scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Economic Farming Activity of Farmers Rice-Livestock Integrated Farming System (RLIFS) and Non RLIFS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
L Lindawati ◽  
Mhd. Buhari Sibuea ◽  
Desi Novita ◽  
Muhammad Ilham Riyadh ◽  
Abdurrozzaq Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
The Cost

Integrated farming system is a system that emphasized linkages and synergism of farming units waste utilization. The objective of this study was to analyze  the economic farming activity of Rice Livestock Integrated Farming System (RLIFS) and non RLIFS farmers. The results showed the usage allocation of family and external labor to RLIFS farmers was relatively greater than non RLIFS farmers. The RLIFS farmers’ income of rice farming, other crops and non-agricultural was relatively larger than non RLIFS  farmers, while non RLIFS farmers had greater income from livestock (cow and non cow) business and farm labor. The production costs of rice farming and livestock business were still greater in RLIFS farmers although they used manure produced by their own and also provide straw of rice production as animal feed. This was due to several factors (1) The proportion of the cost of using manure was very small in the cost of rice farming if the use of manure only a supporting fertilizer and not the main fertilizer for plant. (2) Some farmers were still buying and using anorganic or chemical fertilizers because of their mindset who wanted fast and instantaneous ones. Some farmers also felt that manure contained less nutrients so they used it in small quantities. The household income total of RLIFS farmers was higher than non RLIFS farmers.  

scholarly journals THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ECO-TECHNO FARMING SYSTEM TO INCREASE FARMER’S INCOME AND REDUCE GREEN HOUSE GASES EMISSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-125
Author(s):  
Sri Arnita Abu Tani
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Crop Waste ◽  
The Cost

PKM Program in Kajanglako Farming Group, Pudak Village in Kumpeh Ulu District is not only to produce farmers with independent character and entrepreneur spirit, but also to enable them in saving the environment as well as to increase their income. It has been known that beef cattle’s farming business system always been conducted in a traditional way without any kind of technology creation in waste utilization either in solid or liquid waste. Likewise, the farming business of food crops such as sweet corn (Zea Mays L. Saccarata) or the rice plant always been depending toward the subsidiary fertilizer which the availability of the product is not continuous, the cost has been increasing and affecting the production cost spent by the farmers. By the factors mentioned, it is affecting the business productivity carried by the farmers will not be optimum, greenhouse gases emission like N2O, CH4 dan CO2 are also increasing due to accumulation of beef cattle's solid and liquid waste and intensive use of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, there is a need to implement eco techno  farming system to increase the income and to reduce the greenhouse gases (GHG). Methods that has been used in this system implementation conducted in several activities, like (1) processed beef cattle’s solid and liquid waste into many formulas by adding various waste such as banana stem waste, forage feed leftover, and paddy straw (2) processed beef cattle’s liquid waste into liquid organic fertilizer and Biourine Empon-Empon Extract (3) processed food crop waste into Molasses Probiotic Silage which could be used as a supplement feed for cattle. All of these activities were carried out through outreach and direct application in the field. Various processed waste products such as solid waste and liquid waste beef cattle and crop waste could reduce production costs, and could be a business opportunity to increase revenue and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG).

Enhancement in productivity and income sustainability through Integrated farming system approaches for small and marginal farmers of Eastern India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SANJEEV KUMAR ◽  
SHIVANI . ◽  
S. K. SAMAL ◽  
S. K. DWIVEDI ◽  
MANIBHUSHAN .
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Net Income ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Systems Models ◽  
The Cost

Integration of different components viz. livestock, fishery, horticulture, mushroom etc. along with field crops not only enhanced productivity but by-products (waste) of one component act as input for another component through resource recycling within the system. Six integrated farming systems models with suitable combinations of Crop, vegetables, fruit trees, fish, livestock, mushroom etc. were made and evaluated at the experimental farm of ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna during 2012-16 for harness maximum income, nutrient recycling and employment. Among six combinations, crop + fish + duck + goat resulted as most profitable combination in terms of productivity (RGEY- 22.2t), net income (Rs. 2,15,900/ha), additional employment (170 days/year) with income sustainability index (ISI) by 90.2. Upon nutrient recycling prepared from different wastes from the system Crop + fish + duck + goat combination added N (56.5 kg), P (39.6 kg) and K (42.7 kg) into the soil and reduced the cost of cultivation by 24 percent and was followed by crop + fish + goat combination. Crops grown under IFS mode with different types of manures produced 31 percent higher yield over conventional rice- wheat system. The contribution of crops towards the system productivity ranged from 36.4 to 56.2 %, while fish ranged from 22.0-33.5 %; for goat 25.4-32.9 %; for poultry 38.7 %; for duck 22.0-29.0 %; for cattle 32.2% and for mushroom 10.3 %.

scholarly journals Development of Integrated Farming Businesses Based on Zero Waste Agriculture in Parigi Moutong Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Burhanuddin Nasir ◽  
Irwan Lakani ◽  
Najamudin Najamudin ◽  
Sitti Sabariyah ◽  
Sri Anjar Lasmini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Regional Partnership

Zero waste agriculture is an agricultural concept oriented around the decomposition cycle of organic materials which integrates agricultural and livestock systems to reprocess waste material. Agricultural waste is used as animal feed while livestock waste/excrement is reprocessed into organic fertilizers. The Regional Partnership Service Program (PKW) aims to assist farmers in developing integrated farming businesses based around zero waste agriculture. PKW was held between May and July 2021 in Tindaki Village, South Parigi District, Parigi Moutong Regency. The implementation of this regional partnership program was carried out through a Participatory Action Programs approach, where partners are directly involved in the adoption and application of the various skills that had been developed. The procedure for activity implementation was carried out through several stages, namely: (a) counseling on zero waste agriculture, (b) training in and application of zero waste agriculture technology in the form of demonstration plots for the application of technological products, (c) coaching and mentoring, and (d) the utilization stage of technology product. The findings from the implementation concluded that the agricultural development training based on zero waste agriculture was a success, and the technology had been adopted by the community, marked by the ability to make and develop compost and liquid organic bio-urine fertilizers. Both types of organic fertilizers had been applied in the demonstration plots to assess their effectiveness in reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers. Rice production is equivalent to 5.6 tons/ha and 6 tons/ha in conventional land. These results show potential benefits for farmers, particularly regarding lower production costs compared to the usage of conventional land. Zero waste agriculture is a method of farming and livestock raising that utilizes their waste products for energy production.

scholarly journals Coconut based integrated farming: A climate-smart model for food security and economic prosperity

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
B. Sudha ◽  
Jacob John ◽  
A. V. Meera ◽  
A. Sajeena ◽  
D. Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Farming System ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Surplus Production ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Marginal Farmer ◽  
Kerala State ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

A coconut-based integrated farming system (IFS) model suited for lowlands was developed at the Integrated Farming System Research Station (IFSRS), Karamana, Kerala State, India, under Kerala Agricultural University. The area of the model was decided as 0.2 ha, matching the average per capita land availability of a marginal farmer in the State. Apart from the major crop coconut, intercrops, such as vegetables, fruit crops, spices, fodder and tuber crops were included in the model. The allied enterprises integrated were livestock, azolla, and agroforestry. Tree components of the model comprised of teak, jack, breadfruit, garcinia and mango. Research data for five years revealed that the model generated food products above the requirement of a four-member family, and the surplus production could contribute to farmer’s income. The productivity under the IFS model was enhanced ten-folds compared to that under the sole crop of coconut for the same area. Plant nutrients were generated within the farm through organic recycling, which contributed to the substantial saving of chemical fertilizers. The system was found climate-smart because of reduced use of chemical fertilizers and net negative emission of greenhouse gases mostly achieved through agroforestry. This IFS model could also ensure considerable employment generation. The model could be adopted by farmers of lowland tracts of Kerala having similar agro-climatic features for better economic returns and environmental benefits.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Analysis of Alternative Farming Systems in Improving Livelihood Security of Small Farmers in Selected Areas of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadika Sharmin ◽  
M. Serajul Islam ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Livelihood Security ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Alternative Farming

The present study attempted to determine the economic returns of alternative farming system of integrated farming aiming to address the livelihood security of small farm households. One hundred and sixty small and medium farmers practicing in four different FS such as Crop-Poultry (C-P), Crop-Poultry-Pond fisheries (C-P-F), Crop-Livestock-Poultry (C-L-P) and Crop-Livestock-Poultry-Pond fisheries (C-L-P-F) were selected from Mymensingh, Jamalpur and Sherpur district. The main information collected were socio-demographic characteristics of farm households, household income from farm and non-farm sources, size of land holding and farming system followed, livestock and poultry rearing and pond fish culture, and effect of integrated farming on household income and livelihood security of small farm households. Data were collected covering one production period during 2009-2010. For estimating farm income of small farm household, whole farm approach was considered. Increased number of farm enterprises caused higher farm income. However, considering the small farm practices and whole farm approach, the farm income as well as net return was higher for C-L-P-F farmers (Tk. 57002), followed by C-L-P (Tk. 52978), C-P-F (Tk. 20447) and C-P (Tk. 13734) farmers. Some of the most commonly used factors in the assessment of livelihood security included those related to household income and expenditure, expenditure spent on food, adequacy of food taken, household structure and facilities, owning household assets, and access to drinking water and sanitation, and other basic needs of farm household. All these socioeconomic factors were found to be related livelihood security of small farmers in Bangladesh. Women were more involved in income earning activities and household decision making with the introduction of integrated farming in small farm condition.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i1.11065The Agriculturists 2012; 10(1): 51-63

scholarly journals The Excellence of Cocoa-Goat Integrated Farming in the Implementation of Zero Waste Concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Ihda Fitriyah ◽  
Yuli Hariyati
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Significant Difference

The problem for farmers in Suruh Village is having two types of farming which are cacao-goat integrated system farmer and cacao-goat non-integrated system farmer. Cacao-goat integrated system conducts cacao farming with goat livestock while for the cacao-goat non-integrated system does not conduct goat livestock. Farmer's interest is different in conducting cacao farming system. The aim of cacao-goat integration system is obtaining manure as organic fertilizer by the expectation to save fertilization cost so that farmer's income with the cacao-goat integrated farming system will be different with non-integrated one because seen from the maintenance cost because of manure. In this study, we dig pattern analysis information of the cacao-goat integrated farming system to find out cacao-goat integrated system and income difference of cacao-goat integrated and non-integrated systems so that it aims to find out the pattern difference of cacao-goat integration farming The research result shows that cacao-goat integrated system by the utilization of cacao waste (bark, leaf), intercropped plant (avocado, cassava, stink beans) as the animal feed of goat). Goat livestock produces feces that can be used as cacao compost fertilizer after 12 months of fermentation. The average income of the cocoa-goat non-integration farmer is USD 1,184.91/Ha/Year, while for the cocoa-goat non-integration farmer has the average income of USD 854,673/Ha/Year. There is a significant difference between cacao-goat integrated farming income and cacao-goat non-integrated farming income.

scholarly journals KAJIAN USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DENGAN PAKET TEKNOLOGI GOOD AGRICULTURE PRACTICES

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Sortha Simatupang ◽  
Tumpal Sipahutar ◽  
Andriko Noto Sutanto
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Gap Technology ◽  
The Cost ◽  
On Farm ◽  
North Sumatra

<p>Shallot Farming With Good Agriculture Practices Technology Package. The productivity of shallot at the farmer level in Dolok Silau Sub district, North Sumatera Province is still low that is 4-5.25 ton/ha. The area of shallot cultivation in North Sumatra continues to decrease, because the selling price of tubers often harms the farmers. This study aimed to determine the increase shallot productivity using Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) technology package. This assessment was an adaptive research in a farming system perspective with On Farm Client Oriented Adaptive Research (OFCOAR) approach. The assessment was carried out in three farmer groups in Sarang Padang Village, Dolok Silau Sub-district, North Sumatera Province, 2016. The total area of shallot farming was 1500 m2 . The GAP technology package increased production costs per hectare, but the cost of shallot production per kg became cheaper, equal to (58%) of the farmer's technological costs. B/C of GAP package was 3.21 or this value was higher than the farmer technology package by 0.60. The addition of one unit of production cost to the GAP technology package could increase revenue by 7.29 times the revenues earned by the usual technology applied by farmers. The analysis of competitive advantage showed that the minimum selling price of shallot was 6,844.9 IDR/kg. Farmers still gain a competitive advantage from shallot farming activities at production rate of 17 ton/ha with the application of GAP technology.</p><p>Keywords: shallot, package technology, GAP, production cost, revenue </p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Produktivitas bawang merah di tingkat petani di Kecamatan Dolok Silau, Provinsi Sumatera Utara masih rendah yaitu 4-5,25 ton/ha. Luas pertanaman bawang merah di Sumatera Utara terus berkurang, karena harga jual umbi yang sering merugikan petani. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan produktivitas bawang merah menggunakan paket teknologi Good Agriculture Practices (GAP). Pengkajian ini merupakan penelitian adaptif dalam perspektif sistem usahatani dengan pendekatan On Farm Client Oriented Adaptive Research (OFCOAR). Pengkajian dilaksanakan pada tiga kelompok tani di Desa Sarang Padang, Kecamatan Dolok Silau, Sumatera Utara, 2016. Luasan pertanaman bawang merah masing-masing kelompok tani 1500 m2 . Paket teknologi GAP tersebut meningkatkan biaya<br />produksi per hektar, tetapi biaya produksi bawang merah per kg menjadi lebih murah sebesar (58%) dari biaya teknologi petani. B/C paket GAP sebesar 3,21 atau nilai ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan paket teknologi petani sebesar 0,60. Penambahan satu satuan biaya produksi pada paket teknologi GAP dapat meningkatkan pendapatan sebesar 7,29 kali dari pendapatan yang diperoleh dengan teknologi yang biasa diterapkan petani. Analisis keuntungan kompetitif menunjukkan bahwa harga jual minimal bawang merah sebesar Rp6.844,9/kg. Petani masih memperoleh keuntungan kompetitif dari kegiatan usahatani bawang merah pada tingkat produksi 17 ton/ha dengan penerapan teknologi GAP.</p><p>Kata kunci: bawang merah, paket teknologi, GAP, biaya produksi, keuntungan</p>

scholarly journals Income analysis of integrated farming system of dairy cow breeding farm, earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus), and citrus sinensis Valencia farm. Case study in Dau District, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia

2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 00049
Author(s):  
Puji Akhiroh ◽  
Hermanto ◽  
Galih Purboningrum ◽  
Mentari Bertha Septina Sase ◽  
Rizki Prafitri
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Lumbricus Rubellus ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Sustainable Farming ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Citrus Farming

The integrated farming system between dairy cow breeding, earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus), and citrus (Citrus sinensis valencia) plantations provides regular income for farmers and sustainable farming. This research aims to analyze farmers’ income based on the integrated farming system that has been done on these three commodities. This study utilized quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze data. Data were collected through questionnaires to 15 farmers who are members of Gading Kulon Farmer Group in Dau District, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia followed by in-depth interviews with key respondents. The study showed that dairy cow breeding provided annual income which contributed up to 58% of household income. Meanwhile, earthworm farming provides weekly income and twice a year income for citrus farming. Depending on the land area, Earthworms farming contributed up to 10% of household income, and citrus plantation was 33%, depending on the land area owned by farmers. The average income of Dairy cow breeding was Rp. 163,308,000 per year; the Average Income of earthworms was Rp. 27,058,000 per year, and the average income of citrus plants was 92,480,000 per year. However, integrated farming of these commodities does not work well in the community due to farmers’ lack of land and capital. Moreover, most respondents indicated that they were interested only in citrus farming because it is easier compared to dairy cow breeding and earthworm farming. Good cooperation from various parties is needed to increase the importance of integrated farming with these three commodities for sustainable farming in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Study the economics of crop-livestock integrated farming system: A study of Hadoti Region of Rajasthan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Avdhesh Sharma ◽  
P. S. Badal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Livestock Farming Systems ◽  
System A ◽  
Integrated Farming ◽  
Gross Income ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Livestock Rearing

An integrated Farming system is the basic need of today. A survey of farmers was conducted in 2020-21 covering the Kota, Bundi, Baran, and Jhalawar districts of southern Rajasthan. Crop-livestock farming systems were adopted by most of the farmers in the study area. Cereals, legumes, and oilseed were the major crops that were sown. The farmer of this region (Hadoti) practiced livestock rearing along with crop cultivation which had significant contributions as their primary source of income. The gross income per hectare from Soybean, black gram, wheat, and gram was Rs. 34,645.23, Rs. 28,150.61, Rs. 64268.78 and Rs. 47543.00, respectively. The cost was calculated using the Cost concept as suggested by CACP. Using livestock as one more enterprise farmers’ was able to generate higher profit shown in the study. B:C ratio for IFS was 1.3 which was a good sign for the farming enterprise.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHATANI TERPADU PADI – ITIK DI KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Nenny Wahyuni ◽  
Nila Suryati
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Integrated Farming

ABSTRACTIntegrated rice-duck farming is one of integral farming pattern used to increase farmer’s household income.  This integral farming pattern has been developed in many contries such as Japan and Philippines. Rice farming pattern integrated with duck poultry gives farmers chance to gain multiple crops, not only paddy but also duck meat and egg. The purpose of this research were to analyze the financial feasibility of integrated rice-duck farming pattern. Outcome of this research were development model of integrated farming between rice farming and duck poultry which feasible to run. Hopefully this research can motivate farmers to gain more product from one field in order to increase farmer’s household income. The methode used in this research is survey methode. Respondences are choosed by purposive sampling methode from farmers who integrate rice farming with duck poultry. By this methode 10 respondences are selected. The result of this research shows that integrated rice-duck farming pattern are profitable with benefit reach Rp36.713.000,- per years.  Integrated rice-duck farming pattern are feasible with NPV Rp99.964.397,- at discount rate 12%; Net B/C 3,26; IRR 80%; and PP 1,18.ABSTRAK Usahatani terpadu Padi-itik merupakan salah satu pola usahatani yang bisa dilakukan untuk meningkatan pendapatan rumahtangga petani. Pola usahatani terpadu ini telah dikembangkan di beberapa negara seperti Jepang dan Filipina. Usahatani terpadu antara ternak itik dan tanaman padi memungkinkan petani memperoleh hasil panen yang lebih beragam,  tidak hanya padi tetapi petani juga bisa memperoleh daging itik dan telur itik sekaligus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kelayakan usahatani terpadu antara tanaman padi dan ternak itik secara finansial. Luaran penelitian ini adalah model pengembangan pertanian campuran antara padi dan itik yang layak diusahakan secara finansial.  Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi motivasi bagi petani padi sawah untuk mendiversifikasi lahan sawahnya sehingga diperoleh produk pertanian yang beranekaragam dari suatu areal yang sama sebagai upaya peningkatan pendapatan rumahtangga petani. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Penentuan responden dilakukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling) dengan kriteria petani padi sawah yang memiliki ternak itik.  Melalui metode tersebut dipilih 10 orang responden petani padi sawah yang juga beternak itik di Kecamatan Tugumulyo Kabupaten Musi Rawas.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan usahatani terpadu padi-itik menguntungkan dengan keuntungan mencapai Rp36.713.000,- per tahun.  Usahatani terpadu padi-itik layak diusahakan dengan nilai NPV Rp99.964.397,- pada discount rate 12%; Net B/C 3,26; IRR 80%; dan PP 1,18 tahun.

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