scholarly journals Revelation of New Compound from Ethanolic Extract of Fragaria x ananassa var. Lembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Desak Gede Sri Andayani ◽  
Puspa Dewi Narrij Lotulung ◽  
Anny Sulaswaty ◽  
Nur Qaanitaati ◽  
Desak Gede Tirta Andini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry) is a subtropical plant that can adapt well in tropical highlands. Fragaria x ananassa have been widely used to cope with health problems. The active compound component of secondary metabolites contained in Fragaria x ananassa has the potential as an antioxidant. This research is done to isolate secondary metabolites from extract of Fragaria x ananassa fruits. Extract Fragaria x ananassa was produced by maceration using ethanol as the solvent. Separation and isolation compound were carried out using Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) and Gravity Column Chromatography (GCC) guided by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) using hexane: ethyl acetate (3:7) as the eluent. The flavonoid compound was determined by the total content of phenolic and flavonoid in extract of Fragaria x ananassa fruits. The results of total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were 0.1130 mg/g and 0.0112 mg/g, respectively. The alkaloid compound was determined by Dragendorff testing. The elucidation of the structure by Fourier Tansform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) showed that the active compound contained in the secondary metabolite of extract ethanol from Fragaria x ananassa is 3-Cyclopentyl-5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-1,6-dihydro-7H-pyrazolo[4,3- d]pyrimidin-7-one.Keywords: Fragaria x ananassa extract, flavonoid, alkaloid, total phenolic and flavonoid content, FTIR, NMR, LCMS.

scholarly journals NEW FLAVONOIDS FROM THE AERIAL PARTS OF POLYGONUM EQUISETIFORME SM (POLYGONACEAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed A. El-toumy ◽  
Joslin Y. Salib ◽  
Nabila H. Shafik ◽  
Asmaa S. Abd Elkarim ◽  
Gihan A. Mick
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study was to deal the isolation and identification of secondary metabolites from <em>Polygonum equisetiforme</em> and evaluation of antioxidant activity of its extract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The methanol-water extract (7:3) of the air-dried aerial parts of <em>Polygonum equisetiforme</em> was fractionated and separated to obtain the isolated compounds by different chromatographic techniques. Structures of these compounds were elucidated by UV and 1D⁄2D H⁄ C NMR spectroscopy and compared with the literature data. The crude extract was evaluated for <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant activity using the 2,2 diphenyl dipicryl hydrazine (DPPH) method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten secondary metabolites were isolated from <em>Polygonum equisetiforme</em> in this study. Of which three new flavonoids named as 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-<em>O</em>-b-D-glucopyranoside (1), 3,5,7,2’,5’ pentahydroxyflavone 3-<em>O</em>-b-D-glucopyranoside 8 C-sulphated (2) and quercetin 3-<em>O-β</em>-D-glucucorinde 6''-methyl ester 8-sulphated (3) as well as quercetin 3-<em>O-β</em>-D-glucucorinde methyl ester (4), quercetin 3-<em>O-</em>β-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin 7-<em>O-β-</em>D-glucopyranoside (6),<em> </em>quercetin(7)<sub>, </sub>myricetin (8), <em>P</em><sub>-</sub>methoxy gallic acid methyl ester (9) and gallic acid (10). The antioxidant potential of <em>P. equisetiforme</em> extract was evaluated by investigating it's total phenolic and flavonoid content and DPPH radical scavenging activity whereby the extract showed significant antioxidant activity (IC<sub>50 </sub>= 37.45 μg/ml). The total phenolic and flavonoid content was found to be 130.79±5.502 and 45.8±1.63 μg/ml, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><em>Polygonum equisetiforme</em> is a promising medicinal plant, and our study tends to support the therapeutic value of this plant as an antioxidant drug.</p>

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity Analysis and Standardization of Parkia speciosa (Petai) Pods Ethanol Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najma Annuria Fithri ◽  
Fitrya Fitrya ◽  
Tia Shabrina ◽  
Diva Yulanri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Structural Stabilization ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Parkia speciosa (petai) pods are rarely used and considered as waste despite their phenolic and flavonoid content. Phenolic and flavonoid content in plants are known to exhibit antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are known to potentially act agains radical and mediate the damage by structural stabilization. This research was conducted to analyze the antioxidant potential of petai pods using DPPH method. Analysis showed the IC50 of petai pods ethanolic extract was 75.72 ppm, which indicate strong acting antioxidant. Standardization of extracts were determined to manage the quality of extract, including the analysis of density, water content, ash values, and quantification of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Research outcome indicate the extract retain its quality during storage and use which confrmed to standardization requirements of water content and ash values. Total phenolics and flavonoid obtained were 272.45 mg/gGAE and 243.2029 mg/gQE respectively. Based from this research, petai pods ethanolic extract present strong antioxidant activity which was contributed by high existing content of flavonoid and phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF PHLOMIS PUNGENS WILLD

10.23856/3713 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Yehor Bazavluk ◽  
Vira Hamada ◽  
Nataliya Polish ◽  
Roksolana Konechna ◽  
Solomiia Mykytiuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

The objective of the present study was to determine the total content of phenolics and flavonoids in ethanol extracts of Phlomis рungens Willd. The total phenolic content was estimated spectrophotometrically using Folin Ciocalteu method. The total flavonoid content was measured by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay. The antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the extracts were investigated. The Phlomis рungens Willd can be regarded as a promising  natural plant source of antimicrobial and antioxidant effects with high potential for phytopreparations.

Physical Characteristics, Total Phenolic, and Flavonoid Content of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Leaves Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Wita Kusumawati ◽  
Ni Luh Utari Sumadewi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt is an herbal plant that has been widely used for the treatment of various types of diseases. The phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts largely determine their pharmacological activity. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the ethanol extract of C. grandis leaves. Leaf samples in this study were obtained in the area of ​​Dalung, North Kuta, Badung, Bali. The powdered C. grandis leaf was extracted by maceration method using 70% ethanol followed by evaporation using an oven at 45oC to obtain a thick extract. The non-specific parameters of the extract were then determined, such as moisture content, ash content, and acid insoluble ash. Total phenolic content was determined using the follin-ciocalteu method and total flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride method. Based on the research results, the yield of C. grandis leaf extract was 19.36%. C. grandis leaf extract has a description of a thick and sticky extract, blackish brown color, distinctive aroma, and a bitter sour taste. The water content of the ethanolic extract of C. grandis leaves was 9.93±0.03% (g/g). The total ash value of the simplicia and ethanolic extract of C. grandis leaves were 20.76±0.15% (g/g) and 27.38±0.19% (g/g), respectively. The acid insoluble ash content of the extract was 4.05±0.30% (g/g). The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extract were 111.92±0.49 µg GAE/mg dry extract and 73.60±3.53 µg QE/mg dry extract, respectively.

Comparative Antioxidant Potential of Bark and Leaves of Terminalia arjuna (Roxb) Wight & Arn from Himachal Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Kamal Dev ◽  
Anuradha Sourirajan ◽  
Prem Kumar Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

The present study aimed to compare antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid content present in leaves and bark of Terminalia arjuna and check whether there is any correlation between phenolic content and flavonoid content with antioxidant activities or not. Phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of leaves and bark revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, glycosides, saponin, phytosterols and phytosteroids. Total phenolic content was found to be higher in bark (272.71±3.18 mg/g gallic acid equivalents) as compared to that of leaves (95±3.11 mg/g gallic acid equivalents). Similarly, flavonoid content of ethanolic extract of bark was found to be higher (203.95±5.13 mg/g rutin equivalents) than that of leaves (87.625±4.28 mg/g rutin equivalents). DPPH activity of ethanolic extract of bark (IC50-17.41 µg/ml) was more than that of leaves (IC50-20.22µg/ml). FRAP activity of bark (IC50- 4.781 µM Fe (II) equivalents) is more than that of leaves (IC50-7.572 µM Fe (II) equivalents). Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity of bark (IC50-12.87 µg/ml) was higher than that of leaves (IC50-13.91 µg/ml).The present study clearly showed that there is a correlation between total phenolics, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of leaves and bark of T. arjuna. The phenolic compounds and flavonoids could be major contributor to antioxidant activity of T. arjuna. Keywords: Terminalia arjuna, DPPH, FRAP, NO, IC50, Antioxidants

Utility of the Colorimetric Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminum Complexation Assays for Quantifying Secondary Metabolite Variation among Wild Sunflowers

Helia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (65) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana F. Webber ◽  
Chase M. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

AbstractSecondary metabolites serve multiple functions in plants, and play a key role in many ecological processes. Accordingly, the quantification of such compounds is central to addressing many questions in plant science. Alongside precision analytical methods like gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, there exists a substantial niche for inexpensive and rapid spectrophotometric approaches if their usefulness in a system can be demonstrated. This study seeks to examine the utility of two commonly used colorimetric methods – the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and the aluminum complexation assay – for quantifying variation in leaf phenolic and flavonoid content among members of the genus Helianthus, the sunflowers. Among species known a priori to vary substantially in both the diversity and relative concentrations of secondary metabolites, both assays detect substantial variation among species. Moreover, total phenolic content as assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay correlates positively with concentrations of multiple individual phenolic compounds as quantified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, indicating that the Folin-Ciocalteu describes variation in sunflower phenolic content. Additionally, the diversity of flavonoids known from Helianthus include a number of those known to be sensitive to the aluminum complexation assay, indicating that this assay may also be a useful descriptor of relative variation in sunflower flavonoid content. In total, both the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum complexation assays appear to capture useful, if coarse, variation in secondary metabolites among Helianthus species, and seem useful as rapid low-cost methods for exploratory research, preliminary analyses, and potentially useful for high-throughput phenotyping within wild or cultivated sunflower with proper calibration.

scholarly journals Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds for basic standardization of Turkish propolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslı Özkök ◽  
Merve Keskin ◽  
Aslı Elif Tanuğur Samancı ◽  
Elif Yorulmaz Önder ◽  
Çiğdem Takma
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Multidimensional Scaling Analysis ◽  
Flavonoid Quercetin ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the standard amount of antioxidant content and compounds of the propolis for the standardization of propolis. For this purpose, the total flavonoids, total phenolic, CUPRAC antioxidant capacity content and the diversity of phenolic and flavonoid components of these propolis samples were found by HPLC determined at the 23 propolis samples which were collected different regions of Turkey. Beside that, the similarities and differences of these 23 provinces to each other according to their antioxidant capacities were investigated by multidimensional scaling analysis. The total flavonoid content in the propolis samples were determined between 21.28 and 152.56 mg CE/g. The total phenolic content in the propolis samples was found between 34.53 mg and 259.4 mg GAE/g. CUPRAC antioxidant capacity of the propolis samples and antioxidant range was found from 95.35 to 710.43 mg TE/g. Also, 4 flavonoid [Quercetin (min.1.12–max.4.14 mg/g), Galangin (min.0.72–max.40.79 mg/g), Apigenin (min.1.07–max.17.35 mg/g), Pinocembrin (min.1.32–max.39.92 mg/g] and 6 phenolic acid [Caffeic acid (min.1.20–max.7.6 mg/g), p-Coumaric acid (min.1.26–max.4.47 mg/g), trans-Ferulic acid (min.1.28–max.4.92 mg/g), Protocatechuic acid (1.78 mg/g), trans-Cinnamic acid (min.1.05–max.3.83 mg/g), Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) (min.1.41–max.30.15 mg/g)] components were detected as mg/g, in different ratios in propolis samples collected from different regions. The feature of this study, so far, is to have the maximum number of samples representing the Turkish propolis, and so is thought to help to national and international propolis standard workings.

scholarly journals Establishing Relationship between Vitamins, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activities in Various Honey Types

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4399
Author(s):  
Norhasnida Zawawi ◽  
Pei Juin Chong ◽  
Nurul Nadhirah Mohd Tom ◽  
Nurkhairina Solehah Saiful Anuar ◽  
Salma Malihah Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Honey is a well-known natural sweetener and is rich in natural antioxidants that prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress, which is responsible for many human diseases. Some of the biochemical compounds in honey that contribute to this property are vitamins and phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, the extent to which these molecules contribute towards the antioxidant capacity in vitro is inconsistently reported, especially with the different analytical methods used, as well as other extrinsic factors that influence these molecules’ availability. Therefore, by reviewing recently published works correlating the vitamin, total phenolic, and flavonoid content in honey with its antioxidant activities in vitro, this paper will establish a relationship between these parameters. Based on the literature, vitamins do not contribute to honey’s antioxidant capacity; however, the content of phenolic acids and flavonoids has an impact on honey’s antioxidant activity.

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