Effects of Community-Care Program on Activities of Daily Living, Fall Efficacy, and Depression of Elderly Community-Dwelling People

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Do-Yeon Hwang ◽  
Sung-Hyun Ryu ◽  
Cho-Rong Choi ◽  
Ki-Hyun Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Community Dwelling

scholarly journals Impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on activities of daily living in the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pi-Hsia Lee ◽  
Ting-Ting Yeh ◽  
Hsin-Yen Yen ◽  
Wan-Ling Hsu ◽  
Valeria Jia-Yi Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Stroke Group ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractStroke and cognitive impairment are common in older population. They often occur together and their combined effects significantly increase disability in both basic (BADLs) and instrumental (IADLs) activities of daily living. We investigated the individual and combined impacts of stroke and cognitive impairment on BADLs and IADLs. A total of 3331 community-dwelling older adults were enrolled from the Taiwan longitudinal study on aging in 2011. Both BADLs and IADLs were analyzed. Combination of stroke and cognitive impairment increased severity of ADL disabilities, but similar prevalence, similar numbers of summed BADL and IADL tasks with disability, and similar levels of difficulty for each BADL and IADL task were found between the stroke group and cognitive impairment group. The former had more difficult in dressing while the latter had more difficult in using the telephone, transport, and managing finances. A hierarchy of ADLs was also observed in all groups. ADL skill training supplemented with cognitive and physical interventions should focus on secondary prevention of dementia and improve motor functional capacity to reduce loss of ADLs.

scholarly journals Technology Used to Recognize Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Nicola Camp ◽  
Martin Lewis ◽  
Kirsty Hunter ◽  
Julie Johnston ◽  
Massimiliano Zecca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Wearable Technology ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Environmental Technologies ◽  
Current Monitoring ◽  
Future Work

The use of technology has been suggested as a means of allowing continued autonomous living for older adults, while reducing the burden on caregivers and aiding decision-making relating to healthcare. However, more clarity is needed relating to the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) recognised, and the types of technology included within current monitoring approaches. This review aims to identify these differences and highlight the current gaps in these systems. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA-ScR, drawing on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Articles and commercially available systems were selected if they focused on ADL recognition of older adults within their home environment. Thirty-nine ADL recognition systems were identified, nine of which were commercially available. One system incorporated environmental and wearable technology, two used only wearable technology, and 34 used only environmental technologies. Overall, 14 ADL were identified but there was variation in the specific ADL recognised by each system. Although the use of technology to monitor ADL of older adults is becoming more prevalent, there is a large variation in the ADL recognised, how ADL are defined, and the types of technology used within monitoring systems. Key stakeholders, such as older adults and healthcare workers, should be consulted in future work to ensure that future developments are functional and useable.

scholarly journals Are all Older Adults with Persistent Pain Created Equal? Preliminary Evidence for a Multiaxial Taxonomy

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra K Weiner ◽  
Thomas E Rudy ◽  
Swati Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Persistent Pain ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Pain Clinic ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Activity Levels

BACKGROUND: Persistent pain is grossly undertreated in older adult sufferers, despite its high prevalence in this age group. Because of its multidimensional impacts, including depression, sleep disruption and physical disability, patients with persistent pain often benefit from interdisciplinary pain clinic treatment. This treatment is expensive, however, and may not be required by all patients. The Multiaxial Assessment of Pain (MAP) has demonstrated value in predicting response to treatment in younger adults with persistent pain.OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of a MAP taxonomy for community-dwelling adults age 65 years or older.PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURES: One hundred eight subjects with persistent pain (mean age 73.8 years, SD=8.4 years) were interviewed and data collected on demographics, pain intensity, depressive symptoms, sleep disruption, pain interference with performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living, frequency of engagement in advanced activities of daily living, cognitive function and comorbidity. A subset of these subjects underwent physical capacities testing, including maximal isometric lift strength, dynamic lifting endurance, timed chair rise and balance.RESULTS: Analyses derived three primary clusters of patients. Cluster 1 (24%) reported less intense pain, less depression and sleep disruption, and higher activity levels. Cluster 3 (30%) suffered from more pain and were more functionally disabled. Cluster 2 (46%) had characteristics of cluster 1 and cluster 3, but with some characteristics that were clearly unique.CONCLUSIONS: While these results are preliminary and require further validation, they indicate that older adults are heterogeneous in their response to persistent pain. Future studies should be performed to examine whether the MAP taxonomy is applicable to older adults regardless of medical diagnosis. Ultimately, this information may have meaning with regard to both treatment prescribing, and the design and interpretation of intervention studies.

Inflammation, Functional Status, and Weight Loss During Recovery From Cardiac Surgery in Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Ann DiMaria-Ghalili ◽  
Eileen M. Sullivan-Marx ◽  
Charlene Compher
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Over Time

Objective: To determine the nutritional, inflammatory, and functional aspects of unintentional weight loss after cardiac surgery that warrant further investigation. Research Methods and Procedures: Twenty community-dwelling adults > 65 years old undergoing cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] or CABG + valve) were recruited for this prospective longitudinal (preoperative and 4–6 weeks postdischarge) pilot study. Anthropometrics (weight, standing height, and mid-arm and calf circumference), nutritional status (Mini-Nutritional Assessment™ [MNA]), appetite, physical performance (timed chair stand), muscle strength (hand grip) and functional status (basic and instrumental activities of daily living), and inflammatory markers (plasma leptin, ghrelin, interleukin [IL]-6, high-sensitivity[hs] C-reactive protein, and serum albumin and prealbumin) were measured. Results: Participants who completed the study ( n = 11 males, n = 3 females) had a mean age 70.21 ± 4.02 years. Of these, 12 lost 3.66 ± 1.44 kg over the study period. Weight, BMI, activities of daily living, and leptin decreased over time ( p < .05). IL-6 increased over time ( p < .05). Ghrelin, hs-CRP, and timed chair stand increased over time in those who underwent combined procedures ( p < .05). Grip strength decreased in those who developed complications ( p = .004). Complications, readmission status, and lowered grip strength were found in those with low preoperative MNA scores ( p < .05). Conclusion: After cardiac surgery, postdischarge weight loss occurs during a continued inflammatory response accompanied by decreased physical functioning and may not be a positive outcome. The impacts of weight loss, functional impairment, and inflammation during recovery on disability and frailty warrant further study.

scholarly journals Effect of Aspirin on Activities of Daily Living Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn L Woods ◽  
Sara Espinoza ◽  
Le T P Thao ◽  
Michael E Ernst ◽  
Joanne Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dose Aspirin ◽  
Low Dose Aspirin ◽  
Adl Disability ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Aspirin Group

Abstract Background Cerebrovascular events, dementia and cancer can contribute to physical disability with activities of daily living (ADL). It is unclear whether low-dose aspirin reduces this burden in aging populations. In a secondary analysis, we now examine aspirin’s effects on incident and persistent ADL disability within a primary prevention aspirin trial in community-dwelling older adults. Methods The ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) trial of daily 100mg aspirin versus placebo recruited 19,114 healthy adults aged 70+ years (65+ years if U.S. minority) in Australia and the U.S. Six basic ADLs were assessed every six months. Incident ADL disability was defined as inability or severe difficulty with ≥1 ADL; persistence was confirmed if the same ADL disability remained after six months. Proportional hazards modelling compared time to incident or persistent ADL disability for aspirin versus placebo; death without prior disability was a competing risk. Results Over a median 4.7 years, incident ADL disability was similar in those receiving aspirin (776/9525) and placebo (787/9589) with walking, bathing, dressing and transferring the most commonly reported. Only 24% of incident ADL disability progressed to persistent. Persistent ADL disability was lower in the aspirin group (4.3 versus 5.3 events/1000py; HR=0.81, 95% CI:0.66-1.00), with bathing and dressing the most common ADL disabilities in both groups. Following persistent ADL disability there were more deaths in the aspirin group (24 versus 12). Discussion Low-dose aspirin in initially healthy older people did not reduce risk of incident ADL disability, although there was evidence of reduced persistent ADL disability.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Health Is Associated With Disability Among Older Community Dwelling Men and Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1339-1352
Author(s):  
Yichen Jin ◽  
Toshiko Tanaka ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Stefania Bandinelli ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Point Increase

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether an index of overall cardiovascular health (CVH) is associated with disability in older individuals. Method: Data on 925 participants of the InCHIANTI study (Invecchiare in Chianti, aging in the Chianti area, ≥65 years, 55% women) with median follow-up of 9 years were used. CVH score was assessed by smoking status, physical activity, body mass index, diet quality, blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose. Disability was examined using instrumental activities of daily living (IADL disabilities >0 vs. 0) and activities of daily living (ADL disabilities >0 vs. 0). Generalized estimating equations and Cox models assessed relationships between baseline CVH with disability and worsening over 9 years. Results: A 1-point increase in the CVH score was associated with 23% and 17% of lower odds of ADL ( p < .001) and IADL ( p < .001) disability and was protective of worsening of disability over 9 years. Cox models demonstrated that a 1-point increase in CVH score was associated with lower hazards of both ADL (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.86, p = .005) and IADL (HR = 0.91, p = .007) disability. Discussion: Among older individuals, better CVH was associated with lower risk of disability and worsening over 9 years.

THE COMPARATIVE FRAME OF REFERENCE IN SELF-RATED HEALTH QUESTIONS MATTERS WHEN PREDICTING DIFFICULTY WITH ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
C. SIORDIA ◽  
H.T. NGUYEN
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Response Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Level Of Difficulty

Background: Within the assessment of frailty, self-rated health (SRH) questions remain frequently used in survey research attempting to quantify a subjective and global measure of health. Studies have largely ignored the fact that SRH questions may differ in their ability to predict level of difficulty with performing activities of daily living (ADLs)—a variance partially influenced by whether a comparative frame of reference in used in the SRH question. Specific Aim: Investigate if a Comparative-SRH (C-SRH) question with response options ranging on an adjectival scale ranging from 0 to 3; and a Non-Comparative-SRH (NC-SRH) question with an adjectival response scale from range 0 to 5; differ in their ability to predict level of difficulty in performing ADLs after accounting for demographic, psychosocial, and related health factors. Setting & Design: Cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults (n=275; x age=68; female=54%; x BMI=31) from North Carolina participating in the Hispanic Aging Survey (HAS) were used in multivariable linear regressions to predict a granular measure of level of difficulty performing ADLs. Results: Only C-SRH has a statistically significant relationship with ADLs—where each increase in C-SRH (i.e., more positively self-rated health) is associated with a decrease in ADL level of difficult. Conclusions: Using a comparative frame of reference in SRH questions may have important implications when attempting to understand the statistical relationship between self-rated global health and physical function in the assessment of frailty in older adults.

scholarly journals The Location Learning Test-Revised is associated with informant-reported everyday functioning in a sample of community-dwelling older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Thompson ◽  
Romola S Bucks ◽  
Michael Weinborn ◽  
Steven Paul Woods
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Object Location ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Ecological Relevance ◽  
Learning Test ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Learning Trials

Abstract Objective Object location learning and memory may be important for older adults to successfully complete some everyday activities. Method This cross-sectional, correlational study investigated the ecological relevance of the Location Learning Test-Revised (LLT-R) in 195 community-dwelling, older adults in Western Australia. The LLT-R assesses object location learning and memory for everyday objects over five learning trials and after a 30-min delay. Knowledgeable informants provided structured ratings of participants’ activities of daily living and memory symptoms. Results A greater number of errors on LLT-R total learning trials were associated with mild problems in activities of daily living (particularly in travel and household domains), but not with memory symptoms. The LLT-R’s association with activities of daily living was accompanied by a small-to-medium effect size and was not better explained by demographics, global cognitive functioning, mood, or chronic medical conditions. Conclusions Findings provide some support for the ecological relevance of the LLT-R among older community-dwelling adults and suggest that object location learning may play a role in some everyday functioning problems that accompany typical aging.

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