The Addition of Honey Bee to The Feed for Increase The Growth of White Snapper Seeds (Lates calcarifer)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding honey to the feed for growth and the best dosage for the growth of white snapper seeds.The white snapper seeds used have an average weight of ± 2.5 g / fish.This study used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD).The experiment was carried out in 5 (five) treatments and each treatment had 3 (three) repetitions.The treatment consisted of adding honey to the feed with a treatment dose of (A) 0 ml / kg of feed, (B) 50 ml / kg of feed, (C) 100 ml / kg of feed, (D) 150 ml / kg of feed and (E) 200 ml / kg of feed.The results indicated that the addition of honey to the feed had a significant effect on the growth of white snapper seeds.The best dose of honey is at a dose of 200 ml / kg which has the best effect on fish growth.The condition of water quality during the study was in a suitable range for the life of white snapper seeds.

Potential of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria Edwardsiella tarda

This study analyzed the antibacterial activity of Moringa oliefera leaf extract against the growth of Edwardsiella tarda bacteria. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Moringa leaf extract (M. oliefera) against the growth of E.tarda bacteria. Inhibition testing is done by diffusion method (disc test). The disc test used five variations of concentration of 75 mg/L, 150 mg/L, 225 mg/L, 300 mg/L, and 375 mg/L on TSA (Tryptone Soya Agar) media and incubated for 2x24 hours. As a positive control, an antibiotic in the form of chloramphenicol was used. (5 mg/L) Moreover, distilled water was used as a negative control.Moringa leaf extract (M. oliefera) contains natural active compounds, bacteriostatic antibacterials, due to decreased bacterial growth after 48 hours of incubation. The highest inhibition diameter of E. tarda was 12.95 mm at a concentration of 375 mg/L after 24 hours incubation and decreased by 11.02 mm after 48 hours incubation. The highest inhibitory effectiveness was at a concentration of 375 mg/L with an effectiveness of 58.8%, while the effectiveness of the decrease was 48.1% after 48 hours of incubation.

Rob Potential in the Coastal City of Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT)

Coastal areas are dynamic and vulnerable to environmental changes, both due to natural processes and human activities, the coastal waters in Kupang City are strategic in supporting the development of the economic sector. Coastal areas have unique characteristics, both in terms of bio-geophysics and social, economic and cultural aspects. Some have a high level of vulnerability to global warming. The high value of vulnerability is inseparable from the geomorphological conditions of Kupang City in the form of sandy beaches and coastal erosion. This condition caused Kupang City to become one of the areas affected by tidal flooding. This research is a preliminary study which aims to determine the potential for rob in the coastal city of East Nusa Tenggara that occurred in February 2014. The impact of the tidal floods submerged residents' houses above the knees of adults as high as 70 cm.. The results of this study were to determine the potential for tidal reoccurrence in the city of Kupang, NTT based on tidal forecasting data. Based on the results of the analysis using the Admiralty method, it was found that the Formzhal (F) value for the coast of Kupang City was 25.82, the position of the lowest water level at Oesapa 2 Beach was 206.9 cm, while the sea level elevation position reached the highest peak on Kelapa Lima 2 Beach, namely 478, 5 cm. The value of the harmonic analysis results from the coastal area of Kupang City has HHWL (Highest High Water Level) which is 340.09 cm, the MSL (Mean Sea Level) value is 212.07 cm, and LLWL (Lowest Low Water Level) is 73.36 cm based on these results. The Kupang coast has the potential for tidal flooding.

Feasibility Analysis of Freshwater Fish Farming Business at Karya Mulya Fish Farming Group, Banyumas Regency

This study aims to determine the feasibility of freshwater fish farming as an effort to support the minapolitan area of the Banyumas Regency. The research was carried out in Karang Lewas District. Data collection was carried out proportionally by interviewing the fish farmers of each fish farming group. Data analysis on the feasibility of fish farming was performed using the B/C ratio, PP, and BEP (Break-Even Point) criteria. The analysis method of the business feasibility was an analysis of business costs and income. Results of the analysis of B/C ratio value in fish farming was 1.13 to 1.69, BEP calculation used data according to the respondents, while the Payback Period (PP) of the fish farming ranged between 1.00-1.49 meaning that the capital return in less than 5 years. Those values state that the activities of freshwater fish farming have a capital return of more or less over 1 - 1.5 years. It shows that the business of freshwater fish farming in both hatcheries and fish rearing is feasible to maintain.

A Multidimensional Approach to Assessing the Leverage Factors of the Sustainability of Seaweed Farming in Coastal Area of Parigi Moutong District, Indonesia

The sustainability of seaweed cultivation is influenced by multidimensional factors such as the quality of the aquatic environment, cultivation technology, economic contribution to cultivators, social conditions of the community, and government institutional support. This paper aims to reveal the leveraging factors for the sustainability of seaweed cultivation in the coastal area of Parigi Moutong Regency by using a multidimensional scaling approach and the RAPFISH application. The results showed that the sustainability of seaweed cultivation in the coastal area of Parigi Moutong Regency was in the less sustainable category. Leveraging factors that play an important role in the sustainability of seaweed farming are employment at the cultivator level and the feasibility of cultivation as a good factor, while the low quality of seeds of seaweed, socio-cultural capital, and fluctuating commodities prices are categorized as bad factors.

Aquaponic Biofloc Technology by Swamp Bacteria Probiotic for Clarias Catfish Rearing

Conventional catfish culture in Ogan Ilir (OI) have not optimal production, it can be increased by biofloc and aquaponics with local swamp bacteria as a starter. The purpose of this study was to apply biofloc technology and a combination of aquaponic-biofloc to increase the productivity of catfish (Clarias sp.) rearing. The study used two ponds, a biofloc circular pond and a combined biofloc and aquaponic (biofloqua) for two months. The results of the specific growth rate of fish in the aquaponic biofloc system were higher than that of the biofloc system alone. The survival of the fish during two rearing months of the Biofloqua system was 100% while the Biofloc system was 92-96%. The water quality data that measured were temperature, 30.3–31.9oC, Dissolved oxygen 4.5–7.2 mg.l-1, pH 6-7, and ammonia concentration 0.27-0.71 mg.l-1 in the biofloc system and 29.5-31.3oC, 4.7-7.4 mg.l-1, pH 6-7, 0.20-0.53 mg.l-1 in biofloqua system, respectively. The floc volume formation rate in the biofloc system alone reached 1.1 ml.l-1 per day, which was above the floc formation rate for the biofloqua system 0.42 ml.l-1 per day, due to the use of nutrients for plant growth. The combination of biofloc and aquaponics showed more optimal growth performance and both were efficient in feed (Food Conversion Ratio / FCR <1.00). Although the results of the 5% level t test showed no difference in the performance of the aquaculture biota between the two systems, Biofloqua can be an alternative to increase fish farmer income by harvesting vegetables and fish together.

Enriching Probiotics of Feed Using Curcuma to Increase Growth Rates of Tilapia Seeds (Oreochromis niloticus)

Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fish commodity widely cultivated since it is both easily cultivated and in demand by consumers. The growth of tilapia is influenced by the quality of the feed. Probiotics and herbal ingredients can optimize fish growth. One example of probiotics and herbal ingredients is PHL Pro and curcuma. This study aims to determine the effect of probiotics dose of the feed on the growth rates of tilapia seeds. This research was conducted in Pangandaran Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic Campus. The study was carried out using 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely Control or without the addition of probiotics, (P1) 150ml/kg feed, (P2) 200 ml/kg feed, (P3) 250 ml/kg feed. Fish growth measured by the researchers was the average weight and total length of fish every 7 days. Based on observations of the data, it can be concluded that the provision of probiotics in the feed affected the growth rate and total length of tilapia. The optimal dose of probiotics was 150 ml/kg of feed. Based on the study results, the best treatment was P1.

Growth Performance and Nutrient Composition of Mustard Green (Brassica juncea) cultured in Aquaponics Systems and Hydroponic System

Aquaculture waste is rich in various nutrient contents from uneaten feed, faeces or urine including nitrogen in terms of total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) and nitrite. With the help of nitrifying bacteria, the nitrogen wastes can be converted into nitrate which is one of the main components of commercial fertilizer in agriculture. This study aimed at comparing the growth and nutrient contents (crude protein, crude fat, energy, and antioxidant) of mustard Green (Brassica juncea) cultured in different culture media (aquaculture waste which is generally known as the aquaponics system vs hydroponic system which used commercial inorganic fertilizer). The aquaponics system was prepared by previously growing Nile tilapia fingerling, Oreochromis niloticus, for ~2 weeks to reach nitrate concentration on the effluent water ~30mg/L. Mustard Green was cultured in the system for 30 days. Nutrient availability in both systems was also monitored by measuring nitrate content and total dissolved solids. The results showed that the growth, nutrient content including crude protein, crude fat, total energy, and antioxidant content of the vegetable were not significantly different between the system, p>0.05. Nutrient availability especially in terms of nitrate was also not significantly different between the culture system. These results suggest that the aquaponics system could be used to produce vegetables with the same growth and nutrient content as a vegetable grown in the aquaponics system. Furthermore, aquaculture waste can be used to replace inorganic fertilizer to grow vegetables which later contribute to the reduction of total production cost.

The Effect of Giving Croton Leaf Crude Extract (Codiaeum variegatum) as an Alternative to The Antibacterial of Edwardsiella tarda in Vitro

Production problems related to aquaculture cannot be separated from diseases that can cause death in fish. Efforts to overcome the bacterial disease Edwardsiella tarda can be done by using natural materials such as the leaves of croton (Codiaeum variegatum). This study aimed to analyze the content of active compounds contained in croton leaf extract which is antibacterial against E. tarda bacteria. Inhibition test was performed by dilution method Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC test) and agar diffusion (disc test). The MIC test used five concentrations: 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 500 mg/L, and 1000 mg/L on Tryptone Soy Broth (TSB) media, while the disc test used five doses of croton leaf extract, namely: A (100 mg/L), B ( 200 mg/L), C (300 mg/L), D (400 mg/L) and E (500 mg/L), 2 controls (positive and negative), and three replications on Tryptone Soy Agar (TSA) media and incubated for 2x24 h. The positive control used chloramphenicol (5 mg/L) antibiotic. Croton leaf extract contains several compounds, namely saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and polyphenols, which are antibacterial and could kill the test bacteria with the highest average inhibition zone results obtained at a dose of E (500 mg/L) of 6.34 mm, while the lowest results were obtained at dose A (100 mg/L) of 3.12 mm.

Phylogenetic Study of Lempuk Fish (Gobiopterus sp.) in Ranu Grati Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequence of Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) Barcoding Region

Lempuk fish (Gobiopterus sp.) is one of the local species in Ranu Grati. The high level of Lempuk fishing and the low level of awareness of Grati community on the importance of conservation and domestication efforts, as well as the taxonomy of the fish itself have threatened the population. Therefore, long-term efforts should be undertaken to preserve and identify the origin of Lempuk fish by conducting a molecular phylogenetic study based on COI. This study aimed to determine, analyze and describe the kinship and phylogenetic relationships of Lempuk fish (Gobiopterus sp.). This study used a descriptive method, starting from the specimen collection, extraction by the Phenol-Chloroform method and amplification by the PCR method, to the screening process. The data analysis method used the MEGA 5 application. Phylogenetic study used the Maximum Likelihood method with a bootstrap value of 1.000 times. The results showed that the intra-population genetic distance of Lempuk fish is low at 0.00%. Genetic distance between the population of Lempuk fish is relatively high with G. brachypterus from Malaysia of 22.4%, Central Java of 21.5%, and India of 21.4% and with G. lacustris from Malaysia of 22.5%, the Philippines of 21.6% %, Thailand of 19.7%, and with G. chuno and G. semivestitus of 21.2% and 23.6% accordingly. The phylogenetic study obtained showed the formation of a separate group that is different between Lempuk fish group and other Gobiopterus fish, supported by a bootsrap value of 99%.