLOUGH
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukemia ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Mature Neutrophil ◽  
The Absolute

Abstract Its acute leukemia, phagocytosis of Brucella organisms by mature neutrophils was not impaired. Phagocytosis of these organisms was not altered by antimetabolite therapy or during periods of bacterial infection. The absolute mature neutrophil count when infection developed was found to vary from patient to patient. The onset of bacterial infection in patients with acute leukemia was preceded by dynamic decreases in the number of mature neutrophils in the peripheral blood. Seventeen of eighteen patients had lower mature neutrophil counts immediately prior to the onset of infection as compared to the period free of infection. The median decrease was 54 per cent. As infection did not always follow decreases in mature neutrophils it is suggested that other factors also play a role in the development of bacterial infections in patients with acute leukemia.

scholarly journals Study of the role of an infectious factor in the development of stroke in children. Results of a 5-year retrospective analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
A. A. Ivanova ◽  
O. V. Shamsheva ◽  
I. O. Shchederkina
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Sinus Thrombosis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
One Year

Objective: Determine the role of infectious diseases in the development of strokes in children and to identify risk groups for its progression.Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 660 case histories of children aged 1 months to 1 8 years old, hospitalized in Morozov Children's City Clinical Hospital with stroke in the period from 201 6 to July 2020 was carried out.Results. An infectious disease or fever 4 weeks before stroke is diagnosed in 78 (1 2%) cases. Infections more often act as a stroke trigger in children under 7 years old (28% in children under one year old). The incidence of strokes against a background of a bacterial infection is higher than against a background of a viral infection (47% versus 35%). Among bacterial infections, meningitis (35%), otitis media (24%), pneumonia (1 8%) prevailed. With a viral infection, viruses of Herpes are more common (44%), as well as respiratory viruses (37%). Two cases of cerebrovascular accident were revealed in children who have undergone a new coro-navirus infection SARS-CoV-2 (7%). Among the types of stroke, with bacterial infection, sinus thrombosis was more common (50%), among viral infection, the most common was ischemic stroke (60%). The presence of an additional risk factor was revealed in 72%, most often these were prothrombotic conditions (35%).

scholarly journals Evolution of laboratory markers for systemic bacterial infections

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
N L Ryabkova ◽  
N N Vezikova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Systemic Bacterial Infection

The paper reviews the data available in the literature on existing laboratory markers for systemic bacterial infection, among which C-reactive protein, proinflammatory cytokines, procalcitonin test, and presepsin receive primary emphasis.

scholarly journals Thrombocytosis as a Predictor of Serious Bacterial Infection in Febrile Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
pp. 401-404
Author(s):  
Deepak Mishra ◽  
Amit Kumar Das ◽  
Ram Hari Chapagain ◽  
Nitu Kumari Jha ◽  
Ganesh Kumar Rai
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
P Value ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Young Infants

Background: Most of the febrile infants <90 days old will have no more than a mild viral infection but there is a substantial minority that will be diagnosed as having serious bacterial infection at a reported prevalence of 10–14%. A simple, readily available, inexpensive diagnostic marker that yields results quickly and also accurately identifies bacterial infections in febrile infants would be of great value in management of these infants. This study aims to assess the role of thrombocytosis in predicting serious bacterial infection in young febrile infants beyond neonatal period.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional observational study was conducted from May 2016 to April 2017 on 76 febrile infants of age group 29-90 days in Kanti Children’s Hospital.Results: The incidence of serious bacterial infection was found 43 (56.6%). Thrombocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein and pyuria were significantly higher in serious bacterial infection cases (p value <0.05). Thrombocytosis alone had the sensitivity of only 53.5%, but had specificity of 90.9%. Elevated C-reactive protein had the best sensitivity (81.4%). Combination of leukocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein, pyuria and thrombocytosis had better sensitivity (93.0%) than these parameters alone. The overall ability of platelet count to identify infants with SBI was only moderate (AUC: 0.722). Elevated C-reactive protein was found to have better ability to identify infants with serious bacterial infection (AUC: 0.846).Conclusions: Thrombocytosis is a common finding in young infants diagnosed with serious bacterial infection. It has however, moderate ability in identifying infants with serious bacterial infection. Combining thrombocytosis with elevated C-reactive protein, leukocytosis and pyuria has better sensitivity in diagnosing serious bacterial infection than these individual parameters alone. Hence, combining these parameters may help in early prediction of febrile young infants at risk of serious bacterial infection.Keywords: Febrile young infants; serious bacterial infection; thrombocytosis.

scholarly journals Beyond Metabolism: Role of the Immune System in Hepatic Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-164
Author(s):  
Kenneth L. Hastings ◽  
Martin D. Green ◽  
Bin Gao ◽  
Patricia E. Ganey ◽  
Robert A. Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Hepatic Toxicity ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Disease Spectrum

The liver is primarily thought of as a metabolic organ; however, the liver is also an important mediator of immunological functions. Key perspectives on this emerging topic were presented in a symposium at the 2018 annual meeting of the American College of Toxicology entitled “Beyond metabolism: Role of the immune system in hepatic toxicity.” Viral hepatitis is an important disease of the liver for which insufficient preventive vaccines exist. Host immune responses inadequately clear these viruses and often potentiate immunological inflammation that damages the liver. In addition, the liver is a key innate immune organ against bacterial infection. Hepatocytes and immune cells cooperatively control systemic and local bacterial infections. Conversely, bacterial infection can activate multiple types of immune cells and pathways to cause hepatocyte damage and liver injury. Finally, the immune system and specifically cytokines and drugs can interact in idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury. This rare disease can result in a disease spectrum that ranges from mild to acute liver failure. The immune system plays a role in this disease spectrum.

scholarly journals Serum procacitonin as a diagnostic marker of bacterial infection in febrile children

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1381
Author(s):  
Brindha K. ◽  
Kumar Manickam ◽  
Santhakumari Ulagaratchagan ◽  
Mohan Kumar ◽  
Sowmya Sampath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Better Than

Background: Early and accurate diagnosis of bacterial infections in children is important as the outcome is dependent on it. Various tests and biomarkers have been used for this among which serum procalcitonin shows a lot of promise. The aim of the study was to determine the role of serum procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker of bacterial infection in febrile children.Methods: All acutely febrile children between 6 months to 12 years of age were enrolled in this prospective study. The efficacy of procalcitonin (PCT), highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs CRP) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in diagnosing bacterial infections was compared.Results: Among the three parameters, PCT has the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) (O.755), followed by CRP (AUC 0.717) and ANC (AUC 0.628).Conclusions: In summary, our study showed that PCT performs better than hs CRP and ANC in detecting bacterial infection in febrile children. 

scholarly journals Differential diagnosis between bacterial infection and neoplastic fever in patients with advanced urological cancer: The role of procalcitonin

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yaegashi ◽  
Kouji Izumi ◽  
Yasuhide Kitagawa ◽  
Yoshifumi Kadono ◽  
Hiroyuki Konaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Urological Cancer ◽  
Neoplastic Fever

scholarly journals Involvement of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Controlling Chlamydiapneumoniae Growth in Epithelial HEp-2 Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 3645-3647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Yamaguchi ◽  
Herman Friedman ◽  
Yoshimasa Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) play an essential role in neurotransmission. Recent studies have indicated that nAChRs may be involved in the regulation of some bacterial infections through immunological mechanisms in macrophages. However, the regulation of infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae, which is a ubiquitous pneumonia-causing bacterium, by an nAChR-mediated mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, it was found that stimulation of nAChRs with ligands such as nicotine and acetylcholine altered the growth of C. pneumoniae in epithelial HEp-2 cells. Thus, the results revealed a possible pathophysiological role of nAChRs in the regulation of intracellular bacterial infection.

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