scholarly journals Exploring Housing Governance in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.21) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Chai Teng Teoh ◽  
Abdul Lateef Olanrewaju ◽  
Seong Yeow Tan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Housing Industry ◽  
The Government

Malaysia, in this era of increasing globalisation and rapid pace of urbanisation coupled with socioeconomic inefficiency, is suffering from severe housing problems – most notably affordable housing crisis. Though several prescribed measures in terms of incentives, policies and schemes attempting to alleviate the affordable housing crisis has been implemented, so far the result has proven to be insignificant. With the housing industry today becoming ever more complex, fragmented and involved by an ever increasing number of heterogeneous stakeholders, thereby it is not applicable for the government to have a one-sided decision making power on housing and other related policies. As such, the ‘governance’ approach, which ably brings together both public and private housing stakeholders into a collective body of decision-making and actions, has been deemed as a prerequisite for dealing with the Malaysian housing dilemma. There has been much discussion about bringing governance into urban development, land delivery, construction projects or other related services to bring about positive effects. However, the housing industry in Malaysia, particularly in the affordable segment, has not adopted this approach to the same extent. In order to remedy this issue, this study aims to develop housing governance for the Malaysian affordable housing industry. This paper reports part of the study in achieving the mentioned aim by literature reviewing factors involved that negatively influence the Malaysian affordable housing delivery. It was identified that there are 65 indicators, classified into financial factors, policy and regulatory factors, administrative factors and knowledge factors that constrains the Malaysia affordable housing delivery.   

Establishing Integration Process during Engineering Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 58-60 ◽  
pp. 848-853
Author(s):  
Kuan Pei Lee ◽  
Andrew S. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Traditional Design ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Construction

This study proposed an integration process to incorporate sustainability issues into engineering design for construction projects. To facilitate use by engineers, the integration process was built on the traditional design process. Design work is the foundation for the integration process. Because engineers are familiar with design work and processes, the linkage between the eight design steps and six integration steps make the integration more concrete. The study results show that the integration process can help participants to incorporate sustainability issues, communicate with stakeholders, and achieve consensus, if followed rigorously. The integration steps, such as creation of the integration team and evaluation of alternatives, are similar to the elements dealt with in environmental impact assessment. Since sustainability integration is actually a decision-making and execution process, its management should have the attention of the government, construction owner, and integration team.

scholarly journals The Role of Collaboration and Integration in the Supply Chain of Construction Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1300-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fazal Ali Shaikh ◽  
Muhammad Saeed Shahbaz ◽  
Saad Ud Din ◽  
Nasurullah Odhano
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Supply Chain Collaboration ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Supplier Integration ◽  
The Government ◽  
Internal Integration

It has found that the construction sector of Pakistan is growing fast due to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor but history shows that construction projects never achieves its targets. The literature revealed the major hurdles behind the construction is supply chain issues. Supply chain of construction is deficient due to lack of collaboration and integration. The aim of this study is the empirically verify the role of supply chain collaboration (information sharing, Joint decision making, and risk and reward sharing) and supply chain integration (supplier integration, internal integration, and customer integration) with performance. This is a quantitative study, a total of 350 questionnaires were distributed to registered construction firms with Pakistan Engineering Council and 221 were received and considered for analysis after purification, validity and reliability. Multiple-regression technique was applied through SPSS. This study has unique findings as all integration approaches have significant effects while collaboration is not working for the same industry. This proves that members of supply chain construction can get benefit from integration but they hesitate to share their risks, rewards, and planning to all stakeholders. This study will help managers in decision making. This study will also help the government of Pakistan and China in completing their construction projects in time and with the designated cost.

scholarly journals The housing crisis in Australia and New Zealand: A comparative analysis through policy lenses

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-223
Author(s):  
Don Amila Sajeevan Samarasinghe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

Housing affordability is a prominent issue across the world. There is a growing concern that the number of people experiencing homelessness is rapidly increasing. As a solution, many countries, including Australia and New Zealand, have introduced housing policies aimed at providing affordable houses to low-to-medium income families. Over recent years, several affordable housing policies have been introduced in both Australia and New Zealand, including public housing initiatives, rental subsidies, accommodation supplements, state housing programmes and the provision of social housing. New Zealand launched the KiwiBuild programme in 2018 to increase housing affordability. Unfortunately, in 2019, KiwiBuild was unable to deliver its targeted primary objectives set by the Government. This study features a comparative analysis, primarily focusing on comparing and contrasting affordable housing policies in Australia and New Zealand. Subsequently, it discusses the reasons why the KiwiBuild programme failed. It makes recommendations based on policies used in Australia with a view to improving affordable housing policies in New Zealand. This research contributes and adds to the existing body of knowledge about affordable housing policies in both Australia and New Zealand. The recommendations will be helpful for future researchers who wish to develop workable policies to assist with affordable housing-related issues in New Zealand.

scholarly journals Risk Attributes, Influencing the Time and Cost Overrun in Joint Venture Construction Projects of Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3260-3264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Akhund ◽  
A. R. Khoso ◽  
A. A. Pathan ◽  
H. U. Imad ◽  
F. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Construction Firms ◽  
Construction Joint ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The Government ◽  
Global And Local

Business collaborations formed by construction contractors to enhance their abilities and effectiveness in large construction projects are known as construction joint ventures (CJVs). It is widely used as a way of merging assets, capitals, funds, resources and expertise of different organizations. It helps business to grow faster, increase efficiency and generate greater profits without borrowing money. Though it is useful and beneficent for the vendors, it may contain several types of risk. It is both beneficial and stimulating due to differing technical skills, economic and political atmospheres, and cultural and legal backgrounds. Recent development and modernization in Pakistan have led it towards a new construction phase, which involves national and multinational joint venture projects. Global and local CJVs have become gradually prevalent to produce mega construction projects. Current research aims to investigate and to identify the communal, ecological, political, legal, economic and other external risks associated with CJV projects in Pakistan. The study was carried out by literature review and a few national and international guidelines. Interviews were conducted with relevant professionals, experts, and owners of the organizations working on CJV projects. Data was collected in the form of a questionnaire from relevant professionals. The descriptive analysis was performed through SPSS using average index (A.I) technique. This study is helpful for the Government of Pakistan, public and private construction firms working under JV to reduce the emerging risks of construction projects.

scholarly journals Women in Indian Public Administration: Prospects and Challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
V S Beniwal ◽  
Bulbul Dhar James
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Female Officer ◽  
Administrative Service ◽  
The Government

To achieve equitable development in society gender equity in civil service is sine qua non. It is crucial that the structures of authority, decision making and implementation should be modified to provide access and equity to all segments of society including women. But ironically, women inhabit only 20% of decision-making places in public and private realm. Further, worldwide their visibility is merely 1-5% at apex positions in organisations. Alike, Indian Civil Service (ICS) was manned exclusively by men before 1947. Since Independence, women have been permitted to ender in the public sector including All-India Services. AIS Rules, 1954 entitled the government to demand the resignation of a female officer after marriage on ground of efficiency notwithstanding the Constitutional parity. 1972 gender parity was introduced in the most prestigious services. Nevertheless, the percentage of women in the services is abysmally low. In 2015 women were merely 12 percent and 6.4 percent in Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and Indian Police Service (IPS) respectively. Further, analysis unambiguously exposes that women are confined mainly in the sectors that foster prevailing gender stereotypes of their innateness province of bear, rear and nurture. The proposed study probes gender equity in Indian civil services in general and AIS – IAS and IPS in particular. The study reveals that women are underrepresented in IAS in general and managerial/executive position(s) in particular. Mainly three layers of hurdles are stifling their participation in these services e.g. personal factors, organizational factors and institutional and cultural factors. 

What is determining affordable housing shortages in the Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia?

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-81
Author(s):  
Abdul Lateef Olanrewaju ◽  
Arazi Idrus
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Housing Shortages ◽  
Housing Industry ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of the affordable housing shortage in the Greater Kuala Lumpur from the suppliers’ perspectives. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were collected through a cross-sectional survey questionnaire comprising 21 determinants and 111 experts in the housing industry. Findings The affordable housing shortages are consequences of regulations and policies on land allocations, building materials and the affordable housing market. The government should provide more lands to the developers or the government should directly build affordable housing on their lands. To lower the cost of construction, the government should reduce the importation tax and procedures, and the housing industry should find alternative building materials. Originality/value Theoretically, the research provided fresh insights into the causes of housing shortages and reasons for the increase in housing prices. The results will be useful to policymakers towards affordable housing delivery and to the developers and contractors on measures to increase profit margins and increase housing supply.

Unfair Housing

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-54
Author(s):  
Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Inadequate Housing ◽  
The Great Migration ◽  
The Government

The Great Migration saw millions of African Americans move from rural areas to cities between the 1940s and 1970s. The existence of segregated housing meant that African Americans were forced into the most impoverished residences. In the 50s and 60s, the government implemented urban renewal projects in which inadequate housing was destroyed. Subsequently, private land developers were supposed to purchase heavily subsidized land and build affordable housing for those displaced by the demolitions. Instead, land developers built housing and shopping areas for middle class clientele. Ultimately, more affordable housing was destroyed than was built, further contributing to the urban housing crisis. After the push to provide more housing for African Americans living in cities, the FHA and private companies saw an opportunity to increase profits. They knew that maintaining segregation would ultimately benefit the housing industry and in turn, the economy at large. They also realized expanding housing opportunities for African Americans would do the same. Overall, the FHA and private companies enacted practices that kept entry into White suburbs difficult for African Americans, which increased the ability to financially exploit African Americans looking for better housing.

The Business of the Urban Housing Crisis

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-92
Author(s):  
Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Fair Housing ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

By the 1970s, the sustained vacation of cities by White Americans shrunk the tax base needed to improve urban housing. Additionally, funding for domestic programs was compromised by the cost of the Vietnam War. The strain for resources lead to the private-public partnerships that characterized the response to urban poverty in the mid-twentieth century. The Joint Committee on Urban Problems (JCUP) was formed by several insurance companies. The JCUP provided funding for several urban development programs. The private sector had a demonstrated interest in profit and not racial integration, which would have been a natural by-product of fair housing. Ultimately, the JCUP and other private companies reinforced segregation and exploited Black potential-home owners. The author suggests that had companies been willing to build affordable housing in White suburbs and the government more rigorously enforced fair housing laws, the urban housing crisis could have improved.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-280
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Military History ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
British Government ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Grain Trade ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level ◽  
Political Economic

The conclusion reviews the previous chapters as a case study in high-level policymaking under pressure. Globalization, the internationalization of the grain trade, and the outbreak of war confronted the British government with conjoined political–economic and military–diplomatic problems, which it had no good options to solve. The complexity of the challenges confronting the government render simplified narratives of its decision-making inaccurate and of doubtful utility as a model. This argument has important methodological implications for students of grand strategy and military history: the former requires as much attention to military as to civilian perspectives and the latter demands better economic literacy. Both require rigorous archival research in civilian and military, public and private records, as well as a willingness to engage the past with a high level of precision.

Housing Policies: The Experiences and Constraints of Housing Industry in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 416-434
Author(s):  
Sunday Ojonugwa Ameh ◽  
Benjamin Thomas Osafo
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Theoretical Orientation ◽  
Price Mechanism ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Housing Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Ghana housing policies in the pre- and post- independence have not been consistent and sustainable. Whiles the colonial government adopted self-help projects and piloted research findings, policies after independence focused on social housing, affordable housing and Public Private Partnership (PPP) projects. The impact of these policies did not improve the performance of the main stakeholders in the housing industry, thereby resulting to inadequate houses in most communities in Ghana. The research sought to identify the main challenges encountered by stakeholders in relation to government housing policies. The study adopted the exploratory and thematic literature review to ascertain the experiences and constraints faced by the Housing Industry (HI) in Ghana in relation to Ghana Housing Policies (GHP). The principle of demand and supply which determine the price mechanism in the housing market constitutes the theoretical orientation of the study. As such, challenges created by the housing policies in Ghana were related to the factors of demand and supply, principle of price mechanism and experiences of the global world and well as increase in urban shelter deviant rate. A comprehensive analysis was undertaken to reveal key findings on the challenges of the individual stakeholders namely households, financial institutions, estate developers and government land sector agencies. It was realized that prices of houses in Ghana were high in relation to households’ incomes. And that, the loan requirements of mortgage institutions of payment of 30% deposit, 50% monthly mortgage and 10 years mortgage term were unbearable by most households. It was recommended that estate developers should undertake demand assessment of households and the government should implement sustainable policies, hence reduce urban shelter deviant rate.

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