scholarly journals Comparative account of vitamin C contents, antioxidant properties and iron contents of minor fruits in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashini Imalsha Abeysuriya ◽  
Vajira P Bulugahapitiya ◽  
Loku Pullukkutige Jayatissa
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Ic50 Values

Sri Lanka is a habitat of diverse fruit varieties; nevertheless 95% of them are underutilized by people due to unawareness of their nutritional values and health aspects, and hence become ‘minor fruits’. This study was aimed on revealing vitamin C, iron and antioxidant contents of 29 varieties of minor fruits (MFs) with the comparison of the same with three best commonly consumable fruits (CFs), namely Carica papaya, Mangifera indica and Psidium guajava. Ascorbic acid (Asc), dehydroascorbic acid (DAsc), vitamin C (TC), phenolic (TP), flavonoid (TF), iron (Fe) contents and antioxidant capacities (AOCs) of fruits were determined using standard methods. The results of mean Asc, DAsc, TC, TP, TF and Fe contents in 100 gm of MFs ranged from 3.1 to 121.5 mg, 1.2 to 70.7 mg, 6.6 to 136.1 mg, 24.9 to 1613.3 mg Gallic acid equivalent, 6.2 to 228.0 mg Quercetin equivalents and 0.2 to 4.9 mg respectively. DPPH and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays were used for AOCs and variation of IC50 values in a DPPH assay was 1.2 to 245.4 mg/ml whereas FRAP values ranged from 9.6 to 486.7 ?mol FeSO4/gm. Among the studied minor fruits, Melastoma malabathricum (Maha bovitiya/ Malabar melastome) is found as the best respect to all considered parameters. As a conclusion, it can be stated that, the Sri Lankan minor fruits are good alternatives to the common fruits as they are recognized as good source of vitamin C, iron and higher content of antioxidants. As an outcome, Sri Lankan minor fruits can be promoted as alternatives to common fruits and as source of revenue for national economy.

scholarly journals Total Vitamin C, Ascorbic Acid, Dehydroascorbic Acid, Antioxidant Properties, and Iron Content of Underutilized and Commonly Consumed Fruits in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Hashini I. Abeysuriya ◽  
Vajira P. Bulugahapitiya ◽  
Jayatissa Loku Pulukkuttige
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Frap Assay

Sri Lanka is rich in a wide diversity of fruits, but many are underutilized by the people in Sri Lanka despite their nutritional value. This is mainly due to little awareness of the palatability of many fruits and hence low popularity in the market. The present study aimed at providing comparative data on the main biochemical and nutritional parameters of thirty-seven (37) species of fruits grown in Sri Lanka, including 22 underutilized fruits and 15 commonly consumed fruits. The main parameters of the comparison were the contents of ascorbic acid (AA), total vitamin C (TVC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total iron (Fe), and antioxidant capacities (ACs). The mean AA, TVC, TPC, TFC, and Fe contents in 100 g of fresh edible portions of fruits ranged from 2.0 to 185.0 mg, 8.1 to 529.6 mg, 12.9 to 2701.7 mg gallic acid equivalent, 0.2 to 117.5 mg quercetin equivalents, and 0.1 to 1.1 mg, respectively. The IC50 values in a DPPH assay varied between 0.8 to 1856.7 mg/mL and FRAP values in a FRAP assay ranged from 4.2 to 2070 μmol FeSO4/g in the studied fruits. Fruits were ranked based on the levels of the abovementioned biochemical properties. Using this ranking, 12 of the top 15 fruits were underutilized. Phyllanthus emblica (Indian gooseberry) is at the top of these underutilized fruits, and Psidium guajava (guava) is the best among commonly consumed fruits. These results indicate that underutilized fruits in Sri Lanka can be recommended as high quality and low-cost alternatives for securing nutritional requirements. Hence, underutilized fruits can be promoted as healthy additional fruits in Sri Lanka.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Bioactive Characteristics of Wild Grown Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferit CELIK ◽  
Mehmet Ramazan BOZHUYUK ◽  
Sezai ERCISLI ◽  
Muttalip GUNDOGDU
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power

In present study, fruit weight, fruit firmness, external fruit color, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolics, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity of eight wild bilberry grown in Coruh valley in northeastern Turkey were determined. The blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ is also included study to make comparison with bilberry genotypes. Antioxidant activity of bilberry and blueberry fruits were comparatively assessed by FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay. Significantly higher content of phenolics and anthocyanins was found in bilberry fruits than in blueberry fruits. However blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ exhibited higher fruit weight and vitamin C content than bilberry fruits. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin content was 327 mg gallic acid equivalent and 142 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruit in cv. ‘Bluecrop’ while it was between 492-563 mg gallic acid equaivalent and 307-342 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruits of  bilberry accessions. Moreover, wild accessions approximately had 2-3 folds higher antioxidant capacity than cv. ‘Bluecrop’. Results suggest the possibility of improving the bioactive and antioxidant properties of bilberry cultivars based food products by using wild ones in cross breeding. It was also concluded that genotypes significantly affect their bioactive content and consequently the possibility of using wild bilberry fruits as a potential source of natural antioxidants in food industry.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) Varieties Cultivated in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sooriya Arachchige Sachini Jayawardana ◽  
Jayanetti Koralalage Ramani Radhika Samarasekera ◽  
Gardhi Hettiarachchige Chamari Madhu Hettiarachchi ◽  
Jaanaki Gooneratne ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Oxidative Burst ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The prevalence of inflammatory-mediated and oxidative stress-associated diseases is increasing worldwide, creating an increasing demand for novel sources of anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants. This study was focused on determining the in vitro arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (A5-LOX), xanthine oxidase (XO), hyaluronidase and oxidative burst inhibitory activities, and antioxidant properties of Ravi, Rawana, and Oshadha finger millet varieties using ethanolic and methanolic extracts. Among all extracts, the methanolic extract of Oshadha exhibited the highest A5-LOX (IC50 value: 484.42 μg/ml) and XO (IC50 value: 764.34 μg/ml) inhibitory activities. All extracts showed less than 50% hyaluronidase inhibitory activity at 1 mg/ml concentration. Methanolic extracts showed moderate inhibitory potential on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from whole blood phagocytes, with IC50 values ranging between 26.9 and 27.7 μg/ml, when compared to ibuprofen (IC50 value: 11.18 μg/ml). All extracts showed potent inhibition of ROS produced from polymorphonuclear neutrophils isolated from human blood when compared to ibuprofen (IC50 value: 2.47 μg/ml) and IC50 values of methanolic and ethanolic extracts ranged from 0.29 to 0.47 μg/ml and 1.35 to 1.70 μg/ml, respectively. All extracts had significantly high amounts of phenolic compounds including flavonoids and the potential to scavenge 2,2 ′ -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS) cation, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and oxygen radicals. Besides, they were able to reduce metal ions and chelate metal ions terminating radical generating reactions. This is the first report of A5-LOX, XO, hyaluronidase, and oxidative burst inhibitory properties of any extract of any finger millet variety cultivated in Sri Lanka. The findings revealed the potential of using these finger millet extracts as natural sources of anti-inflammatory drug candidates. Additionally, the findings indicated that Ravi, Rawana, and Oshadha varieties are good sources of antioxidants. Therefore, consumption of these finger millet varieties on a regular basis may play an important role in the prevention and dietary management of oxidative stress-associated diseases.

scholarly journals ROLE OF VITAMIN C IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Ricky Mittal ◽  
Mr. Kedar Prasad Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia

INTRODUCTION:  Diabetes Mellitus is influenced by genetic and environmental factors and it is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, altered insulin secretion, and insulin resistance. Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient with potent antioxidant properties and it can protect important biomolecules from oxidation by participating in oxidation-reduction reactions and it is readily oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid, which in turn is reduced back to ascorbate. In T2DM patients Vitamin C levels are usually low as blood glucose may compete with vitamin C for uptake into cells due to its structural similarity to the oxidised form, and increased oxidative stress may deplete antioxidant stores. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a prospective, double-blinded, 12-week study. A total of 100 T2DM patients were included in the study and were divided randomly in to 2 groups of 50 each (study group and placebo group). Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined in EDTA blood by standard methods. Fasting glucose was measured in blood collected in fluoride oxalate tubes. The vitamin C concentration of the processed samples was determined. Drug (Vitamin C and Placebo) was issued to patients for duration of thirty days at a time. Patients were asked to bring the unused drugs and container during the follow-up. All patients were maintained on their usual dietary pattern while limiting their consumption of vitamin C-rich foods throughout the study. RESULTS: Mean age in Vitamin C group was 44.23 ± 6.58 while in placebo group was 43.75 ± 5.54. There were 31 male and 19 female in Vitamin C group. In Placebo group male and female were 30 and 20respectively. No statistical significance was observed in both the group. At 12 weeks fasting blood sugar levels were decreased by -21.45 ± 3.78 in patients receiving Vitamin C while in placebo group reduction was -6.41± 2.87. Post meal blood sugar was reduced by -22.77 ± 2.45 in vitamin C group while in placebo it was -7.44± 3.78. CONCLUSION: Supplementation of Vitamin C to T2DM patients can effectively reduce the blood glucose levels and HbA1C levels and regular assessment of Vitamin C levels are necessary in T2DM patients.

scholarly journals (196) A Comparison of Fruit Quality and Antioxidant Properties of Alabama-grown Kiwi

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050D-1050
Author(s):  
Ming-Wei S. Kao ◽  
Floyd Woods ◽  
William A. Dozier ◽  
Robert C. Ebel ◽  
Chang Y. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Kiwi Fruit ◽  
Antioxidant Power

The health status of Alabama's population ranks above the national average with respect to the prevalence of poor overall health indicators. Consumer knowledge of the health benefits of consumption of fresh fruit is lacking. The compositional and nutritional qualities of fruit are highly variable among states with different climate, soil, and other environmental conditions. Compositional and nutritional data of fresh fruit that reflect Alabama growing conditions is limited. Commercially fully ripened kiwi fruit (Actinidia deliciosa cvs. Fitzgerald and Hayward) were compared for fruit quality (pH, TA, °Brix, °Brix/TA, and soluble sugars), and antioxidant properties; Vitamin C (reduced, oxidized, and total), Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (VCEAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH radical scavenging activity, total phenolics, and flavonoids. In general, `Fitzgerald' ranked higher in overall fruit quality and antioxidant properties when compared to `Hayward'.

scholarly journals Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity and Antibacterial Activity of White Wormwood (Artemisia herba-alba)

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Muthanna J. Mohammed ◽  
Uttpal Anand ◽  
Ammar B. Altemimi ◽  
Vijay Tripathi ◽  
Yigong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Fraction I

Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Wormwood) is a wild aromatic herb that is popular for its healing and medicinal effects and has been used in conventional as well as modern medicine. This research aimed at the extraction, identification, and quantification of phenolic compounds in the aerial parts of wormwood using Soxhlet extraction, as well as characterizing their antimicrobial and anitoxidant effects. The phenolic compounds were identified in different extracts by column chromatography, thin layer chromatography (TLC), and high performance liquid chromatography. Five different fractions, two from ethyl acetate extraction and three from ethanolic extraction were obtained and evaluated further. The antimicrobial activity of each fractions was evaluated against two Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram-negative microorganisms (Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) using the disc-diffusion assay and direct TLC bioautography assay. Fraction I inhibited B. cereus and P. vulgaris, Fraction II inhibited B. cereus and E. coli, Fraction III inhibited all, except for P. vulgaris, while Fractions IV and V did not exhibit strong antimicrobial effects. Their antioxidant capabilities were also measured by calculating their ability to scavenge the free radical using DPPH method and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Ethanolic fractions III and V demonstrated excellent antioxidant properties with IC50 values less than 15.0 μg/mL, while other fractions also had IC50 values less than 80.0 μg/mL. These antioxidant effects were highly associated with the number of phenolic hydroxyl group on the phenolics they contained. These extracts demonstrated antimicrobial effects, suggesting the different phenolic compounds in these extracts had specific inhibitory effects on the growth of each bacteria. The results of this study suggested that the A. herba-alba can be a source of phenolic compounds with natural antimicrobial and antioxidant properties which can be used for potential pharmaceutical applications.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity of Lenses with Age-Related Cataract

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana Kisic ◽  
Dijana Miric ◽  
Lepsa Zoric ◽  
Aleksandra Ilic ◽  
Ilija Dragojevic
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Mature Cataract ◽  
Sh Groups ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Reducing Ability

The immediate cause of the occurrence of cataract is unknown, but oxidative damage and effects of reactive oxygen species are considered important in its etiopathogenesis. Our research was aimed at testing the nonenzyme antioxidant power of corticonuclear lens blocks, with different types and different maturity of age-related cataract. Clinical and biochemical researches were carried out in 101 patients with age-related cataract. In corticonuclear lens blocks of the patient, the concentration of nonprotein and total-SH groups and the concentration of total vitamin C and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) were determined; the current redox balance of dehydroascorbate/ascorbate and total antioxidant power measured by ferric-reducing ability were examined. In corticonuclear lens blocks with incipient cataract a significantly higher concentration of GSH, total SH groups, concentration of total vitamin C and ascorbic acid (AA), and ferric-reducing ability were measured. The measured concentration of DHA is higher than the concentration of AA in the lenses with the incipient and mature cataract. The concentration ratio of redox couple DHA/AA is higher in lenses with mature cataract, where the measured concentration of AA was lower than in the incipient cataract. Timely removal of DHA from the lens is important because of its potential toxicity as an oxidant. An increase of the current concentration of DHA/AA redox balance can be an indicator of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity Tests of Extract of Principle Crafts (Phaleria macrocarpa)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Tri Putri ◽  
Anang W. M. Diah ◽  
Afadil Afadil
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Phaleria Macrocarpa ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Phaleria macrocarpa contains secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, polyphenols, tannins, sterols, and coumarins. Those metabolites are antioxidants and can be efficacious in the healing of various degenerative diseases such as cervical cancer and diabetes. This plant is widely grown in Tindaki Village, Parigi Mautong, Central Sulawesi. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant power of those phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract. This study was conducted by using maceration extraction technique with ethanol as solvent, and compound 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) as source of free radical, and vitamin C as the positive control. The UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to measure the absorbance of the extract. Various concentrations of the extract used were 5 ppm, 15 ppm, 25 ppm, and 35 ppm. The results showed that the IC50 value of the fruit extract was 28.242 ppm, while the IC50 value of vitamin C was 19.302 ppm. These IC50 values show that vitamin C was a stronger antioxidant activity than the fruit extract, but the fruit extract was still as a very strong natural antioxidant category.

scholarly journals Determination of Total Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Leucaena Leucocephala Leaves's Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Taupik Hidayat ◽  
Baharuddin Hamzah ◽  
Minarni R. Jura
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Sample Extract ◽  
Ic50 Values

The study of the determination of total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of extract of Leucaena leucocephala leaves had been carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. This study aimed to determine the total flavonoid contents and the antioxidant power of Leucaena leucocephala extract. Extraction of chemical content from Leucaena leucocephala was carried out by the maceration method using absolute ethanol. The total flavonoid contents from the sample extract were taken up for absorption at wavelength 510 nm and 700 nm. The variation of the concentration of Leucaena leucocephala leaves' extract was respectively 20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm. The results of the study showed that the total flavonoid contents of extracts of Leucaena leucocephala leaves was 2.242 g/100 grams. The antioxidant activity of Leucaena leucocephala leaves extract was carried out using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine) and the measurement of absorption was at a wavelength of 517 nm, and by varying the sample concentration. Positive control used was vitamin C solution with the same variation of extract's concentration. The results showed that the IC50 values of Leucaena leucocephala leaves extract and vitamin C were 175.388 and 28.907 ppm. Based on the IC50 data it can be stated that the antioxidant vitamin C was stronger than the Leucaena leucocephala leaves extract which was classified as a weak type of natural antioxidant.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of a Polyherbal Antimalarial as an Indicator of Its Therapeutic Value

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Protus Arrey Tarkang ◽  
Achille Parfait Nwachiban Atchan ◽  
Jules-Roger Kuiate ◽  
Faith Apoelot Okalebo ◽  
Anastasia Nkatha Guantai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Significant Difference

Nefangis a polyherbal product composed ofMangifera indica(bark and leaf),Psidium guajava, Carica papaya, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus sinensis, and Ocimum gratissimum(leaves), used for the treatment of malaria. Compounds with antioxidant activity are believed to modulate plasmodial infection. Antioxidant activity of the constituent aqueous plants extracts,in vitro, was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic content (TPC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods and,in vivo,Nefang(100 and 500 mg kg−1) activity was evaluated in carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stressed Wistar rats. Superoxide dismutase, catalase activities, and lipid peroxidation by the malondialdehyde and total proteins assays were carried out.P. guajava, M. indicaleaf, and bark extracts had the highest antioxidant properties in all three assays, with no statistically significant difference. Rats treated with the carbon tetrachloride had a statistically significant decrease in levels of triglycerides, superoxide dismutase, and catalase (P<0.05) and increase in malondialdehyde activity, total protein levels, and liver and renal function markers, whereas rats treated withNefangshowed increased levels in the former and dose-dependent decrease towards normal levels in the later. These results reveal the constituent plants ofNefangthat contribute to itsin vivoantioxidant potential. This activity is a good indication of the therapeutic potential ofNefang.

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