scholarly journals The Experimental Design of Stone Columns' Modelling using Small-Scale Unit Cells: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.32) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Bahaa A. Almaliki ◽  
Mohamad R. Selamat
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Stone Column ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Scale Unit ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Cylindrical Tanks

This paper presents a review of the experimental design of the small-scale single stone column that adopts the unit cell concept. Materials and methods used in experiments along with their effects and implication have been appraised. The reviewed cases showed that clayey soils were often used to construct the host ground. Steel cylindrical tanks were used with diameters ranging from 15 to 60 cm and heights ranging from 20 to 120 cm. For such scale, the used stone size is 2 to 10 mm. Plates load test can be carried out on the entire tank or on the stone column. The load has been imposed at a constant settlement rate of 1 to 1.25 mm/min in order to simulate the stage immediately after construction. The review shows that remoulding and replacement have been often practised for the construction of the host ground and the stone column, respectively.  

scholarly journals Development of Biomagz Based on Local Wisdom on Biodiversity Material in High School

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
Rina Wahyuningsih ◽  
Sri Sukaesih ◽  
Endah Peniati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Student Assessment ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Learning Resources ◽  
Environmental Care ◽  
High Category ◽  
Post Test

This study aims to describe the types of learning resources used previously at SMA N 3 Salatiga, describe the feasibility of Biomagz Based on Local Wisdom, and test the effectiveness of Biomagz Based on Local Wisdom on learning outcomes and student’s environmental care attitude. The method used is research development (R & D). Products are validated by material and media validators, and revised before being tested. Small-scale trials (readability test) use 10 students from class X MIPA 1, while large-scale trials use class X MIPA 2 with the experimental design Pre-experimental Design with the type of Pre-test and Post-test One Group Design. The results of the study show the variety of learning resources used previously including biological, teacher, internet, biology books, and the environment around students. The Feasibility of Biomagz Based on Local Wisdom obtained an average score of 92.21% with very decent criteria. Large-scale trials with an average N-gain value 0.49 in the medium category, the average classical completeness is 85.29%, and the environment care attitude of students is based on the observation result of 92.9% with a high category and the result of the inter-student assessment is 86, 18% with a high category. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that Biomagz Based Local Wisdom is well worth and effective on learning outcomes and student’s environmental care attitude.

scholarly journals First results of pipe pile static load test in small laboratory scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 04038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Baca ◽  
Jaroslaw Rybak
Keyword(s):  
Static Load ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Laboratory ◽  
Static Load Test ◽  
First Results ◽  
Load Tests

Presented laboratory testing program of tubular steel piles is a part of a bigger research program which contained static load tests in full scale and numerical simulations of conducted research. The main goal of the research is to compare static load tests with different working conditions of a shaft. The presented small scale model tests are the last part of the research. The paper contains the testing methodology description and first results of model pile axial loading. The static load tests in a small laboratory scale were conducted in a container filled with uniformly compacted medium sand (MSa). The first results of the investigation are presented in this paper, with the comparison of two pile capacities obtained for different roughness of the pile shaft (skin friction). The results are presented as load-displacement curves obtained by means of the Brinch-Hansen 80% method.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of the proteins of soybeans roasted at a small-scale unit level in Africa as assessed using growing rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Luanga Ouédraogo ◽  
Etiennette Combe ◽  
Jean-Paul Lallès ◽  
René Toullec ◽  
Serge Trèche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Unit Level ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Scale Unit

scholarly journals Stone Columns - Determination of the soil improvement factor

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pivarč
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Stone Column ◽  
Liquefaction Potential ◽  
Improvement Factor ◽  
Consolidation Effect ◽  
Laboratory Models

Stone Columns - Determination of the soil improvement factorA stone column is one of the soil stabilizing methods that is used to increase strength, decrease the compressibility of soft and loose fine graded soils, accelerate a consolidation effect and reduce the liquefaction potential of soils. The columns consist of compacted gravel or crushed stone arranged by a vibrator. This paper deals with Priebe's theory (1976) on the design of an improvement factor, which belongs among the most used analytical methods and also describes the numerical and laboratory models of stone columns. The improvement factors calculated from numerical and laboratory models are compared with the improvement factors resulting from Priebe's theory.

EFFECT OF REPLACING CRUSHED STONE IN STONE COLUMNS BY WASTE MATERIAL ON SOIL IMPROVEMENT RATIO

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Mohammed Salim ◽  
Shatha Hasan ◽  
Kawther Al-Soudany
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Stone Column ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The University ◽  
Building Demolition

Many researchers’ studies have shown that stone column is the best material to use to improve the bearing capacity of clayey soils. There are millions of waste volumes resulting from daily human activities. This excess waste leads to disposal problems and also causes environmental contamination and health risks. Demolished concrete is such one waste material that is produced from building demolition in Baghdad, Iraq. This paper describes experimental work conducted at the University of Technology that was carried out to investigate the improved bearing capacity of soft clay using crushed stone, followed by replacing crushed stone with concrete waste with the same relative density and grain size. The replacement was carried using waste concrete with different percentages corresponding to 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The main conclusion drawn is that the bearing capacity increased to 119% by using crushed stone column, while the bearing capacity increased to 155% by using 100% of crushed concrete waste.

RAPID LOAD TESTING OF STONE COLUMNS TO AID DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS ON IMPROVED GROUND

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fahd Touma ◽  
Salah Sadek ◽  
Shadi Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Static Load ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Shallow Foundations ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Axial Compressive Force

Building Codes and best practice require load testing of embedded structural foundation elements to validate design and construction execution quality. This requirement is particularly challenging when associated with ground improvement schemes relying on granular reinforcing/stone columns. Stone columns present an economic solution for improving the bearing capacity of shallow foundations on soft soils. A novel impulse load test was developed and used to quantify the load-displacement response of shallow foundations supported on stone columns at a clay site. The device is referred to as the Rapid Plate Load Tester (RPLT) and is a modified version of the Axial Compressive Force Pulse test for deep foundations. In this paper, the comprehensive site investigation, stone columns construction, load testing procedure, and data analysis are described. Static and dynamic field tests were performed to target loads of 2000 kN and equivalent bearing pressures of 500kPa. The results obtained from the RPLT tests were used to derive equivalent static load settlement curves for footings on both the natural clay ground and improved ground and compared with the results obtained from the full-scale static load tests.

scholarly journals Stability analysis of roadway embankments supported by stone columns with the presence of water table under short-term and long-term conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 01013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaymaa Tareq Kadhim ◽  
Ziad Bashar Fouad
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Stone Column ◽  
Stability Factor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
The Stability

Use of stone column technique to improve soft foundation soils under roadway embankments has proven to increase the bearing capacity and reduce the potential settlement. The potential contribution of stone columns to the stability of roadway embankments against general (i.e. deep-seated) failure needs to be thoroughly investigated. Therefore, a two-dimensional finite difference model implemented by FLAC/SLOPE 7.0 software, was employed in this study to assess the stability of a roadway embankment fill built on a soft soil deposit improved by stone column technique. The stability factor of safety was obtained numerically under both short-term and long-term conditions with the presence of water table. Two methods were adopted to convert the three-dimensional model into plane strain condition: column wall and equivalent improved ground methods. The effect of various parameters was studied to evaluate their influence on the factor of safety against embankment instability. For instance, the column diameter, columns’ spacing, soft soil properties for short-term and long-term conditions, and the height and friction angle of the embankment fill. The results of this study are developed in several design charts.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Effect of Dimensional Characteristics of Stone Column on Load-Bearing Capacity and Consolidation Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Mohtasham ◽  
Mahdi Khodaparast
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Stone Columns ◽  
Stone Column ◽  
Rigid Foundation ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Soil Subsidence ◽  
Behavioural Model ◽  
Consolidation Time

One of the best methods for rehabilitating loos and soft soils is the application of stone columns. This method enhances the soil properties by increasing its load-bearing capacity, decreasing the soil subsidence, and accelerating the consolidation rate. In the present paper, numerical analysis of a stone column of 10 m in length into a clayey soil using ABAQUS software is presented. The stone column was modelled based on the concept of unit cell, i.e. a single stone column with the surrounding soil. In this respect, material of the stone column was modelled using the elastoplastic behavioural model of Mohr-Coulomb, while Cam Clay behavioural model was used for the surrounding clayey soil. Furthermore, throughout the analyses performed in this study, effects of different parameters (e.g. applied load on rigid foundation, and the stone column length and diameter) on the subsidence and consolidation time of the rigid foundation were examined. The results indicated that, construction of a stone column into clayey soil decreases the subsidence and consolidation time of the soil considerably. In additions, increases in length and diameter of the stone column were found to significantly contribute to reduced subsidence and consolidation time of soil.

GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS OF FOUNDATION INVESTIGATIONS FOR PRODUCTION PLATFORMS AT NORTH RANKIN

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
R.W. King
Keyword(s):  
Load Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Foundation Design ◽  
The North ◽  
Limited Experience ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Petroleum Development ◽  
First Time

Production platforms required for the development of the North Rankin gas/condensate field will be founded on deep deposits of loose to weakly cemented calcareous material of predominantly marine origin. Although the data base for foundation design in these materials is extremely limited, experience has shown that calcareous sediments exhibit unusual engineering characteristics and that in situ load tests appear to be the most reliable indicator of soil-bearing potential.The foundation investigations performed at North Rankin, in 1978, integrated conventional soil sampling techniques with cone penetrometer testing (CPT), which is a small-scale load test that provides a semicontinuous profile of soil resistance. This being the first time that CPT had been used extensively in calcareous sediments, a series of innovative prototype in situ load tests were performed to provide data for calibration of the core resistance profile.A modified carbonate classification system was introduced into the programme and, together with detailed geological analysis of specimens, it provided an insight into subtle variations in lithology and cementation throughout the profile.These new developments and the comprehensive nature of the investigation produced a large amount of data that are relevant to other locations where similar sediments exist.As a result of these investigations and subsequent studies, Woodside Petroleum Development has been able to progress confidently in the definition of a suitable foundation system and the design of the North Rankin platforms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document