Integrasi Program Pencegahan HIV/AIDS melalui Transmisi Seksual ke dalam Sistim Kesehatan di Kota Kupang

Background: HIV and AIDS prevention efforts in Indonesia could not be denied that it is still influenced by global health initiatives. As global initiatives continue to decline, efforts to integrate HIV and AIDS programs into the framework of the national health system are both challenges and hopes for achieving program effectiveness and sustainability. This study aims to explore how far the integration of HIV transmission program through sexual transmission into the health system contributes to the effectiveness of programs at the Kupang City level. Method: The method used in this research is qualitative analysis with case study design as an effort to understand more deeply the relationship between the integration and effectiveness of AIDS prevention program. In this study the 'case' chosen was HIV prevention programs through sexual transmission for Female Sex Workers. Results: The results of the study showed that in the prevention of HIV transmission programs through sexual transmission as many as five sub-systems of health were partially integrated, including sub-systems of management and regulation, health financing, human resource management, provision of pharmaceuticals and medical devices and sub-systems for community participation management, while the strategic information sub sub-system is not integrated in the health system. The integration of some sub-systems into the health system does not contribute to the effectiveness of the program. Therefore, it was necessary to strengthen each sub-systim, especially in regions ranging from regulation, planning and budget including human resources to increase regional independence and not rely on foreign funds for the implementation of HIV prevention programs through sexual transmission, besides that it also increases collaboration with stakeholders.

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The Social Conditions for Successful Peer Education: A Comparison of Two HIV Prevention Programs Run by Sex Workers in India and South Africa

American Journal of Community Psychology ◽

10.1007/s10464-009-9254-8 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (1-2) ◽

pp. 123-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Flora Cornish ◽

Catherine Campbell

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Peer Education ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Social Conditions ◽

The Social

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O12.4 Impact and cost-effectiveness of hiv prevention interventions among transgender women sex-workers in lima, peru using mathematical modelling informed by stakeholder analysis and health system capacity evaluation

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

10.1136/sextrans-2015-052270.145 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 91 (Suppl 2) ◽

pp. A52.1-A52

Author(s):

A Bórquez ◽

A Silva-Santisteban ◽

J Guanira ◽

X Salazar ◽

P Caballero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Hiv Prevention ◽

Mathematical Modelling ◽

Health System ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Stakeholder Analysis ◽

System Capacity ◽

Capacity Evaluation ◽

Prevention Interventions ◽

Hiv Prevention Interventions

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Sex Workers and HIV/AIDS in India

Encyclopedia of Social Work ◽

10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.1189 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sunny Sinha

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Work Practice ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Social Work Practice ◽

Sexual Practices ◽

Indian Society ◽

Sex Worker ◽

Different Types

The risk of HIV infection looms large among male, female, and transgender sex workers in India. Several individual, sociocultural, and structural-environmental factors enhance the risk of HIV infection among sex workers by restricting their ability to engage in safer sexual practices with clients and/or intimate partners. While most HIV prevention programs and research focus on visible groups of women sex workers operating from brothels (Pardasani, 2005) and traditional sex workers, for example, Devadasis (Orchard, 2007); there is a whole subgroup of the sex worker population that remains invisible within HIV prevention programs, such as the male, female, and transgender sex workers operating from non-brothel-based settings. This paper provides an overview of the different types and contexts of sex work prevalent in Indian society, discusses the factors that increase a sex worker’s risk of HIV infection, describes the varied approaches to HIV prevention adopted by the existing HIV prevention programs for sex workers, discusses the limitations of the HIV prevention programs, and concludes with implications for social work practice and education.

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The Balm of Gilead: Is the Provision of Treatment to Those Who Seroconvert in HIV Prevention Trials a Matter of Moral Obligation or Moral Negotiation?

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1111/j.1748-720x.2006.00099.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 793-808 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Charles Weijer ◽

Guy J. LeBlanc

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

National Institutes Of Health ◽

International Studies ◽

Phnom Penh ◽

Antiretroviral Drug ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Prevention Trials ◽

Gates Foundation

Is there no balm in Gilead; is there no physician there? Why then is not the health of the daughter of my people recovered?(Jeremiah 8:22)In July of 2004, Cambodian sex workers staged a protest of an HIV prevention trial set to enroll 900 sex workers in Phnom Penh, charging the study planners with exploitation. The Cambodian study was one of a series of international clinical trials sponsored by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Gates Foundation) testing the safety and efficacy of tenofovir (Viread), an antiretroviral drug produced by Gilead Sciences, Inc., to prevent HIV transmission. To date, two of these international studies have been closed and one is suspended, prompting calls for re-examination of the ethics of HIV prevention trials.

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Pedagogic Discourse

International Journal for Innovation Education and Research ◽

10.31686/ijier.vol2.iss7.206 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (7) ◽

pp. 37-46

Author(s):

James Kimeli Sang ◽

Dr. Joseph Lelan ◽

Susan Jelagat Korir

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Secondary Schools ◽

Detailed Analysis ◽

Aids Prevention ◽

Prevention Programs ◽

Hiv And Aids ◽

Health Concern ◽

Education Programs ◽

Prevention Education ◽

Pedagogic Discourse

HIV and AIDS is an epidemic that has remained a serious health concern across the globe for more than a quarter of a century since it was first diagnosed in 1981. This is in spite of a myriad of health education and prevention programs that have been developed and are in use. Current studies in Kenya concur that information on HIV and AIDS prevention is readily available. Focus is now on quality and policies that guide implementation of prevention education programs. This paper therefore attempts to give a detailed analysis of the HIV and AIDS curriculum that is used in Secondary Schools in Kenya. This is achieved by using Basil Bernstein’s model of Pedagogic discourse. This model entails a set of concepts and criteria which are invaluable in studying the curriculum. The classroom texts and class readers are critically analyzed using this model so as to illuminate on this curriculum.

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Knowledge and Attitude on STDs and HIV and AIDS among Secondary School Students

Shiksha Shastra Saurabh ◽

10.3126/sss.v21i0.35073 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 19-23

Author(s):

Basanta Kumar Baral

Keyword(s):

Secondary School ◽

Sex Education ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Secondary School Students ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Hiv And Aids ◽

School Students ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

The study was carried out to find out the knowledge and attitude on STDs and HIV and AIDS among Secondary School students of Kathmandu District. This study followed the simple random sampling method to select the respondents. Altogether 120adolescents were the respondents of the study and questionnaire and attitude scale were the tools of the study. The study found that, 25 percent answered full form of STDs and HIV and AIDS correctly. Almost 50 percent of the respondents had knowledge about commercial sex workers who had high risk of STDs and HIV transmission. Similarly, 62.5 percent respondents who answered sex education is needed and same percent expressed condom is on of the most important devices that protect STDs and HIV and AIDS transmission. Premarital and extra marital sex may cause STDs and HIV and AIDS was responded as 25.00, 23.33, 18.33, 30.00 and 3.33 percent as strongly agreed, agreed, undecided, disagreed and strongly disagreed respectively. In the statement ‘students must get proper sexual and reproductive health from junior to higher education’ to prevent and control HIV and AIDS and other STDs and 30.00, 23.33, 15.00, 8.33 and 23.33 percent respondents agreed, undecided, disagreed and strongly disagreed respectively. It seems that respondents were deprived to get proper knowledge on STDs and HIV and AIDS. Hence, government must monitor schools whether they are providing SRH properly or not and also government must appoint the concern academic background HPE Ed. teacher to teach SRH matter properly.

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Pemberdayaan Majelis Gereja Untuk Pencegahan HIV dan AIDS Di Amanatun Utara Nusa Tenggara Timur

Warta Pengabdian ◽

10.19184/wrtp.v13i1.9826 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Imelda Februati Ester Manurung

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Hiv And Aids ◽

Village Community ◽

Transmission Prevention ◽

Support Skills ◽

The Village ◽

High Migration

Kasus HIV dan AIDS saat ini tidak saja ditemukan di populasi kunci, tetapi juga sudah di populasi umum seperti ibu rumah tangga di pedesaan. Tingginya migrasi penduduk desa untuk mencari kerja di luar daerah merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadi penularan HIV. Masyarakat desa pada umumnya masih mempercayai tokoh rohani seperti majelis gereja dalam menyampaikan pesan kesehatan. Untuk itu pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan majelis gereja untuk memberikan dukungan pencegahan HIV di masyarakat. Metode pelaksanaan yaitu dengan pelatihan disertai pre dan pos tes serta praktek keterampilan dukungan pencegahan HIV. Pada akhirnya majelis diminta untuk membuat rencana kerja selama 1 bulan setelah pelatihan kemudian dilakukan monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan tentang HIV dan AIDS, penularan, pencegahan dan pengobatannya. Selain itu keterampilan dukungan pencegahan HIV juga meningkat. Majelis juga melakukan seluruh rencana kerja yaitu memberikan dukungan pencegahan HIV minimal pada tiga orang yang berpotensi tertular HIV seperti bekas TKI atau pekerja di luar daerah. Kesimpulan dari pengabdian ini yaitu perlu memberdayakan seluruh komponen desa untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan HIV dan AIDS di seluruh lapisan masyarakat desa dengan tingkat migrasi penduduk cukup tinggi. Kata kunci: pemberdayaan, majelis, HIV dan AIDS HIV and AIDS cases are currently not only found in key populations but also in the general population, such as rural housewives. The high migration of villagers to look for work outside their current areas is one of the risk factors for HIV transmission. The village community in general still believes in spiritual figures, such as church assemblies, in delivering health messages. For this purpose, the service aims to empower church assemblies to provide HIV prevention support in the community. The method of implementation is by training with pre and test posts as well as practice with HIV prevention support skills. In the end, the assembly was asked to make a work plan for one month after the training and then carried out monitoring and evaluation. The result of this service is an increased in knowledge about HIV and AIDS, transmission, prevention, and treatment. In addition, HIV prevention support skills have also increased. The assembly also carried out all work plans, including providing minimum HIV prevention support to three people who have the potential to contract HIV such as former migrant workers or workers outside the area. The conclusion of this service is the need to empower all village components to make efforts to prevent HIV and AIDS in all levels of the village community with high levels of population migration. Keywords: empowerment, assembly, HIV and AIDS

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The Intersection between Sex Work and Reproductive Health in Northern Karnataka, India: Identifying Gaps and Opportunities in the Context of HIV Prevention

AIDS Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/842576 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Marissa Becker ◽

Satyanarayana Ramanaik ◽

Shiva Halli ◽

James F. Blanchard ◽

T. Raghavendra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Prevention ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Hiv Testing ◽

Sex Work ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Prevention Program ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Hiv Interventions ◽

To Receive

Objective. To examine the reproductive health practices of female sex workers (FSWs) in the context of an HIV prevention program in Karnataka, India.Methods. Data obtained from a survey of 1,011 FSWs registered with an HIV prevention program. We examined reproductive health indicators, and performed multivariate logistic regression among primiparous FSWs to assess sex work during pregnancy and antenatal HIV testing.Results. Among primiparous FSWs (N=251), 92.0% continued sex work during pregnancy, and 55.4% received antenatal HIV testing. A longer duration in sex work (AOR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.0–7.5), rural residence (AOR 3.3, 95% CI: 1.2–8.9), and antenatal HIV testing (AOR 6.3, 95% CI: 2.0–20.1) were associated with continued sex work during pregnancy. Older FSWs (age >25 years, AOR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05–0.33), who delivered at home (AOR 0.14, 95% CI: 0.09–0.34), were least likely to receive antenatal HIV testing. Antenatal HIV testing was associated with awareness of methods to prevent vertical HIV transmission (AOR 3.9, 95% CI: 1.9–14.1).Conclusions. Antenatal HIV testing remains low in the context of ongoing sex work during pregnancy. Existing HIV prevention programs are well positioned to immediately integrate reproductive health care with HIV interventions targeted to FSWs.

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