scholarly journals PO-191 The effect of hypoxic training at different simulated altitude on the antioxidant activity mediated by Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixiu Ji ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simulated Altitude ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Hypoxic Training ◽  
Nrf2 Protein

Objective It is generally believed that the long-term hypoxic training could impact oxidation resistance. Nrf2-Keapl signaling pathway is a key pathway of cell oxidative stress reaction. This research attempts to investigate the role and mechanism of Nrf2 in oxidation resistance to hypoxic training of different oxygen concentration. Methods Part one, 8-week-old Nrf2 knockout mice and wild type mice were divided into normoxic control group (NC), simulated altitude of 3500m hypoxic training group (3500HT) and simulated altitude of 5000m hypoxic training group (5000HT) randomly and respectively. The mice run on treadmill in speed of 12 m/min, 1h/day, 6day/week, for 4 weeks. Oxygen concentration in hypoxia was 13.3% and 10%. Mice were treated for 4 weeks, 8h/day. 48 h after the last training, the mice were sacrificed and skeletal muscles of legs were collected. Western Blot tested Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme protein. Antioxidant enzymes mRNA were tested by RT-PCR. High quality fluorescence measurement was used to test ROS levels in skeletal muscle. Part two, The 30 C57BL/6J mice were divided into three groups: control group (WC), hypoxia group (WH), hypoxic training group (WHT). The hypoxic training arrangement was same as before. After both the interventions, the mice were sacrificed and collected skeletal muscle of legs. The expression of Nrf2, Keap1 and p-Nrf2 were analyzed by western blot. High quality fluorescence assay was done to detect ROS level in skeletal muscle of mice. Results (1) Compared with the same type mice NC group, Nrf2 protein, the mRNA and protein of CAT, GPX-1, GCLm, the mRNA of SOD1, SOD2, HO-1 were increased in wild type mice 3500HT group. And the Nrf2 protein, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, SOD2, the mRNA of CAT, NQO-1, GCLc, GCLm mRNA, the protein of HO-1 were decreased, and the ROS levels was higher in wile type mice 5000HT group. The mRNA of CAT, HO-1 in Nrf2-KO mice 3500HT group were increased, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, the mRNA of SOD2, the protein of GCLc were decreased, but the GCLc mRNA was increased in Nrf2-KO mice 5000HT group. When compared with the same intervention wild type mice, the mRNA and protein of SOD1, GPX-1, SOD2, HO-1, the mRNA of CAT, NQO-1, GCLc, GCLm were decreased in Nrf2-KO mice 3500HT group. The mRNA of GCLm, NQO-1, the protein of GCLc, HO-1 were decreased, but the GCLc mRNA was increased. (2) Nrf2/Keap1 complex contents in mice skeletal muscle of WH and WHT groups were significantly increased compared with WC group respectively. The free Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle of WH、WHT groups were significantly reduced compared with WC group respectively. After both types of intervention, free Keap1 had no change nearly in skeletal muscle of mice. Compared with WC group, p-Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle of WH and WHT groups were significantly reduced. The ROS level in mice skeletal muscle of WHT group significantly increased compared with WC group mice. Conclusions: Hypoxia and hypoxia training three interventions could increase Nrf2/Keap1 combination in skeletal muscle of mice, reduce the volume of free Nrf2; Phosphorylation of Nrf2 in skeletal muscle of mice in hypoxia training group was significantly lower, which may be result in marked increase in ROS level. Conclusions (1) Hypoxic training could affect antioxidant activity via Nrf2 in mice skeletal muscle, which is connected with the oxygen concentration. (2) Moderate hypoxia training (at the altitude of 3500m) can promote the antioxidant activity via Nrf2. However, extremely hypoxic training (at the altitude of 5000m) can restrain the antioxidant activity via Nrf2 through the inhibition of Nrf2/Keap1 dissociation.  

scholarly journals The effect of 8 weeks endurance exercise on the content of total and phosphorylated AKT1, mTOR, P70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in skeletal muscle FHL of rats with type 2 diabetes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeedeh Shadmehri ◽  
Mohammad Sherafati Moghadam ◽  
Farhad Daryanoosh ◽  
Shiva Jahani Golbar ◽  
Nader Tanideh
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total P

Introduction: The mTOR pathway in skeletal muscle plays a very important role in the protein synthesis process, which plays a very important role in proteins. The role of endurance exercise has not yet been studied in this important pathway in protein synthesis in people with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks endurance training on the content of total and phosphorylated AKT1, mTOR, P70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in skeletal muscle FHL of rats with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this experimental study, 16 Sprague-Dawely male rats with average weight of 270±20 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control (n=8) and endurance training (n=8). The training group exercised according to the training program 4 days a week for 8 weeks. While the control group had no training program. T-test and SPSS V-19 were used to analyze the data. Results: There was not observed any significant difference in the content of total (P=0.58) and phosphorylated (P=0.33) AKT1, total (P=0.47) and phosphorylated (P=0.78) mTOR, total (P=0.24) and phosphorylated (P=0.12) P70S6K1 and total (P=0.45) and phosphorylated (P=0.48) 4E-BP1 proteins in the endurance training group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Endurance training for 8 weeks could not increase the total and phosphorylated content proteins of the present study; therefore, it cannot lead to protein synthesis or muscle hypertrophy through mTORC1 pathway.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Training of Peripheral Muscles Versus Respiratory Muscles in Older Adults With Sarcopenia Who are Institutionalized: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria À. Cebrià i Iranzo ◽  
Mercè Balasch-Bernat ◽  
María Á. Tortosa-Chuliá ◽  
Sebastià Balasch-Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Peripheral Muscle

This study compares the effects of two resistance training programs in peripheral and respiratory musculature on muscle mass and strength and physical performance and identifies the appropriate muscle mass parameter for assessing the intervention effects. Thirty-seven institutionalized older Spanish adults with sarcopenia were analyzed: control group (n = 17), respiratory muscle training group (n = 9), and peripheral muscle training group (n = 11). Measured outcomes were appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/height2, ASM/weight, and ASM/BMI), isometric knee extension, arm flexion and handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and gait speed pre- and postintervention. Trained groups participated in a 12-week program and improved in maximum static inspiratory pressure, maximum static expiratory pressure, knee extension, and arm flexion (p < .05), whereas nonsignificant changes were found in gait speed and ASM indexes pre- and postintervention in the three groups. In conclusion, resistance training improved skeletal muscle strength in the studied population, and any ASM index was found to be appropriate for detecting changes after physical interventions.

scholarly journals PO-152 The effects of 4 weeks training mediates apelin on the p-AMPK(Thr172)/AMPK ratio in skeletal muscle of mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tieying Li ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Sedentary Group ◽  
Injection Control

Objective To investigate the effects of 4 weeks aerobic exercise mediates apelin on the p-AMPK(Thr172)/AMPK ratio in skeletal muscle of mice. Methods The C57BL/6J wild type mice(n=40) were randomly divided into four groups: control group (WC), exercise group (WE), apelin injection control group (AC) and apelin injection exercise group (AE), with 10 mice in each group. Apelin injection group mice were intraperitoneally injected with apelin (0.1 μmol/kg/day) for 4 weeks. At the same time, the exercise groups mice underwent 60min/day treadmill running with a slope of  5°at the speed of 15m/min for 2 weeks, and the speed was adjusted to 20m/min in the later 2 weeks. 48 h after the final exercise session quadriceps muscles were harvest. The protein expression of apelin, APJ, AMPKα and p-AMPKα (Thr172) in skeletal muscle was determined by Western Blot. Results (1) Compared with WC group, the protein expression of apelin , APJ and p-AMPKα (Thr172)/AMPKα ratio  in AC group skeletal muscle of mice were increased; (2) Compared with WE group , the p-AMPKα (Thr172) / AMPKα ratio in AE group skeletal muscle of mice were  increased. Conclusions Apelin supplementation for 4 weeks can up-regulate AMPK protein activity in skeletal muscle both in sedentary group and exercise group.

Resistance training affects GLUT-4 content in skeletal muscle of humans after 19 days of head-down bed rest

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 909-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izumi Tabata ◽  
Youji Suzuki ◽  
Tetsuo Fukunaga ◽  
Toshiko Yokozeki ◽  
Hiroshi Akima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Voluntary Contractions

This study assessed the effects of inactivity on GLUT-4 content of human skeletal muscle and evaluated resistance training as a countermeasure to inactivity-related changes in GLUT-4 content in skeletal muscle. Nine young men participated in the study. For 19 days, four control subjects remained in a −6° head-down tilt at all times throughout bed rest, except for showering every other day. Five training group subjects also remained at bed rest, except during resistance training once in the morning. The resistance training consisted of 30 isometric maximal voluntary contractions for 3 s each; leg-press exercise was used to recruit the extensor muscles of the ankle, knee, and hip. Pauses (3 s) were allowed between bouts of maximal contraction. Muscle biopsy samples were obtained from the lateral aspect of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle before and after the bed rest. GLUT-4 content in VL muscle of the control group was significantly decreased after bed rest (473 ± 48 vs. 398 ± 66 counts ⋅ min−1 ⋅ μg membrane protein−1, before and after bed rest, respectively), whereas GLUT-4 significantly increased in the training group with bed rest (510 ± 158 vs. 663 ± 189 counts ⋅ min−1 ⋅ μg membrane protein−1, before and after bed rest, respectively). The present study demonstrated that GLUT-4 in VL muscle decreased by ∼16% after 19 days of bed rest, and isometric resistance training during bed rest induced a 30% increase above the value of GLUT-4 before bed rest.

scholarly journals Hypoxic Training Increases the Concentration of Serum Irisin and Reduces Weight in Diet-induced Obese Rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
zhigang li ◽  
xiquan weng ◽  
Fangfang Zhao ◽  
Xue Song ◽  
Wentao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Treadmill Training ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Hypoxic Training ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Irisin promotes browning of white fat, improves energy metabolism, and weight loss. In this study, we investigated the effects of different oxygen concentrations during hypoxic training on the serum irisin and the PGC-1α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha)-FNDC5(fibronectin type III domain containing 5)-UCP1(uncoupling protein 1) signaling pathway in the skeletal muscle of obese rats. Male Sprague-Dawley Obese rats (n=80) were randomly divided into 8 groups as follows: the control group (group A, n=10); the endurance exercise group (AE group, n=10), which involved animal treadmill training at slope 0°, 20 m/min, 40 min/d, and 5 d/w; the 16.3% hypoxia exposure group (group B, n=10), 13.3% hypoxia exposure group (group C, n=10), and 11.3% hypoxia exposure group (group D, n=10), which were exposed to a low oxygen environment with oxygen concentrations of 16.3%, 13.3%, and 11.3%, respectively, for 12 h/d; and the 16.3% hypoxic training group (BE group, n=10), 13.3% hypoxic training group (CE group, n=10), and 11.3% hypoxic training group (DE group, n=10) with animal treadmill training during hypoxia exposure. After 8 weeks, the serum irisin concentrations in the AE, BE, CE, and DE groups were significantly higher than that in the A group (p<0.05). Hypoxia exposure and hypoxic training at the three different concentrations significantly increased PGC-1α and FNDC5 gene expression in the skeletal muscle. The PGC-1α and FNDC5 protein contents were significantly higher in the skeletal muscle of the obese rats in the C, AE, and DE groups than those in group A (p<0.05). UCP1 protein expression was significantly higher in groups C, CE, D, and DE than in group A (p<0.05).To conclude, training at oxygen concentrations of 13.3% and 11.3% significantly increased the serum irisin level, and 11.3% hypoxic training enhanced the effects of the PGC-1α-Irisin-UCP1 signaling pathway in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals PO-212 Effects of hypoxic endurance training on weight loss and Irisin expression in nutritional obese rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Li ◽  
Wentao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Training Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective Exercise can induce the release of various myokine such as Irisin, which promote browning of white fat, improve body metabolism, and loss weight. Appropriate hypoxic training plays a better role in weight loss than single exercise, but the effect of hypoxic training on muscle factors that promote browning of fat is rarely reported. Therefore, this study aims to observe different concentrations of hypoxia training on the PGC1α-Irisin-UCP1 signaling pathway in nutritional obese rats, and the role of weight loss. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=140) of 6 weeks old were divided into normal diet feeding group (group N, n=20) and high-fat diet feeding group (group HFD, n=120). The HFD rats became obese after 8 weeks’ feeding, and they were further divided randomly into 8 groups. Including sedentary group(group A), training group (group AE), 16.3% hypoxia exposure group (group B), 16.3% hypoxia training group (group BE), and 13.3% hypoxia exposure group (group C), 13.3% hypoxia training group (group CE), 11.3% hypoxia exposure group (group D), 11.3% hypoxia training group (group DE), group B, group C and group D Rats were exposed to oxygen in concentrations of 16.3%, 13.3%, and 11.3% for 12 h/d, respectively. Rats in group BE, CE, and DE were subjected to animal treadmill training during hypoxic exposure with a slope of 0°, 20 m /min, 40min/d, 5d/w. After 8 weeks of intervention, blood, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle were collected and tested. Results (1) In group AE, the body weight of obese rats decreased in a short time, but bounced back later. The body weight of rats in group CE and group DE decreased continuously. Hypoxia exposure and hypoxia training can inhibit the food intake of obese rats in varying degrees, and group CE has the most obvious effect. Hypoxia, endurance training and hypoxia training all reduced the percentage of visceral fat to body weight, group C is significantly lower than group B and D group (p < 0.05), the effect of hypoxia training is more obvious than single hypoxia or exercise, and the lower oxygen concentration the more significant effect. Group C、group CE、group D and group DE significantly decreased the concentration of LDL-C, increased the content of HDL-C in serum than other groups (p < 0.05).(2) The concentration of serum Irisin in group AE, group BE, group CE and group DE rats was significantly higher than that in group A (p < 0.05), and the highest level was found in group CE and DE. The insulin resistance of obese rats in group CE and group DE was significantly better than that in group AE (p < 0.05). (3) Three different concentrations of hypoxia exposure and hypoxia training can significantly increase the skeletal muscle PGC-1 α and FNDC5 gene expression, showing that the lower the concentration of oxygen, the higher the expression, 13.3% and 16.3% hypoxia training can significantly promote the gene transcription of UCP1. The contents of PGC-1 α and FNDC5 protein in skeletal muscle of obese rats in group C, AE and DE were significantly higher than those in group A (p < 0. 05). The expression of UCP1 protein in skeletal muscle of rats in group C, CE and DE was significantly higher than that in group A (p < 0. 05). Conclusions 13.3% and 11.3% oxygen concentration combined with endurance training can effectively reduce the body weight and visceral fat of nutritional obese rats, enhance serum HDL-C and decrease LDL-C levels and insulin resistance. 13.3% and 11.3% oxygen concentration training can significantly improve the level of serum Irisin, 11.3% oxygen concentration training can significantly promote the expression of PGC1α-Irisin-UCP1 gene and protein in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals PO-109 Resistance Training prevents Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced by hypoxia through regulating Akt-FoxO1 pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiabei Yu ◽  
Hang Yu ◽  
Yanchun Li ◽  
Tianyu Han ◽  
Xuecheng Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Hypoxia Group ◽  
Wet Weight

Objective Skeletal muscle atrophy induced by hypoxia on the plateau will lead to the decrease of muscle strength and the degeneration of athletic ability. Resistance training is an efficient method to stimulate the growth of muscle and improve protein synthesis. Akt-FoxO1 (Fork head box protein 1) pathway plays a significant role in the regulation of skeletal muscle protein degradation. However, it is not clear whether resistance training could prevent skeletal muscle atrophy induced by hypoxia and what is the regulation role of Akt-FoxO1 pathway. This study built a rat model that resistance training inhibited the skeletal muscle atrophy induced by hypoxia and explore the variation of Akt, FoxO1, Murf and Atrogin-1. Methods 40 male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 4 groups randomly: control group (C), resistance training group (R), hypoxia group (H) and hypoxia resistance training group (HR). H and HR group were placed into simulated 4000m altitude (12.4%, O2%) and R and HR group received ladder resistance training. Their incremental load is calculated by using average body weight. After 4 weeks intervention of hypoxia and resistance training, body composition, wet weight of skeletal muscle (soleus, musculus gastrocnemius,extensor digitorum longus and muscelus biceps brachii) and skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured. The expression of Akt, FoxO1, Murf and Atrogin-1 were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR.Moreover,immunofluorescence technique was used to locate the phosphorylation of FoxO1.  Results The lean body mass of HR group was significantly higher than H group (P<0.05). The wet weight and CSA of muscelus biceps brachii in HR group were also higher than H group obviously (P<0.05). The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blot showed that the expression of FoxO1 and MuRF of hypoxia group (H group) were significantly higher than control group. However after the intervention of resistance training, the expression of Akt was significantly up-regulate and FoxO1, MuRF were significantly down-regulate. Immunofluorescence technique was used to observe the location of FoxO1 phosphorylation and the expression out of nucleus. Conclusions Resistance training contribute to prevent the occurrence of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by hypoxia and the form of climbing ladder training can stimulate the hypertrophy of biceps in rats. The results revealed that FoxO1 phosphorylation out of nucleus became higher after resistance training. All above revealed that resistance training could inhibit skeletal muscle atrophy induced by hypoxia. Akt promoted FoxO1 phosphorylation may become the molecular mechanisms that resistance training can inhibit the atrophy of skeletal muscle induced by hypoxia.

The effects of nightly normobaric hypoxia and high intensity training under intermittent normobaric hypoxia on running economy and hemoglobin mass

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 828-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mituso Neya ◽  
Taisuke Enoki ◽  
Yasuko Kumai ◽  
Takayuki Sugoh ◽  
Takashi Kawahara
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Normobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Simulated Altitude ◽  
Hemoglobin Mass

We investigated the effects of nightly intermittent exposure to hypoxia and of training during intermittent hypoxia on both erythropoiesis and running economy (RE), which is indicated by the oxygen cost during running at submaximal speeds. Twenty-five college long- and middle- distance runners [maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) 60.3 ± 4.7 ml·kg−1·min−1] were randomly assigned to one of three groups: hypoxic residential group (HypR, 11 h/night at 3,000 m simulated altitude), hypoxic training group (HypT), or control group (Con), for an intervention of 29 nights. All subjects trained in Tokyo (altitude of 60 m) but HypT had additional high-intensity treadmill running for 30 min at 3,000 m simulated altitude on 12 days during the night intervention. V̇o2 was measured at standing rest during four submaximal speeds (12, 14, 16, and 18 km/h) and during a maximal stage to volitional exhaustion on a treadmill. Total hemoglobin mass (THb) was measured by carbon monoxide rebreathing. There were no significant changes in V̇o2max, THb, and the time to exhaustion in all three groups after the intervention. Nevertheless, HypR showed ∼5% improvement of RE in normoxia ( P < 0.01) after the intervention, reflected by reduced V̇o2 at 18 km/h and the decreased regression slope fitted to V̇o2 measured during rest position and the four submaximal speeds ( P < 0.05), whereas no significant corresponding changes were found in HypT and Con. We concluded that our dose of intermittent hypoxia (3,000 m for ∼11 h/night for 29 nights) was insufficient to enhance erythropoiesis or V̇o2max, but improved the RE at race speed of college runners.

scholarly journals Resistance Training Alleviates Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Rats Exposed to Hypoxia by inhibiting Autophagy Mediated by Acetyl-FoxO1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengyu FU ◽  
KONG Zhaowei ◽  
GONG Lijing ◽  
Hans-Christer Holmberg ◽  
LI Yanchun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Autophagic Flux ◽  
Sequestosome 1 ◽  
Control Group Group

Abstract Background: Skeletal muscle atrophy induced by hypoxia could affect the physical fitness and training effect of the athletes in the rapid altitude, and also affect the production and life of the general public. Resistance training in a hypoxic environment could effectively alleviate the occurrence of muscular atrophy. Whether autophagy lysosomal pathway, as an important proteolysis pathway, is involved in this process, and whether FoxO1, the key gene of atrophy, plays a role by regulating autophagy is unclear. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group (group C), normoxic resistance-training group (group R), hypoxic control group (group H), and hypoxic resistance-training group (group HR). The H and HR groups were exposed to 12.4% oxygen for four weeks. The R and HR groups underwent incremental loaded training by climbing a ladder every other day for four weeks. Results: Compared to parameters in group H, resistance training increased lean body mass (LBM) and wet weight and decreased the expression of atrogin1 of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) after four weeks ( P <0.05). Resistance training decreased the levels of FoxO1 and Ac-FoxO1 and the extent of their localization in the nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively ( P <0.05), as well as the LC3II/LC3I ratio, the integrated optical density (IOD) of LC3 and the levels of autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg7), and elevated the levels of sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62) ( P <0.05). Most differentially expressed autophagy-related genes (ATGs) interacted with FoxO1, and the functions of these ATGs were mainly enriched in the early autophagy phase. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that resistance training lowers the levels of both nuclear FoxO1 and cytoplasmic Ac-FoxO1, as well as reduced autophagic flux in the EDL of rats exposed to hypoxia.

Antioxidant status of blood in patients with vibration disease

2019 ◽  
pp. 978-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Malyutina ◽  
A. F. Bolotova ◽  
R. B. Eremeev ◽  
A. Zh. Gilmanov ◽  
D. Yu. Sosnin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Introduction. The overwhelming number of publications contains only data on the content of individual antioxidants, but not on the overall antioxidant activity of the blood in patients with vibration disease.The aim of the study was to determine the total antioxidant activity of blood serum in patients with vibration disease.Materials and methods. Th e main group consisted of 30 people diagnosed with “Vibration disease” of 1 degree (n=21) and 2 degrees (n=9). Th e control group consisted of 30 clinically healthy men, comparable in age with the main group (p=0.66). Th e total activity of antioxidant systems of blood plasma was evaluated photometrically using the test system “Total antioxidant status-Novo” (“Vector-best”, Russia).Results. The indicator of the total antioxidant status (TAS) was 1,038±0.232 mmol/l in the examined main group, against 1,456±0.225 mmol/l in the examined control group (p<0.000001). Th e coefficient of variation (CV) in patients with vibration disease was 22.35%, 1.45 times higher than in the control group (15.45%). In the main group there was a positive correlation between age and TAS (R=0.525), in the control group there was no such relationship (R=0.095). Th e degree of decrease depended on the severity of vibration disease.Conclusions. 1. The development of vibration disease is accompanied by a decrease in the antioxidant status of blood serum. 2. Th e degree of decrease in the antioxidant status of blood serum correlates with the severity of vibration disease. 3. Reduction of TAS can serve as a pathogenetic justification of the need to include drugs and/or biologically active additives with antioxidant activity in therapy

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