Comparative Real Time EPR Investigation of Natural and Synthetic Antioxidants: As Potential Anticancer Agents and Radio-protectors

<p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the free-radical scavenging activity against DPPH stable radical and protective properties of the natural products SQGD and P. corylifolia and synthetic nitroxyl- free radical containing nitrosoureas SLENU and SLCNUgly against in vivo oxidative toxicity of antitumor drug CCNU. It was found statistically significant increase in the DPPH radical-scavenging capacity of both extracts with increase of radiation. The natural antioxidants were localised mainly in the organs and blood after EPR biodistribution study. All combinations of natural extracts/ synthetics agents exhibited considerably lower levels of Asc. radicals as compared to controls. It should be mentioned that the natural antioxidants possess higher oxidative protection in comparison with the synthetic antioxidants. Considerable decrease in ROS production in livers of mice was found after treatment with SQGD, P. corylifolia and SLENU, alone, compared to controls.In conclusion, because of well-expressed antioxidant activities of natural and synthetic antioxidants they might be used in the combination anticancer chemotherapy for reducing toxicity caused by anticancer drugs and/or low levels radiation therapy.</p>

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Terpenoid Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Two Indian Valerian Oils from the Khasi Hills of North-east India

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1100600131 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1100600

Author(s):

Jayashankar Das ◽

Ashiho A. Mao ◽

Pratap J. Handique

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Northeast India ◽

Bornyl Acetate ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

North East ◽

Valeriana Jatamansi

The volatile constituents of Valeriana jatamansi Jones and V. hardwickii Wall. (Valerianaceae) collected from the Khasi Hills of northeast India were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-seven and twenty-one compounds were characterized and identified from V. jatamansi and V. hardwickii samples, representing 90.6% and 82.7% of the total oil, respectively. Sesquiterpenes were shown to be the main constituents in both the oil samples. Maaliol (26.1%), patchouli alcohol (9.3%) and α-gurjunene (8.7%) were the major components of V. jatamansi oil, whereas valeracetate (21.3%), methyl linoleate (14.1%), bornyl acetate (13.8%) and cuparene (7.1%) were the main constituents of V. hardwickii oil. Both Indian valerian essential oils were studied for their antioxidant activities using the free radical-scavanging activity (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. V. hardwickii oil exhibited a higher antioxidant capacity than V. jatamansi in both assays. For both the valerian oil samples, there was a concentration-dependent increase in free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing capacity. Both valerian oils and their ingredients are potential sources of natural antioxidants.

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Punica granatum as a Source of Natural Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agent; a Comprehensive Review on Related Investigations

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163817666200430001822 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Atefeh Jalali ◽

Mohammadreza Kiafar ◽

Masih Seddigh ◽

Mohammad M. Zarshenas

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Punica Granatum ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Natural Antioxidant ◽

Antiviral Activities ◽

Natural Foods

Background: The consumption of natural antioxidants is increasing due to the demand and tendency to natural foods. Punica granatum L. [Punicaceae] is a fruit with various bioactive ingredients. The effectiveness of this plant has been proved against various disorders such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, blood coagulation, infections, cancer, and dentistry. Among them, there are numerous researches on antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Subsequently, the present study aimed to compile a review of those properties to outline this herb as a possible natural antioxidant and preservative. Methods: Synchronically, keywords "Punica granatum" with antimicrobial, or antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and radical scavenging were searched through "Scopus" database up to 31st September 2019. Papers focusing on agriculture, genetics, chemistry, and environmental sciences were excluded and also related papers were collected. Results: Among 201 papers focusing on related activities, 111 papers have dealt with antioxidant activities focusing based on DPPH assay, 59 with antibacterial, on both gram+ and gram- bacteria, 24 with antifungal effects, mostly on Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, and 7 papers with antiviral activities. There were about 50 papers focusing on in-vivo antioxidant activities of this plant. Conclusion: Taken together, botanical parts of P. granatum have possessed notable radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities that with these properties, this plant can be introduced as a natural safe source of preservative and antioxidant. Accordingly, P. granatum can be applied as excipient with the aforementioned properties in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

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Study of antioxidant potential in leaves, stems, nuts of Juglans regia L.

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2012.10.003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (10) ◽

pp. 79 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. Raja* ◽

Ivvala Anand Shaker ◽

Inampudi Sailaja ◽

R. Swaminathan ◽

S. Saleem Basha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Free Radical ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Juglans Regia ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Free Radical Damage ◽

Radical Damage

Natural antioxidants can protect the human body from free radicals and retard the progress of many chronic diseases as well as lipid oxidative rancidity in foods. The role of antioxidants has protected effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Primary sources of naturally occurring antioxidants are known as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Several studies suggest that regular consumption of nuts, mostly walnuts, may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress mediated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The role of antioxidants has attracted much interest with respect to their protective effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Juglans regia L. (walnut) contains antioxidant compounds, which are thought to contribute to their biological properties. Polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols concentrations and antioxidant activity of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. as evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, Nitric acid, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and total oxidation activity were determined. The antioxidant activities of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. were concentration dependent in different experimental models and it was observed that free radicals were scavenged by the test compounds in all the models.

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Polyphenol Contents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Aqueous Algerian Propolis Extracts

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2021-0282 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E.K. Soltani ◽

K. Zaim ◽

K. Mokhnache ◽

N. Haichour ◽

S. Mezaache-Aichour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Aqueous Extracts

The propolis, an extremely complex resinous material, exhibits valuable pharmacological and biological properties, mainly attributed to the presence of polyphenols. The composition of propolis depends on time, vegetation, and the area of collection. Total flavonoid and polyphenol contents of aqueous extracts of propolis samples from different areas of Algeria, determined by using aluminum chloride and Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric methods, were in the range of 3.047 ± 0.004–5.273 ± 0.013 mg/g and 96.833 ± 0.027–458.833 ± 0.0005 mg/g crude extract of propolis, respectively. This study examined the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of propolis. Aqueous extracts of propolis were obtained in order to evaluate their antioxidant activities by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, β-carotene and electrochemical assays. All tested propolis samples had relatively strong antioxidant activities, which were also correlated with the total polyphenol and flavonoid content present. The percentage of inhibition of lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid emulsion during 24 h varied between 86.04 ± 0.42 and 90.60 ± 3.77% among the tested samples. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed by ABAL (Ain Abassa Aqueous Extract) with IC50 = 8.49 ± 5.07 10−5 μg/ml, and the lowest was observed by SAL (Setif Aqueous Extract) with IC50 of 21.16 ± 0.0001 μg/ml. The most important antibacterial activity was obtained with Ain Abassa extract; the zones of inhibition obtained for this excerpt vary from 15.22 to 15.5 mm. Followed by the Setif extract with areas of 12.33 to 12.75 mm, the Tizi-Ouzou extract with areas of 10.11 to 11.11 mm. This study will bring an innovation for further studies with regard to the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the aqueous extracts of propolis. This study corroborates that Algerian propolis is a rich source of natural antioxidants, properties which could be used in the prevention of different diseases, both in humans and in animals.

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Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Activities of Novel-{4, 5-(substituted diphenyl)-4H-1, 2, 4-triazol-3-ylthio} Acetyl Chloride

Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST) ◽

10.48048/wjst.2018.2178 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 157-167

Author(s):

Prabhakar Kumar VERMA ◽

Mukesh KUMAR ◽

Nelam MALIK ◽

Priyanka DHIMAN ◽

Anurag KHATAHAR

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Acetyl Chloride ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Standard Drug

A series of 20 new biologically active derivatives of 2-{4, 5-(substituted diphenyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio}acetyl chloride has been synthesized, with the aim to investigate antimicrobial, free radical scavenging activity. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic data and elemental analysis. The final compounds were tested for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 3160, Bacillus subtilis MTCC 441; Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli MTCC 443, and, for antifungal activity, against Candida albicans MTCC 227 and Aspergillus niger MTCC 281, taking ciprofloxacin as antibacterial and fluconazole as antifungal standard drugs. Compound 7a6 was found to be the most effective antibacterial (MIC = 3.12 µg/ml), and compounds 7a2 and 7d1 (MIC = 3.12 and 6.25 µg/ml) had the most effective antifungal effects on the selected strains, as compared to the standard drugs. The results of antioxidant studies revealed that compound 7b1 was found to be most active antioxidant, with 40.4±0.687 µg/ml, and compounds 7b3, 7d7, and 7d4 also showed promising free radical scavenging activity, as compared with the standard drug ascorbic acid.

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Fractionation, Phytochemical Screening and Free Radical Scavenging Capacity of Different Sub-Fractions from Pituranthos scoparius Roots

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i3.4100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 133-136

Author(s):

Ahlem Karbab ◽

Kamel Mokhnache ◽

Lekhmici Arrar ◽

Abderahmane Baghiani ◽

Seddik Khennouf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Health Benefit ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Chloroform Extract ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Potential Health

The purpose of this study was to prepare three sub-fractions from Pituranthos scoparius roots (PSR), characterize their phytochemicals contents and to investigate their free radical scavenging activity by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and hydroxyl scavenging activities. Tannins, ﬂavonoids, steroids, and other bioactive compounds were found in the different sub-fractions. The Ethyle acetate extract (EAE) and chloroform extract (ChE) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity using ABTS (17.8 ± 0.87 µg/mL and 18.15 ± 0.68 µg/mL), respectively. Whereas, Crude extract (CrE) have been presented strong hydroxyl scavenging activity (14.9 ± 0.8 µg/mL). This study indicates that PSR extracts has potent free radical scavenging, and may prove to be of potential health benefit as well as additional resources for natural antioxidants. Keywords: Medicinal plant; phytochemical screening; sub-fractions, free radical scavenging.

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Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) imbach from Pakistan

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v48i4.49055 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 1075-1081

Author(s):

Hafiz Muhammad Waqas ◽

Muhammad Akbar ◽

Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Agaricus Bisporus ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Test Plant

In the present study, antibacterial and antioxidant (DPPH free radical scavenging activity) activity of an edible mushroom, Agaricus bisporus collected from Pakistan was investigated. In antibacterial assays, nhexane showed 4.83, 3.33, 16 and 3.33 mm inhibition zone diameter (IZD), chloroform showed 6.33, 16.17, 17 and 1.67 mm (IZD) while, ethyl acetate exhibited 30, 20, 19 and 28.67 mm (IZD) against four test plant pathogenic bacteria viz., Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall, Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al. Xanthomonas axonopodis Dowson and Erwinia carotovora (Jones) Waldee, at 100 mg/ml concentration. Optical density (OD) was recorded at 517 nm. n-hexane extract showed 60.73, 47.6 and 33.05%, chloroform showed 89.97, 82.91 and 77.68% whereas, ethyl acetate exhibited 89.83, 65.82 and 23.59% free radical effects as compared to control. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis showed the highest concentration of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.

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A Review of Recent Studies on the Antioxidant Activities of a Third-Millennium Food: Amaranthus spp.

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9121236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1236

Author(s):

Seon-Joo Park ◽

Anshul Sharma ◽

Hae-Jeung Lee

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Peptides ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Sustainable Food ◽

Amaranth Species ◽

Amaranthus Spp

Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) plant commonly refers to the sustainable food crop for the 21st century. The crop has witnessed significant attention in recent years due to its high nutritional value and agronomic advantages. It is a relatively well-balanced cosmopolitan food that is a protector against chronic diseases. Usually, the antioxidant activities of amaranth are held responsible for its defensive behavior. Antioxidant activity of plants, generally, is attributed to their phytochemical compounds. The current interest, however, lies in hydrolysates and bioactive peptides because of their numerous biological functions, including antioxidant effect. While the importance of bioactive peptides has been progressively recognized, an integrated review of recent studies on the antioxidant ability of amaranth species, especially their hydrolysates and peptides has not been generated. Hence, in this review, we summarize studies focused on the antioxidant capacity of amaranth renewal over the period 2015–2020. It starts with a background and overall image of the amaranth-related published reviews. The current research focusing on in vitro, in vivo, and chemical assays-based antioxidant activity of different amaranth species are addressed. Finally, the last segment includes the latest studies concerning free radical scavenging activity and metal chelation capacity of amaranth protein hydrolysates and bioactive peptides.

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TheConyza trilobaExtracts with High Chlorophyll Content and Free Radical Scavenging Activity Had Anticancer Activity in Cell Lines

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/945638 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Wael M. El-Sayed ◽

Warda A. Hussin ◽

Ahmed A. Mahmoud ◽

Mohamed A. AlFredan

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Methylene Chloride ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Antimutagenic Activity ◽

Metal Chelating

The discovery of anticancer agents paradigm has been shifted to natural resources to overcome the toxicity of many synthetic agents at early clinical stages. In the present study, the antimutagenic, anticancer, phytochemistry, and free radical scavenging activities of five extracts ofConyza trilobawere investigated. Extracts II (water : methanol), III (methylene chloride), and IV (methylene chloride : methanol) had the highest chlorophyll content and the highest superoxide scavenging, and metal chelating activities comparable to that of trolox. They also showed DPPH•scavenging activities better than that ofα-tocopherol. Virtually all extracts exerted a strong (>40% reduction) antimutagenic activity against sodium azide and benzopyrene. Extracts II, III, and IV showed a remarkable growth inhibition profile with GI50of 0.07–0.87 μg for Hepa1c1c7 and H4IIE1, A549, HT29, and PC3 cell lines and totally abated the growth of all cell lines, except for the breast cells, at 0.3–7.0 μg. The present study found a strong correlation between the chlorophyll content ofConyzaextracts and their DDPH scavenging, metal chelating, and in vitro cytotoxic and cytostatic activities most probably through triggering apoptosis. This study could offer a platform for future studies and help selecting the vital features that identify the extract with potential anticancer activities.

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