Regeneration of Damaged Epidermal and Neural Cells in Rats with Subcutaneous Wounds Injected with Platelet Rich Plasma and Multivitamins

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Lina A. Hassan ◽  
Hydar Muhsin Khalfa ◽  
Ali A. Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Wound Size ◽  
And Control ◽  
Histological Architecture

Introduction: The scientific definition of Wound is the disruption of various characteristics of the anatomical, functional and cellular continuity of a living tissue. Platelet-rich plasma is a natural occurring blood element that contains a vast amount of platelets in a noticeable volume. The sole function of PRP is a protective mechanism which acts as an adhesive material to maintain hemostatic and tissue properties, it also acts as an immediate hemostatic agent in surgical applications being biocompatible, safe, and effective. The sole aim of this study is to investigate the effect of PRP combined with multivitamins on the regeneration process of superficial rat skin. Methodology: Thirty male rats were used in this experiment and were divided into 3 groups control n= 10, PRP n =10 and PRP and multivitamins n=10. Each group was subjected to a skin wound and received and a treatment of 1 mil of PRP only or 1 mil PRP and 1 mil multivitamins. Control groups received nothing. Wound size was measured for 15 days. Wound site was surgically removed and processed for histological examination after 15 days. Results: Wound area was reduced in all animal groups over time. There is a more significant increase (P>0.05) between treated rats with PRP and multivitamins injections and control groups on day 15 of the experiment. The results also show a significant increase (P>0.05) in wound size between PRP treated rats and control groups beginning on day 5 of the experiment. There was no statistical significance (P=0.05) in wound size between PRP treated rats and control rats in the first 5 days post wound initiation. Tissue from PRP treated rats shows normal histological appearance of both dermal and epidermal layers however there is a thickened stratum corneum indication of scar formation. Histological examination of PRP and multivitamin treated wounds shows normal histological architecture with normal dermal and epidermal appearance. Conclusion: Overall PRP and multivitamin administration subcutaneously in wound sites of male rats shows improvement and restoration of histological architecture. Reduction in wound site was reduced significantly in comparison with other groups.

scholarly journals Effects of two different deep digital flexor tenotomy techniques on distal articular angles of equine cadaver forelimbs

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2005-2010
Author(s):  
Antonio Cezar de Oliveira Dearo ◽  
Vitor Bruno Bianconi Rosa ◽  
Peter Reichmann ◽  
Milton Luis Ribeiro de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Distal Interphalangeal ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flexor Tenotomy

Deep digital flexor (DDF) tenotomy is a technique employed for years to treat selected disorders of the musculoskeletal system in horses. Although two different surgical approaches (i.e. mid-metacarpal and pastern) have been described for performing the procedure, in vitro quantitative data regarding the modifications induced by either technique on the distal articular angles is lacking. Therefore, the purpose of the study reported here was to investigate the viability of a proposed biomechanical system of induced-traction used to compare the two DDF tenotomy techniques by measuring the distal articular angles of equine cadaver forelimbs. Ten pairs of forelimbs were collected and mounted to a biomechanical system developed to apply traction at the toe level. Dorsal articular angles of the metacarpophalangeal (MP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints were determined by geometric lines on radiographs taken before and after performing each technique. Comparisons between each tenotomy group and its own control, for each joint, and between the two tenotomy groups using as variable the difference between the tenotomy and control groups were tested. Despite the lack of statistical significance, the DDF tenotomy technique at the pastern level produced extension, to a lesser and greater extent, of the PIP and DIP joints, respectively when compared to the mid-metacarpal level. No remarkable differences could be observed for the MP joint. The developed traction-induced biomechanical construct seemed to be effective in producing valuable quantitative estimations of the distal articular angles of equine cadaver forelimbs subjected to different DDF tenotomy techniques.

Dyspnoea and Thoracic Spinal Deformation in Rats after Oral Prizidilol (SK&F 92657-A2)

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Sutton ◽  
A. J. Darby ◽  
P. Johnson ◽  
G. B. Leslie ◽  
T. F. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Spinal Lesion ◽  
Second Year ◽  
And Control ◽  
Body Damage

Prizidilol (SK&F 92657-A2), an anti-hypertensive agent, has undergone a range of prescribed toxicity studies required for the investigation of possible adverse drug effects. During the second year of the 2-year rat oral study, a variety of symptoms were exhibited by males receiving 1600 mg of the compound day–1kg–1 by gavage. These animals became lethargic, slouched and developed dyspnoea which became progressively more severe during the course of the study. Necropsy of the affected rats revealed severely haemorrhagic lungs, cardiac hypertrophy and lordosis of the spine into the thoracic cavity. At the 2-year terminal kill, a proportion of the male rats receiving 100 and 400 mg of prizidilol day–1kg–1 were identified with similar but less severe spinal deformation. No female was found with spinal changes but all the rats receiving prizidilol showed haemorrhagic lungs and enlarged hearts. The lordosis of the affected males was always confined to the thoracic spine and this, along with the cardiac hypertrophy, presumably led to marked reduction in the volume of the thoracic cavity, inducing the dyspnoea. Thoracic vertebral body damage, possibly a precursor to the spinal deformities, was found in male rats from both drug-treated and control groups. The nature of the spinal lesion is at present under investigation.

scholarly journals Impact of ascorbic acid in reducing the incidence of vancomycin associated nephrotoxicity in critically ill patients: A preliminary randomized controlled trial

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Nouran Hesham El-Sherazy ◽  
Naglaa Samir Bazan ◽  
Sara Mahmoud Shaheen ◽  
Nagwa A. Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
And Control

Background Antioxidants show nephroprotective effect against vancomycin associated nephrotoxicity (VAN) in animals. This study aimed to assess the ascorbic acid nephro-protective role against VAN clinically. Methods Forty-one critically ill patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: intervention group (vancomycin IV plus ascorbic acid, n=21) or control group (vancomycin IV only, n=20). Primary outcomes were the incidence of VAN and the absolute change in creatinine parameters, while mortality rate was the secondary outcome. Nephrotoxicity was defined as an increase in serum creatinine (S.cr) by at least 0.5 mg/dL or 50% of baseline for at least two successive measurements. This study is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03921099), April 2019. Results Mean absolute S.cr increase was significant when compared between both groups, P-value = 0.036, where S.cr increased by 0.05(0.12) and 0.34(0.55) mg/dL in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Mean absolute Cr.cl decline was significant when compared between both groups, P-value = 0.04, where Cr.cl was decreased by 5.9(17.8) and 22.3(30.4) ml/min in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Incidence of VAN was 1/21(4.7%) versus 5/20(25%) in the intervention and control groups, respectively (RR: 0.19; CI: 0.024–1.49; P-value = 0.093). Mortality was higher in the control group; however, it was not statistically significant, P-value = 0.141. Conclusion Co-administration of ascorbic acid with vancomycin preserved renal function and reduced the absolute risk of VAN by 20.3%, however, the reduction in VAN incidence didn’t reach statistical significance level. Further large multicenter prospective trials are recommended.

scholarly journals Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Populations in Cattle by Addition of Colicin E7-Producing E. coli to Feed

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 6053-6060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry P. Schamberger ◽  
Ronald L. Phillips ◽  
Jennifer L. Jacobs ◽  
Francisco Diez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Colicin E7 ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT A cattle trial using artificially inoculated calves was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of colicinogenic Escherichia coli strains capable of producing colicin E7 (a 61-kDa DNase) to feed on the fecal shedding of serotype O157:H7. The experiment was divided into three periods. In period 1, which lasted 24 days, six calves were used as controls, and eight calves received 107 CFU of E. coli (a mixture of eight colicinogenic E. coli strains) per g of feed. Both groups were orally inoculated with nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli O157:H7 strains 7 days after the treatment started. In periods 2 and 3, the treatment and control groups were switched, and the colicinogenic E. coli dose was increased 10-fold. During period 3, which lasted as long as period 1, both groups were reinoculated with E. coli O157:H7. The numbers of E. coli O157:H7 were consistently greater in the control groups during the three periods, but comparisons within each time period determined a statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference only at day 21 of period 1. However, when the daily average counts were compared between the period 1 control group and the period 3 treatment group that included the same six animals, an overall reduction of 1.1 log10 CFU/g was observed, with a maximum decrease of 1.8 log10 CFU/g at day 21 (overall statistical significance, P = 0.001). Serotype O157:H7 was detected in 44% of the treatment group's intestinal tissue samples and in 64% of those from the control group (P < 0.04). These results indicated that the daily addition of 108 CFU of colicin E7-producing E. coli per gram of feed could reduce the fecal shedding of serotype O157:H7.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the mortality rate caused by different periods of selective portal vein occlusion in rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana T. Kato ◽  
Renato S. Poggetti ◽  
Belchor Fontes ◽  
Paulo C.B. Massarollo ◽  
Riad N. Younes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Portal Vein Occlusion ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Vein Injury ◽  
And Control

Mortality from acute selective portal vein occlusion (SPVO) is a matter of concern for surgeons during the management of traumatic portal vein injury. However, mortality rates related to different periods of SPVO remains undetermined. PURPOSE: To determine the mortality rates resulting from different periods of acute SPVO in rats. METHODS: Wistar male rats were randomized into 8 experimental, and 8 control groups. Experimental animals underwent SPVO during 15 to 75 minutes, and control groups underwent sham procedures. All surviving animals were followed up to 14 days for assessment of mortality rate. RESULTS: Death rates varied from 0% in the 15 min SPVO group, to 100% with 65 and 75 minutes of SPVO. A strongly positive correlation was observed between mortality rates and SPVO periods (p<0.001) with either linear or quadratic regression analysis tests. All deaths in the 20min and 25min SPVO groups occurred after 75 min from the moment of clamping (or after 60 min from unclamping); death from 30 or more min SPVO occurred predominantly within 75 min from clamping moment (or within 60 min from unclamping). (Exact Fisher test, p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The mortality from SPVO in rats increases with longer duration of SPVO; with deaths occurring later for short periods (< 25 min) of SPVO and earlier for longer periods (> 30 min) of SPVO.

scholarly journals Associations of SNP rs_7927894 of FLG gene and TARC/CCL17 with atopic dermatitis in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
V.O. Dityatkovsky ◽  
◽  
O.E. Abaturov ◽  
N.V. Naumenko ◽  
O.O. Alifirenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Severity Degree

One of the main genetic factors of the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the filagrin gene (FLG), particularly rs_7927894 FLG. One of the mostly studied and promising AD marker chemokines (CK) is the thymusE and activation regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17). Purpose – to detect the associations and role of different variants of SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene and TARC/CCL17 in children suffering different AD clinical proE files (CP) – isolated or combined with comorbid atopic disorders (AtD). Materials and methods. The main group comprised 39 patients aged 3 to 18 years, suffering the isolated AD or combined with comorbid AtD. The control group comprised 47 patients aged 3 to 18 years, suffering the pathology of gastrointestinal tract without clinical signs of atopy. All the patients of the main and control groups had undergone detection of the genotype variants of SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene by real-time polymerase chain reaction and detection of TARC/CCL17 serum concentrations in venous blood. The cutEoff value of statistical significance was set as p<0.05. Results. The incidence and association of genotype variants C/C, C/T and T/T SNP rs_7927894 FLG gene in patients of cohorts of the studied groups were detected as follows: C/T rs_7927894 FLG was significantly the most common in the general main group (56.4%, p<0.05), within the cohort of CP AD isolated (61.1%, p<0.05) and CP of AD combined with comorbid AtD (52.4%, p<0.05). There were detected the associations of studied SNP with AD: C/T rs_7927894 FLG is significantly directly associated with AD (r=0.291, p<0.05), C/C rs_7927894 FLG has a reverse association with a trend to significance (r=-0.194, p=0.07). Mean serum concentrations of TARC/CCL17 did not differ significantly among patients cohorts of the main and control groups, respectively: general main group — 615.8 pg/ml, main with a CP AD isolated — 651.3 pg/ml, main with a CP of AD combined with comorbid AtD — 585.4 pg/ml, control — 608.4 pg/ml (p>0.05). Associations of serum TARC/CCL17 concentrations were determined as follows: elevation trending to significance within increasing AD severity degree (r=0.290, p=0.07) and significant elevation within the AD exhacerbation period (r=0.426, p<0.05). No significant association of TARC/CCL17 as to AD patients compared to the control group was detected in our study (r=-0.027, p>0.05). Conclusions. The genotype heterozygote variant C/T rs_7927894 FLG is significantly the most common and associated with all AD CP in children — isolated and combined with comorbid AtD. Variant C/C rs_7927894 of FLG gene is significantly reversely associated with AD in children. Serum concentrations of TARC/CCL17 did not reveal any significant differences between the AD patients and nonEatopic ones. However, they significantly elevate within AD exacerbation phase and trending to significance within AD severity degree increase in children. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institutions. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: atopic dermatitis, children, associations, polymorphism, filaggrin, thymus- and activation regulated chemokine.

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Interstitial Supraspinatus Tears: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1885-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien J. Schwitzguebel ◽  
Frank C. Kolo ◽  
Jérôme Tirefort ◽  
Abed Kourhani ◽  
Alexandra Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Arthrography ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
And Control

Background: The benefits of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of rotator cuff tears remain inconclusive, as it is administered either as an adjuvant to surgical repair or as a primary infiltration without targeting the index lesion, which could dilute its effect. Purpose: To determine whether PRP infiltrations are superior to saline solution infiltrations (placebo) at improving healing, pain, and function when injected under ultrasound guidance within isolated interstitial supraspinatus tears. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: In this single-center, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 80 adults with symptomatic isolated interstitial tears of the supraspinatus, confirmed by magnetic resonance arthrography, were randomized to PRP or saline injections. Each patient received 2 injections with a 1-month interval. The primary outcome was the change in lesion volume, calculated on magnetic resonance arthrography, at 7 months. The secondary outcomes were improvements in shoulder pain and the Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation (SANE) score at >12 months. Results: Preoperative patient characteristics did not differ between the 2 groups. At 7 months, there were no significant differences between the PRP and control groups in terms of a decrease in lesion size (–0.3 ± 23.6 mm3 vs –8.1 ± 84.7 mm3, respectively; P = .175); reduction of pain on a visual analog scale (VAS) (–2.3 ± 3.0 vs –2.0 ± 3.0, respectively; P = .586); and improvement in SANE (16.7 ± 20.0 vs 14.9 ± 29.0, respectively; P = .650), Constant (8.6 ± 13.0 vs 10.7 ± 19.0, respectively; P = .596), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (19.5 ± 20.0 vs 21.9 ± 28.0, respectively; P = .665) scores. At >12 months, there were no significant differences between the PRP and control groups in terms of a reduction of pain on a VAS (–3.3 ± 2.6 vs –2.3 ± 3.2, respectively; P = .087) or improvement in the SANE score (24.4 ± 27.5 vs 23.4 ± 24.9, respectively; P = .846). At 19.5 ± 5.3 months, the incidence of adverse effects (pain >48 hours, frozen shoulder, extension of lesion) was significantly higher in the PRP group than the control group (54% vs 26%, respectively; P = .020). Conclusion: PRP injections within interstitial supraspinatus tears did not improve tendon healing or clinical scores compared with saline injections and were associated with more adverse events. Registration: NCT02672085 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).

scholarly journals The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Treatment of Tenodesmic Lesions in Horses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Experimental Data

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Chiara Montano ◽  
Luigi Auletta ◽  
Adelaide Greco ◽  
Dario Costanza ◽  
Pierpaolo Coluccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Risk Ratios

The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to enhance tenodesmic lesion healing has been questioned over the years. The aim of this study was to evaluate current literature to establish the effectiveness of PRP for treating tenodesmic lesions through a systematic review, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, and a meta-analysis. Studies comparing PRP with placebo or other treatments for horses with tenodesmic injuries or evaluated PRP effect on tendon and ligament explants were included. Outcomes were clinical, ultrasound, histologic, molecular evaluation, and adverse effects. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed each study’s risk of bias. Treatment effects were evaluated using risk ratios for dichotomous data, together with 95% CI. Data were pooled using the random-effects model. The quality of the evidence for each outcome was assessed using GRADE criteria. Twenty-four trials met inclusion criteria for systematic review, while fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed no significant differences in the outcomes between PRP and control groups. Finally, there is no definitive evidence that PRP enhances tendons and ligaments healing. Therefore, there is a need for more controlled trials to draw a firmer conclusion about the efficacy of PRP as a treatment for tenodesmic lesions in the horse.

scholarly journals The markers of stress in swine oral fluid

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Giergiel ◽  
Małgorzata Olejnik ◽  
Artur Jabłoński ◽  
Andrzej Posyniak
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Acute Stress Response ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction The study measured the hormonal and protein markers of acute stress, those of oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in swine oral fluid, determined which of these parameters would be the most appropriate for future livestock welfare assessment and established the time when the samples should be taken. Material and Methods Stress was induced in 7 out of 14 castrated six-week-old Danbred×Duroc pigs by immobilisation on a nasal snare at 8 a.m., 1 p.m., and 6 p.m. and samples were taken both directly after the stressor was applied and 30 min later. The remaining pigs were the control group, which were not immobilised; their samples were taken at the same times. The concentrations of hormones and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, while those of alpha-amylase and TAC were measured using spectrophotometry. Results The levels of cortisol and cortisone increased with statistical significance immediately after the acute stress response and 30 min later. A cut-off value set at 0.25 ng/mL cortisol concentration was capable of distinguishing between the stressed and control groups with 100% accuracy in evening samples and 95% accuracy overall. Prednisolone was not present, and the levels of testosterone and corticosterone were low and not distinctive. Alpha-amylase became significantly more concentrated during stress induction and 30 min later. The TAC and MDA levels rose after the stress but without statistical significance. Conclusion The most suitable markers of acute stress were cortisol, cortisone and alpha-amylase. Oral fluid is a reliable material for monitoring the level of pigs’ stress and should be collected in the evening.

scholarly journals Axial length of the eye in the first three years of life in children with congenital cataract in one or both eyes

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Ivan Marjanovic ◽  
Ivan Stefanovic ◽  
Gordana Vlajkovic
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Congenital Cataract ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Axial Growth

INTRODUCTION Ultrasound has an important role in the diagnostics of the posterior segment of the eye, when clinical examination is not possible. One of problems is congenital cataract. Using ultrasound biometry it is possible to measure the axial length of the eye in all ages and axial growth from the very beginning to its termination. OBJECTIVE To ratify growth of the infant?s eye with and without congenital cataract, and to determine the accuracy of ultrasound measuring with and without general anesthesia. METHOD In our study we analyzed 30 patients (48 eyes) who had congenital cataract in one or both eyes (observed group) and 20 patients (40 eyes) in whom no eye disease was diagnosed (control group). RESULTS The observed group of 30 patients (48 eyes) with congenital cataract was divided according to age into three subgroups: I) 4-12 months, 11 patients, 18 eyes; II) 13-24 months, 7 patients, 11 eyes; III) 25-36 months, 12 patients, 19 eyes. In control group we analyzed 20 patients (40 eyes) without congenital cataract. These patients were also divided, according to age, into three subgroups: I) 2-12 months, 5 patients, 10 eyes; II) 13-24 months, 6 patients, 12 eyes; III) 25-36 months, 9 patients, 18 eyes. CONCLUSION Comparing the average axial lengths of the eye in the first, second and third year of life between the observed and control groups, we did not find any statistical significance in the obtained values. When determining the accuracy of the ultrasound measuring of the axial length of the eye in the observed group, we found no statistical significance between the determined values weather the measurements were done with or without general anesthesia (p>0.05).

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