FLUKTUASI KANDUNGAN AMONIA DAN BEBAN CEMARAN LINGKUNGAN TAMBAK UDANG VANAME INTENSIF DENGAN TEKNIK PANEN PARSIAL DAN PANEN TOTAL Fluctuations of Ammonia and Pollution load in Intensive Vannamei Shrimp Pond Harvested Using Partial and Total Method

ABSTRAK Kemajuan teknologi budidaya udang di Indonesia semakin pesat, seiring dengan berkembangnya budidaya Udang Putih Vaname (Litopenaus vannamei), sebagai komoditas ekonomis di tambak selain udang windu dan bandeng. Budidaya intensif Udang Vaname dicirikan dengan padat penebaran benih tinggi dan penggunaan pakan tambahan. Manajemen pakan yang kurang baik, berakibat pada timbulnya sisa pakan, secara perlahan-lahan akan meningkatkan kadar bahan pencemar dan menurunkan kualitas air tambak. Upaya yang dikembangkan untuk mengurangi masukan nutrien dari pakan selama budidaya udang vaname intensif adalah metode panen parsial, yaitu melakukan pemanenan udang secara bertahap (parsial) saat proses budidaya berlangsung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi fluktuasi amoniak, menganalisa sumbangan beban cemaran amoniak ke lingkungan serta mengkaji kelayakan usaha budidaya udang vaname intensif dengan teknik panen parsial dan panen total. Panen parsial dilaksanakan umur 65 hari pada petak 2B, sedangkan panen total petak 2A dan 2B umur 80 hari pemeliharaan. Hasil yang diperoleh kandungan amoniak di akhir periode pemeliharaan petak 2A (panen total) dan petak 2B (panen parsial) adalah 0,120 mg/l dan 0,050 mg/l dengan nilai indeks kualitas air Prakash yang sama yaitu 51,11 kriteria kualitas air sedang. Sumbangan beban cemaran amoniak terhadap lingkungan petak 2A sebesar 7,667 kg/ha/th, petak 2B sebesar 3,164 kg/ha/th. Penilaian kelayakan ekonomi dari biomassa Udang Vaname yang dipanen secara total dan parsial. Hasil perhitungan teknik panen total nilai NPV Rp 88.448.362: IRR 27,09 ; B/C 2,11, teknik panen parsial NPV Rp 426.601.399 ; IRR 69,02: B/C 2,30. Kedua teknik panen mencerminkan usaha layak untuk dilanjutkan. Teknik panen parsial. mampu meminalkan sumbangan beban cemaran ke lingkungan serta memberikan keuntungan usaha lebih besar Rp 9.063.000/siklus/petak dibandingkan teknik panen total. Perlu adanya upaya pengolahan buangan air limbah di akhir pemeliharaan sebelum dibuang ke perairan umum agar memenuhi syarat baku mutu effluent. Kata kunci: vaname, amonia, intensif, panen parsial, panen total ABSTRACT Technological development of shrimp farming in Indonesia is growing rapidly, along with the development of white shrimp(Litopenaus vannamei) aquaculture, which is an economically viable commodity in pond culture besides tiger prawn and milkfish. Vanamei intensive shrimp aquaculture is characterized by a high stocking density of seeds and the use of additional feed. Poor feed management will result in the increase of food residue and gradually increases the levels of pollutants that degrade the water quality. Efforts to reduce nutrient inputs of feed for shrimp farming is partial harvesting method by harvesting shrimp in stages (partial) during the period of culture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fluctuation of ammonia, analyzing environmental contaminant load and study the feasibility of intensive shrimp farming of vanamei with partial harvesting techniques and the total harvest. Partial harvest was held at the age of 65 days for plots 2B, while the total harvest was done at plots 2A and 2B at 80 days. The results of ammonia concentration at the end of the culture period 2A plots (total harvest) and plots 2B (partial harvest) was 0.120 mg / l and 0.050 mg / l respectively, with similar Prakash water quality index of 51.11. Ammonia contamination load in plots 2A was 7,667 kg / ha/years, and plots 2B was 3,164 kg / ha/years. Results of the NPV value of total harvest was Rp 88,448,362: IRR 27.09; B / C of 2.11 whereas for partial harvesting techniques NPV Rp 426 601 399; IRR 69.02: B / C 2.30. Partial method techniques of vanamei harvest can be minimalizing contaminant load in environmental and was more feasible because it provides greater profit of Rp. 9.063 million / cycle / plot. Efforts are required to discharge wastewater treatment at the end of the culture period before being released into the surrounding environment in order to meet the required effluent quality standarts. Keywords: vanamei, ammonia, intensive, partial harvest, total harvest

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Plankton and water quality variability in an estuary before and after the shrimp farming effluents: possible impacts and regeneration

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography ◽

10.1590/s1679-87592017143406503 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 495-508

Author(s):

William Bauer ◽

Paulo Cesar Abreu ◽

Luis Henrique Poersch

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Zooplankton Abundance ◽

Patos Lagoon ◽

Short Period ◽

Before And After

Abstract Water quality, chlorophyll a, phytoplankton, proto and mezo-zooplankton abundance were spatiotemporally evaluated in an estuary receiving effluents from a Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei farm in Patos Lagoon estuary, Southern Brazil. Samples were taken before (BD) and; 1 day (1 PD) 5 days (5 PD), 10 days (10 PD), 20 days (20 PD) and 30 days (30 PD) after the effluents discharge. Some water quality parameters were affected by the effluents discharge; however, these changes were restricted to a distance of 20 m from the effluent discharge channel for a period of 5 days. The microbial community was dominated by chlorophyceae, followed by diatoms, cyanobacteria and ciliates. There was an increase in the abundance of different groups on the 1 PD sampling compared to BD. The zooplankton abundance was low in practically all sites, except for 30 PD sampling. The meso-zooplanktonic organisms were represented by copepods, mostly Acartia tonsa. Despite some effects on water quality and phytoplankton and protozooplankton abundance until 5 PD sampling, these alterations dissipated in a short period of time. We conclude that the environment quickly assimilated the effluents discharge, and the water quality parameters remained within the limits stipulated by standard guidelines.

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PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR INITIAL REARING PHASE OF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP IN A BIOFLOC SYSTEM

Boletim do Instituto de Pesca ◽

10.20950/1678-2305/bip.2021.47.e653 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. e653

Author(s):

Fernanda Morais HENRIQUES ◽

Ariane Martins GUIMARÃES ◽

Carlos Andrés DÍAZ ◽

Débora Machado FRACALOSSI ◽

Edemar Roberto ANDREATTA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Pacific White Shrimp ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Crude Protein Content ◽

Protein Requirement ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Final Weight

This study evaluated the protein requirement of Litopenaeus vannamei post-larvae during the initial rearing phase in a biofloc system. Five different diets were evaluated with increasing concentrations of crude protein: 31.28, 36.29, 41.57, 46.34, and 51.74 g 100 g-1 CP. Post-larvae (0.16 ± 0.01 g) were stocked at a density of 450 PL m-3 in 400 L tanks. Water quality parameters were maintained within the limits recommended for shrimp farming. After 38 days, a regression analysis revealed that levels of CP content (65.29 – 72.83%), EE (10.45 – 11.65%) and body N (10.45 – 11.64%) increased with increasing protein levels in the diet. A similar trend was observed in the biofloc sludge with respect to CP and N. Survival exceeded 80%, and the shrimp with diets containing 31.28 to 46.34g 100 g-1 CP presented an increase in final weight (1.52 – 2.61 g), productivity (0.69 – 1.10 Kg m-3), weight gain (1.38 – 2.44 g), and feeding efficiency (77.28 – 101.68%), whereas these indices decreased to51.74 g 100 g-1 CP. Crude protein content from 44.26 to 47.12 g 100 g-1 provided the best growth performance during the initial rearing phase of Pacific white shrimp in a biofloc system.

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Business Feasibility of Intensive Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with Non-Partial System

Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine ◽

10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2021.008.02.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 008 (02) ◽

pp. 226-238

Author(s):

Abdul Wafi ◽

◽

Heri Ariadi ◽

Abdul Muqsith ◽

Benny Diah Madusari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Research Method ◽

Net Present Value ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Quality Parameter ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

Water Quality Parameter ◽

Partial System ◽

Partial Harvest ◽

Parameter Values

Shrimp farming with a non-partial harvest system is a cultivation concept to obtain optimal production harvest. The purpose of this study was to determine the business feasibility status of vaname shrimp (L. vannamei) cultivation with a non-partial harvesting system in terms of the ecological and financial aspects from aquaculture. The research method used in this study is a survey research method with data collection techniques based on purposive sampling. The results showed, this non-partial system is ecologically very feasible, because the conditions of the average daily water quality parameter values (DO, pH, temperature, salinity) during the aquaculture period are still above the water quality standard threshold for intensive aquaculture. The business financial feasibility analysis resulted in a profit of IDR 441,307,102,-, BEP Unit 2,062 Kg, BEP Sales IDR 119,995,253,-, R/C of 1.71, Return on Investment of 47.69%, and Payback Period of 2.7 years. Meanwhile based on investment analysis, the Net Present Value of IDR 34,136,139,245,-, Net B/C 11.61, and Internal Rate of Return 37.23%. So, it can be denied, that based on ecological aspects and economic multiplication of aquaculture systems like this can be categorized as very feasible and profitable to be globally developed.

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Big Data Analysis on Water Quality Condition in a White Shrimp Farming Environment

網際網路技術學刊 ◽

10.53106/160792642021122207010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 1563-1573

Author(s):

Wu-Chih Hu Wu-Chih Hu ◽

Hsin-Te Wu Wu-Chih Hu ◽

Jun-We Zhan Hsin-Te Wu ◽

Jing-Mi Zhang Jun-We Zhan

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Big Data ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Big Data Analysis ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Water Quality Condition

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Strategi implementasi teknologi biofloc dalam budidaya udang putih Litopenaeus vannamei di Provinsi Lampung

DEPIK ◽

10.13170/depik.8.3.13652 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 217-226

Author(s):

Supono Supono

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Swot Analysis ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Natural Food ◽

High Survival ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Shrimp Culture ◽

Shrimp Production ◽

Biofloc Technology

Abstract. Biofloc technology in shrimp farming is a new technology that has advantages over other technologies. Biofloc technology can maintain water quality, especially ammonia and pH, suppress Vibrio growth, enhance immunity, and as natural food for shrimp. The application of this technology in shrimp farming still faces several obstacles, so not all farmers apply it. This study aims to evaluate the application of biofloc systems in white shrimp farming and formulate appropriate strategies to increase farmer productivity. The study was conducted using the survey and interview method for the perpetrators of white shrimp cultivation in Lampung Province. Collected data were strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the application of biofloc technology in the cultivation of white shrimp. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively, while the formulation of strategies was conducted using SWOT analysis. The results showed that shrimp culture technology with biofloc technology has good prospects for increasing shrimp production. However, biofloc technology also has weaknesses that can lead to the failure of shrimp farming. The application of white shrimp biofloc technology was in quadrant I (aggressive) where this system has a good internal strength to capture existing external opportunities (SO strategy). Internal strengths include a high survival rate, relatively faster growth, environmentally friendly, able to minimize disease agents that enter the culture system, and lower feed conversion, while the opportunities they have include: shrimp prices are relatively high, there is a revitalization program unproductive ponds by the government, the issue of eco-labeling, and the growing demand for shrimp exports.Keywords: SWOT analysis, water quality, strategy, shrimp production, aggressive Abstrak. Teknologi biofloc dalam budidaya udang merupakan teknologi baru yang memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan teknologi lainnya. Teknologi biofloc dapat menjaga kualitas air terutama amoniak dan pH, menekan pertumbuhan Vibrio, meningkatkan imunitas, serta sebagai pakan alami bagi udang. Penerapan teknologi ini dalam budidaya udang masih mengalami beberapa kendala, sehingga tidak semua petambak menerapkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan sistem biofloc dalam budidaya udang putih dan merumuskan strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan produktivitas petambak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode surve dan wawancara terhadap pelaku budidaya udang putih di Provinsi Lampung. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa kekuatan (strength), kelemahan (weakness), peluang (opportunity) dan ancaman (threat) penerapan teknologi biofloc dalam budidaya udang putih. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif, sedangkan perumusan strategi menggunakan analsis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi budidaya udang dengan teknologi biofloc mempunyai prospek yang baik untuk meningkatkan produksi udang. Namun demikian, teknologi biofloc juga memiliki kelemahan yang dapat menimbulkan kegagalan budidaya udang. Penerapan teknologi biofloc udang putih berada pada kuadran I (agresif) dimana sistem ini mempunyai kekuatan internal yang baik untuk menangkap peluang eksternal yang ada (strategi SO). Kekuatan internal yang dimiliki antara lain: tingkat kelulushidupan tinggi, pertumbuhan relatif lebih cepat, ramah lingkungan, mampu meminimalisir agen penyakit yang masuk dalam sistem budidaya, dan konversi pakan lebih rendah, sementara peluang yang dimiliki antara lain: harga udang relatif tinggi, adanya program revitalisasi tambak yang tidak produktif oleh pemerintah, adanya isu eco labeling, serta permintaan ekspor udang yang terus meningkat.Kata kunci: Analisis SWOT, kualitas air, strategi, produksi udang, agresif

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Manajemen Pakan dan Analisis Usaha Budidaya Udang Vaname (Litopanaeus vannamei ) pada Lokasi yang Berbeda di Kabupaten Bangkalan dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo

Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health ◽

10.20473/jafh.v9i2.15783 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Miftachul Ulumiah ◽

Mirni Lamid ◽

Koesnoto Soepranianondo ◽

M. Anam Al-arif ◽

Moch. Amin Alamsjah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Feed Efficiency ◽

Group Home ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Shrimp Farming ◽

White Shrimp ◽

Shrimp Culture ◽

Weight Growth ◽

Partial Harvest ◽

Feed Management

Asian white shrimp or can be called vannamei shrimp has the Latin name Litopenaeus vannamei has native habitat in coastal waters and American sea waters. This research was carried out in September 2018 in the Asian white shrimp farming business unit Tanjung Putih Village Sepulu District Bangkalan District and in Penatar Sewu Village Tanggulangin District Sidoarjo Regency. This study population used 3 pond plots in Asian white shrimp culture in Tanjung Putih Village, Sepulu District, Bangkalan District and in Penatar Sewu Village Tanggulangin District Sidoarjo Regency. Sample size is determined from the amount of shrimp fry capacity stocked. The sampling technique was carried out by researchers by following activities in the field, census and visiting respondents directly on the farm or in the farmer's group home to obtain the information and data needed. The results showed that the best feed management was obtained the best results on the 4 sample ponds in Sidoarjo with an average final weight growth rate of 9.73 grams at the first partial harvest, 83% Feed Efficiency, and a 90% survival rate. As for the lowest feed management results obtained in sample ponds 1 Bangkalan with a yield of 6.98% growth, feed efficiency by 71% and survival rate of 86%. As for the results of the analysis of vannamei shrimp aquaculture business at different locations in Bangkalan and Sidoarjo districts, it was concluded that the best Production BEP was obtained in Sidoarjo's 4 sample ponds, amounting to 1427 kg. The best R / C ratio and Payback period is the average sample obtained in Sidoarjo. The conclusion of the best feed management and business analysis results is on the sidoajo sample ponds, the sidoarjo sample shows decent and efficient results.

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