scholarly journals Effect of sunflower oil supplementation as unsaturated fatty acid source on rumen fermentability and performance of lactating Garut ewes

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Khotijah ◽  
E. I. Pandiangan ◽  
D. A. Astuti ◽  
K. G. Wiryawan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
And Performance

The study was aimed to evaluate the increasing levels of ration energy, with fat-rich unsaturated fatty acids from sunflower oil on the nutrient intake, rumen fermentability and performance of ewes. The experiment used fifteen ewes of 1.5 years old, primiparous, caged individually with their lambs and conducted three treatments and five replications from a completely randomized designed. Those treatments included R1= ration with 0% sunflower oil addition, R2= ration with 4%sunflower oil addition, R3= ration with 6% sunflower oil addition. The variables consisted of dry matter intake, nutrients, ewes performances (birth weight, weaning weight, decreased of body weight), total and partial VFA, the ratio of acetate: propionate, methane production, protozoa and bacterial population. Data were analyzed statistically and descriptively. The results showed that the treatments did not influence dry matter intake and nutrients,. rumen fermentability and ewes performances. Although the treatments increased (P<0.01) fatconsumption and reduced shrinkage of body weight. It can be concluded that the adding sunflower oil as the resource of unsaturated fatty acids up to 6% of the ration was not negatively affected the fermentability of rumen, moreover can improve ewes body condition and, accelerated body weight recovery

scholarly journals Digestive parameters during gestation of Holstein heifers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Marcela Vieira Pereira ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho ◽  
Joel Caton ◽  
Anna Luiza Lacerda Sguizzato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

AbstractOur objective was to estimate nutrient intake, ruminal flow, total apparent and ruminal digestibility, rates of passage and digestion, ruminal and omasal pH, blood metabolite concentrations, and body measurements during gestation of Holstein heifers. Eleven pregnant Holstein heifers, 8 of which fitted with a rumen cannula (450 ± 27.6 kg of body weight and 20 ± 3.5 months of initial age) were used. All heifers received the same diet composed of corn silage, soybean meal, corn meal, minerals and vitamins, with a corn silage:concentrate ratio of 50:50 (on a dry matter basis), aiming an average daily gain of approximately 1.0 kg. The sampling periods were established according to the days of gestation: 145, 200, and 255 with a duration of 10 days per period. Total fecal samples were collected to estimate dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber digestibility. Blood samples were collected to analyze metabolites (non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, urea, and glucose). Data were analyzed as a repeated measurements scheme, using MIXED procedure, with differences declared when P < 0.05. Dry matter intake expressed in kg/day increased from d-145 to d-200, and remaining stable until d-255 of gestation. The same results were observed for organic matter and crude protein intake, increasing 15.0 and 35.8% respectively. In contrast, when dry matter intake was evaluated as % body weight, we observed a decrease of 16.7% from d-200 to d-255. Days of gestation did not influence ruminal flow of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber. We observed an increase in the ruminal digestibility of neutral detergent fiber by 20.5%. The apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein changed over days of gestation, with an increase of 11.9, 8.5, and 9.8%, respectively, when comparing d-145 with d-200. The rate of digestion of neutral detergent fiber increased from 2.0 to 3.5% h-1. Glucose levels decreased, while β-hydroxybutirate and non-esterified fatty acids increased from d-145 to d-255. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a reduction in dry matter intake in % body weight due to pregnancy. It also shows an increase in total apparent digestibility through gestation, which imply a greater efficiency of use of nutrients by pregnant animals. Thus, further research is still needed to consolidate such results and to elucidate the mechanism about nutrient usage during the final third of gestation in heifers.

The effects of body condition at calving, food intake and performance in early lactation on blood composition of dairy cows given complete diets

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Garnsworthy ◽  
J. H. Topps
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
And Performance

ABSTRACTIn each of two trials, three groups of eight cows, with condition scores of 1-5 to 2, 2-5 to 3 and 3-5 to 4 at calving, were given a complete diet for the first 16 weeks of lactation. Food intake, milk yield, live weight and condition score were measured, and related to levels of plasma glucose and free fatty acids, serum insulin, prolactin and progesterone in weekly blood samples, in an attempt to explain differences in food intake.In both trials, levels of plasma free fatty acids were high after calving for all cows and declined rapidly until week 8, after which they were fairly constant. Glucose and insulin levels increased after calving, producing curves similar to that for dry-matter intake in the first 8 weeks of lactation. Prolactin levels fluctuated too markedly to provide useful information. Progesterone levels increased until week 7 and then fluctuated at 3-week intervals coincident with oestrus. Dry-matter intake was negatively correlated with free fatty acid levels and positively correlated with insulin in trial 1, and with glucose and progesterone in both trials.

scholarly journals Nutritional, behavioral and performance parameters of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows at different lactation stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1469-1478
Author(s):  
P.F. Santana ◽  
V.R. Rocha Júnior ◽  
F.P. Monção ◽  
J.R.M. Ruas ◽  
L.A. Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Zebu Cows

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the different lactation stages of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows on intake and digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen use efficiency, feeding behavior and performance. Thirty-six F1 Holstein × Zebu cows with initial body weight (BW) of 482±43kg were used. The early, mid and late lactation stages were characterized after 50±13, 111.5±11.75 and 183.0±17.5 days in milk, respectively. A completely randomized design with three lactation stages and 12 cows in each treatment group was used. Dry matter intake (P=0.01) was higher in late lactation. Milk yield (P<0.01) was 24.17% higher in early lactation than in other stages. Body weight was lowest in mid-lactation cows (465.63kg; P<0.01). The feed efficiency was 23.36% higher in early lactation than in other stages (0.82kg of milk/kg of DM). F1 Holstein x Zebu cows have increased dry matter intake in late lactation. Milk yield and feed efficiency in early lactation were benefited by changes in feeding behavior, such as increased rumination time.

scholarly journals Intake, digestibility and performance of lambs fed with diets containing cassava peels

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilmara Santos Guimarães ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Luciano Lemos da Silva ◽  
Luísa Miranda Girardi Galvão ◽  
Lenon Machado dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cassava Peel

Sheep farming is designated to economic exploitation, and dry matter intake is the most important factor that influences the performance of animal, thus seeking alternative foods. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inclusion levels of cassava peel on intake, digestibility and performance of feedlot lambs. We used 32 crossbred lambs Santa Inês uncastrated, mean body weight of 21 ± 1.5 kg. Treatments were arranged in a randomized design to animals, with inclusion levels of cassava peel (0, 10, 20, 30%) in the diet dry matter and forage cassava leaf hay. During 70 days, there have been weighing the food provided, leftovers, and animals, and feces collection. The intake of dry matter (DMI), organic matter (OMI), crude protein (CPI), ether extract (EEI), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDIap), total carbohydrates (CTI), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFCI), total digestible nutrients (TDNI), as well as DMI and NDFap/kgCP, DMI and NDFIap/PC0.75 levels have not been affected by the inclusion of cassava peel. Similar results for DM digestibility, NDF, CP, MO, CT and the TDN. DEE had a growing linear effect whereas DNFC presented a quadratic effect. Average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (FC), initial body weight (BWinitial), final body weight (BWfinal), warm carcass weight (WCW) and warm carcass yield (WCR) showed no changes. It is concluded that the peel cassava may be included in diet until 30%, without change dry matter intake and animal performance.

Effect of spring versus autumn grass/clover silage and rapeseed supplementation on milk production, composition and quality in Jersey cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Krogh Larsen ◽  
Stefania Vogdanou ◽  
Anne Louise F. Hellwing ◽  
Iga Rybicka ◽  
Martin Riis Weisbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Jersey Cows

The composition of grass/clover silage varies depending on time of harvest time. In particular silage from late regrowths is expected to contain lower fibre and higher linolenic acid concentrations compared to spring growth, thereby autumn silage is expected to increase linolenic acid content of milk fat. Rapeseed supplementation is expected to increase milk production and to increase all C18 fatty acids in milk fat. An interaction between rapeseed and silage type is expected, as hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in rapeseed is expected to be less when low fibre silage is fed. Thirty-six Jersey cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design, for 4 periods of 3 weeks and with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments: spring grass/clover silage from primary growth or autumn grass/clover silage which was an equal mixture of 3rd regrowth and 4th regrowth, with or without rapeseed supplementation. Dry matter intake and milk production was higher for autumn than for spring silage. Rapeseed supplementation did not affect dry matter intake, but increased milk production. The concentrations of C18 : 1cis9, C18 : 2n6 and β-carotene and C18 : 3n3 in milk were increased whereas the concentrations of C16 : 0, riboflavin and α-tocopherol were decreased with autumn silage. The majority of C18 FAs in milk and α-tocopherol concentration increased with rapeseed whereas C11 : 0 to C16 : 0 FA were reduced. Autumn silage reduced biohydrogenation of C18 : 2n6, whereas rapeseed increased biohydrogenation of C18 : 2n6 and reduced biohydrogenation of C18 : 3n3. Apparent recovery of C18 : 2n6 was reduced with rapeseed. Minor interaction effects of silage type and rapeseed addition were observed for some milk fatty acids. Feeding silage from late regrowth increased linolenic acid concentration in milk fat. Rapeseed inclusion increased milk production, and increased C18 : 0 as well as C18 : 1 fatty acids, but not C18 : 2 and C18 : 3 in milk fat. Interactions between silage type and rapeseed supplementation were minimal.

VALUE OF WHOLE PLANT FABA BEAN SILAGE AS THE SOLE FORAGE FOR LACTATING COWS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. McKNIGHT ◽  
G. K. MacLEOD
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Whole Plant

Lactating Holstein cows fed either whole plant faba bean silage or grass–legume silage as sole forage produced similar yields of milk of comparable composition. Dry matter intake and body weight gain were greater for cattle fed faba bean silage, but apparent digestibility of dry matter, protein and energy, and proportions of rumen volatile fatty acids were similar.

scholarly journals Enhancing the DHA content in milk from dairy cows by feeding ALL-G-RICH™

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Moran ◽  
M. Morlacchini ◽  
G. Fusconi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Omega 3

SummaryThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary inclusion of 6 g/kg dry matter intake of an unextracted Aurantiochytrium limacinum algae (AURA) in mid-lactation Italian Friesian cows under commercial conditions on milk yield, milk composition and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content. Cows were allocated to two groups (n = 18; 108.2 ± 66.1 and 104.4 ± 54.6 days in milk, control and treated groups, respectively). Feeding AURA for 84 d had no effect on dry matter intake, body condition score or weight gain, but did improve milk yield by 1.9 kg/cow/d (+5.4%; P < 0.1) over the course of the experiment. Milk fat concentration declined by 12% (P < 0.0001) without any significant change in 4% fat corrected milk, protein or lactose. Supplementing AURA for 12 weeks substantially altered the fatty acid profile of milk compared with milk from CON-fed cows such that the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids increased, omega-3 fatty acid content increased by 73.1% (P < 0.0001) and was accompanied by a favourable increase in the omega-3:6 fatty acid ratio by 75.0% (P < 0.0001). The AURA supplement, during day 7–84, increased the DHA concentration to 0.37 g /100 g milk total fatty acids (P < 0.0001) with a mean transfer efficiency of 18.1% from feed to milk. Together these results indicated that supplementing a dairy cow diet with DHA-rich microalgae is a feasible and efficient means for creating DHA-enriched milk for human consumption.

scholarly journals Total Replacement of Millet Silage with BRS-716 Biomass Sorghum Silage in Crossbred Dairy Heifers Diets: Nutrient Intake and Digestibility, Microbial Protein Synthesis, Ingestive Behavior, and Growth Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Ferreira da Hora ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueira ◽  
Matheus Wilson Silva Cordeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Sorghum Silage

Abstract This study addressed the different proportions of millet and sorghum silage biomass BRS 716 (BRS-716 silage) in the diet of crossbred heifers ½ to ¾ Holstein x Zebu on their nutrient intake, and digestibility, microbial protein synthesis, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior, and growth performance. Five experimental diets with 0, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25, and 100% of BRS-716 silage in compared to millet silage were evaluated. The roughage: concentrate ratio in the total dry matter (DM) of the diets was 75:25. The diets were evaluated in ten heifers with an initial body weight of 264.95 ± 19.4 kg (± SEM), following the experimental design in two 5 x 5 Latin squares, simultaneously. The increase in the proportion of BRS-716 silage in the diet of crossbred dairy heifers did not change the dry matter intake (DMI), total digestible nutrients, indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDFI), and metabolizable energy. The means observed for DMI, and iNDFI were 7.85 kg/day, and 1.18 kg/day, respectively. For the excretion of purine derivatives, and microbial synthesis, there was no significant effect (P > 0.05), the mean microbial crude protein synthesis was 503.37 g/day. The different proportions of the BRS-716 silage, and millet silage did not change the final body weight (P = 0.89), weight gain (P = 0.08), feed efficiency (P = 0.50), and the body measurements of heifers (P > 0.05). The final body weight and average daily gain of heifers were 278.46 kg, and 0.795 kg/day, respectively. The millet silage, and BRS-716 silage in the diet of crossbred Holstein x Zebu heifers, used exclusively or combined in different proportions, allow dry matter intake, and nutrients, digestibility, nitrogen balance, microbial crude protein synthesis, ingestive behavior, and performance similar body.

EFFECT OF GINGER, LEMURU FISH OIL SAPONIFICATION AND OLIVE OIL ON COMPOSITION FATTY ACID OF BEEF

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Siwitri Kadarsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

The objective was to get beef that contain unsaturated fatty acids (especially omega 3 and 6), so as to improve intelligence, physical health for those who consume. The study design using CRD with 3 treatments, each treatment used 4 Bali cattle aged approximately 1.5 years. Observations were made 8 weeks. Pasta mixed with ginger provided konsentrat. P1 (control); P2 (6% saponification lemuru fish oil, olive oil 1%; rice bran: 37.30%; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 100 g); P3 (lemuru fish oil saponification 8%, 2% olive oil; rice bran; 37.30; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 200 g). Konsentrat given in the morning as much as 1% of the weight of the cattle based on dry matter, while the grass given a minimum of 10% of the weight of livestock observation variables include: fatty acid composition of meat. Data the analyzies qualitative. The results of the study showed that the composition of saturated fatty acids in meat decreased and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic acid (omega 6) and linolenic acid (omega 3), and deikosapenta deikosaheksa acid.Keywords : 

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