scholarly journals Evaluation of drought tolerance of triticale (xTriticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus) genotypes along with bread wheat and barley genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Seyyed Hamid Reza RAMAZANI ◽  
Ali IZANLOO
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Barley Genotypes

<p>The effects of drought stress on morphological and yield traits of six different genotypes of triticale along with wheat and barley were studied. The experiment was conducted in agricultural college of Sarayan, University of Birjand in 2016-2017 growing season. Experiment was a split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with drought stress in main plots and eight mentioned genotypes in subplots in three replications. Results of analysis of variance and means comparison analysis showed significant and negative effect of drought stress on grain yield and biological yield of all investigated genotypes. There was significant difference among investigated genotypes of triticale, wheat, and barley for grain yield under drought stress at 1 % probability level. Pazh genotype of triticale was found as the most drought tolerance genotype, among all investigated genotypes, based on almost all drought tolerance indexes. The highest significant correlation with grain yield was related to biological yield, harvest index, spike/shoot ratio, height and straw yield. GGE biplot analysis of genotypes based on their Yp and Ys showed that Pazh, Jualino, and Sanabad genotypes of triticale had more trends to Ys principal component than ET-89-11 line, wheat, and barley genotypes, therefore show more tolerance to drought stress.</p>

Evaluation of wild barley species as possible sources of drought tolerance for arid environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Barati ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Majidi ◽  
Fateme Mostafavi ◽  
Aghafakhr Mirlohi ◽  
Maryam Safari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Barley Genotypes

AbstractIn this study, agro-morphological and yield-related traits associated with drought tolerance in 80 barley genotypes belonging to 15 wild species together with the cultivated one, and their potential to improve adaptation to different levels of drought stress conditions (moisture environments) were studied. There was significant genetic variation among the genotypes and species for all of the measured traits, as well as differential responses of genotypes across environments. The results indicated high variation for grain yield (GY) under drought stress among the genotypes, and that some of the wild genotypes had consistently superior specific adaptation to the water stress conditions. The genotypes belong to wild barley species, especially Hordeum murinum and Hordeum marinum had lower GY but relatively higher yield stability under different environments. Traits such as number of seed per plant and hundred kernel weight were positively correlated with GY in all of the environments. High negative correlation between GY and days to ripening was observed only under intense drought environment, showing drought escape as a strategy of wild plants under highly stressed conditions. Grouping of the genotypes by principal component analysis completely separated cultivated barley and its progenitor (Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum) from other wild genotypes; however, the other wild species were slightly separated from each other. In addition, the Iranian and foreign genotypes did not completely separate from each other. The identified wild barley genotypes with favourable characters and high drought tolerance could be used in genetic studies and barley improvement programmes especially for drought stress.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effect of sowing date and drought stress on morphological and functional characteristics of three genotypes of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Seyyed Hamid REZA RAMAZANI ◽  
Reza TAHERPOUR KALANTARI
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Negative Effect

<p>To assess the effects of drought stress and sowing date on phenological, morphological, and yield traits of three different cultivars of winter oilseed rape (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.), this study was conducted in research farm of Sarayan agricultural college- University of Birjand in 2016-2017 growing season. Experiment was conducted in a split-factorial based on the randomized complete block design with drought stress in the main plots and three sowing date (September 22, October 6, and October 22) along with three cultivars of canola (‘Homolious’, ‘Hayola50’, and ‘DK7070CL’) in the subplots in three replications. The results of analysis of variance and means comparison analysis showed significant and negative effect of drought stress on seed yield and biological yield traits of investigated cultivars of canola. The interaction effect of drought stress × sowing date × cultivar was only significant on leaf twisting trait at 1 % probability level. ‘Homolious’ was assigned as the most drought tolerance cultivar, based on SI, SSI, RDI, TOL, MP, STI, GMP, YI, YSI, and HARM drought tolerance indexes, whereas ‘Hayola50’ was assigned as most drought sensitive cultivar of oilseed rape.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of pre-anthesis drought stress on physiology, yield-related traits and drought responsive genes in green super rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassaan Ahmad ◽  
Syed Adeel Zafar ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Naeem ◽  
Sajid Shokat ◽  
Safeena Inam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Maturity Stage

Optimum soil water availability is vital for maximum yield production in rice which is challenged by increasing spells of drought. The reproductive stage drought is among the main limiting factors leading to the drastic reduction in grain yield. Objective of this study was to investigate the molecular and morpho-physiological responses of pre-anthesis stage drought stress in green super rice. The study assessed the performance of 26 rice lines under irrigated and drought conditions. Irrigated treatment was allowed to grow normally while drought stress was imposed for 30 days at pre-anthesis stage. Three important physiological traits including pollen fertility percentage (PFP), cell membrane stability (CMS) and normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) were recorded at anthesis stage during the last week of drought stress. Agronomic traits of economic importance including grain yield were recorded at maturity stage. The analysis of variance demonstrated significant variation among the genotypes for most of the studied traits. Correlation and principal component analyses demonstrated highly significant associations of particular agronomic traits with grain yield, and genetic diversity among genotypes, respectively. Our study demonstrated a higher drought tolerance potential of GSR lines compared to local cultivars, mainly by higher pollen viability, plant biomass, CMS, and harvest index under drought. In addition, the molecular basis of drought tolerance in GSR lines was related to upregulation of certain drought responsive genes including OsSADRI, OsDSM1, and OsDT11. Our study identified novel drought tolerance related genes (OsDRG-1, OsDRG-2, OsDRG-3 and OsDRG-4) that could be further characterized using reverse genetics to be utilized in molecular breeding for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals TIME AND DIRECTION EFFECT OF BORON (B) AND SILICON (Si) APPLICATION ON OIL PALM (Elaeis guineensis) THROUGH LEAVES

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ageng Kaloko
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Real Difference ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Direction Effect ◽  
Difference Test

This study was aimed to obtain the time and the effective way of giving B and Si for reducing the effects of drought. It had been implemented in Bendosari village, Madurejo village, Prambanan sub-district, Sleman regency. The study used 3x3 +1 factorial complete randomized block design (RAKL) with with 3 blocks as replicates. The first factor was the time of fertilization, the second factor was way of fertilization and added one control (control) without fertilization treatment. The data obtained were analyzed using the Varian Analysis (ANOVA) at the 5% level and continued by the smallest real difference test (LSD) and orthogonal contrast if the variance analysis showed a significant difference between treatments. The results showed that there was no interaction effect between time and direction of B and Si fertilization through leaves on all observed variables of oil palm seedlings exposed to drought stress.

scholarly journals AMMI BIPLOT ANALYSIS OF GRAIN YIELD PERFORMANCES OF TEF (ERAGROSTIS TEF [ZUCC.] TROTTER) VARIETIES ACROSS DIFFERENT LOCATIONS OF SOUTH AND SOUTHWESTERN ETHIOPIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
TEGEGN BELETE ◽  
KEBEBEW ASSEFA ◽  
SENTAYEHU ALAMEREW
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Eragrostis Tef ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify high yielding and stable tef varieties across different locations of South and Southwestern part of Ethiopia. Methods: The experiment was conducted using 21 tef varieties obtained from a tef breeding program based at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center. The trial was laid out using a randomized complete block design with three replications at six locations during the 2018 cropping season. Data for all relevant agronomic traits were collected, but only plot yield data converted to kg/ha was subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The results of combined analysis of variance for grain yield of 21 tef varieties across six locations revealed that there is a highly significant difference among the locations, genotypes, and interaction effects with the contributions of 67.4, 8.1, and 17.8% of sum of squares, respectively. Analysis of variance of AMMI model revealed the two interaction principal component analysis (IPCA1 and IPCA2) were highly significant according to Gollob’s test and accounted for 42.8 and 20.6% of variance, respectively. Conclusion: Based on AMMI Biplot analysis, Ambo location could be the representative area among tested locations to determine the tef varieties and the variety Heber-1 (G11) and Dukem (G15) were recommendable for broad adaptation since they were stable and high yielding across locations.

scholarly journals Grain yield and drought tolerance indices of maize hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-386
Author(s):  
Dorina BONEA
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tolerance Indices

Drought is one of the major abiotic stress factors limiting crops production in Oltenia area, Romania. In order to study the response of six maize hybrids to drought stress, the trials were conducted in research field of ARDS Simnic – Craiova, during 2017-2018 (non-stressed conditions) and 2018-2019 (drought stress). Six tolerance indices including: abiotic tolerance index (ATI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI), Stress tolerance index (STI), mean productivity (MP), relative drought index (RDI) and golden mean (GM), were utilized on the basis of grain yield. Results from analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference in 1% of probability level among hybrids in terms of grain yield and tolerance indices. The yield in non-stress conditions (Yp) showed significant positive correlations with ATI, SSPI, STI and MP, and negative correlation with RDI and GM. The yield  in drought conditions (Ys) showed significant positive correlation with RDI and GM, and negative correlation with ATI and SSPI. None of the tolerance indices used could identify the high yielding hybrids under drought and non-stress conditions. Based on the ranking method, the hybrids ‘Felix’ and ‘P 9903’ were the most droughts tolerant. Therefore, they hybrids are recommended to be grown under drought prone areas and to be used as parents for breeding of drought tolerance in other cultivars.

scholarly journals The Ability to Regulate Transmembrane Potassium Transport in Root Is Critical for Drought Tolerance in Barley

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangfeng Cai ◽  
Huaizhou Gao ◽  
Xiaojian Wu ◽  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Zhigang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Genotypic Difference ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Barley Genotypes

In this work, the effect of drought on K+ uptake in root and its translocation from root to shoot was investigated using six barley genotypes contrasting in drought tolerance. Results showed that drought conditions caused significant changes in K+ uptake and translocation in a time- and genotype-specific manner, which consequently resulted in a significant difference in tissue K+ contents and drought tolerance levels between the contrasting barley genotypes. The role of K+ transporters and channels and plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase in barley’s adaptive response to drought stress was further investigated at the transcript level. The expression of genes conferring K+ uptake (HvHAK1, HvHAK5, HvKUP1, HvKUP2 and HvAKT1) and xylem loading (HvSKOR) in roots were all affected by drought stress in a time- and genotype-specific manner, indicating that the regulation of these K+ transporters and channels is critical for root K+ uptake and root to shoot K+ translocation in barley under drought stress. Furthermore, the barley genotypes showed a strong correlation between H+ efflux and K+ influx under drought stress, which was further confirmed by the significant up-regulation of HvHA1 and HvHA2. These results suggested an important role of plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity and/or expression in regulating the activity of K+ transporters and channels under drought stress. Taken together, it may be concluded that the genotypic difference in drought stress tolerance in barley is conferred by the difference in the ability to regulate K+ transporters and channels in root epidermis and stele.

scholarly journals The variability of grain yield, seed morphometric and vigour traits of early maturing hybrid maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Dotun Ogunniyan ◽  
Johnson Adetumbi ◽  
Julius Olasoji ◽  
Solomon Makinde
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Breeding for yield and quality requires the assessment of the seed metrics and vigour traits. This study, therefore, assessed the variability and inter-dependence of grain yield (GY), seed morphometric and vigour traits in hybrid maize. Seeds of 75 early maturing hybrid maize varieties were evaluated for morphometric traits and quality in four replicates. A field trial laid out in a randomised complete block design with three replicates was also conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria, to determine the grain yield of the hybrids. Data collected on the GY, seed dimension and quality were subjected to analysis of variance. The least significant difference was used to separate means. Relationships among the GY, seed morphometric and vigour traits were determined using correlation coefficients, while principal component (PC) analysis was performed for variability among the hybrids. Significant differences (P<0.001) were found in the GY, seed dimension and vigour traits. Four of the nine highest yielding hybrids had ECT higher than 30.0 ?sg-1 cm-1. The GY correlated with seed diameter (SDT) (0.40**), seed width (SWD) (0.36**), seed length (SLG) (0.35**), seed area (SAR) (0.30**) and seed vigour (SVI) (0.30**). The SAG correlated with SDT, SLG, seed thickness (STH) and SAR. All the seed vigour traits correlated with one another. The PC I explained GY, SDT, SWD, SLG, SAR and SVI, indicating their importance in GY improvement. Seed angle, length and diameter were versatile in maize varietal selection. Identified high yielding hybrids with seed morphometric and vigour qualities can be explored by seed companies as innovation in the seed production business.

scholarly journals Daya Gabung Inbrida Jagung Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan dan Nitrogen Rendah pada Pembentukan Varietas Hibrida

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Roy Efendi ◽  
Andi Takdir M. ◽  
Muhammad Azrai
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

<p class="Abstrak">Low maize grain yield due to drought and low N stresses maybe overcome by growing tolerance hybrid maize varieties.<strong> </strong>The objectives of this research were to analyze the combining ability of eight inbred lines possessing those traits and indentify suitable parental inbred lines which can be used to develop single cross hybrid tolerant to drought and low nitrogen. Eight inbred lines were crossed using complete diallel cross design of Griffing’s- I on Februry to June, 2014. Those inbred lines were 1044-30, DTPYC9-F46-3-9-1-1-B (for drought tolerance), MR 14 (medium drought tolerance), G20133077 (tolerant to low N), CY 11, CLRCY039 (medium tolerant to low N), and CY12 and G2013631 (for drought and low N sensitive). Fifty-six experimental hybrids derived from diallel crosses, eight inbred lines and four commercial hybrid varieties as checks were evaluated under managed drought, low dosage of N fertilization and under optimum condition, during the dry season (July to October) of 2014. Randomized complete block design three replications was used in each different stress condition. The results showed that CY 11, G2013631, and MR 14 inbred lines possesed good general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield under drought, low N, and optimum conditions. These inbred lines also showed good GCA for the secondary traits such as large stem, delayed leaf rolling and late leaf senescence to support for high grain yield under drought stress and low N condition. Inbred lines of drought and low N sensitive such as G2013631, but had high GCA, could be used as parent to develop drought and low N tolerance hybrids if crossed with inbred lines having medium-tolerant to drought or tolerant to low N, such as G20133077, which had low DGU, or CY11 which had high GCA. Hybrid maize tolerant to drought and tolerant to low N, such as CY11 x G20133077, G20133077 x G2013631, and CY 11 x G2013631, produced significantly higher grain yield, over 8 t/ha, under drought and under low N, as compared with hybrid varieties Bima 3 and Bisi 2, which yielded 5.91 and 6.59 t/ha under drought, and 6.82 and 7.01 t/ha under low N condition. Grain yields under optimum condition were positively correlated with those under both drought and low N conditions. The result suggests that it is possible for improving grain yield of hybrid maize, simultaneously for optimum, drought stress and low N conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation and comparison of drought tolerance in some wild diploid populations, tetraploid and hexaploid cultivars of wheat using stress tolerance indices

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Sara KHOSRAVI ◽  
Reza AZIZINEZHAD ◽  
Amin BAGHIZADEH ◽  
Mahmood MALEKI
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Drought Tolerance Indices ◽  
Tolerance Indices

<p>This study was carried out on grain yield in wheat genotypes with the aim of assessing genetic potential of drought tolerance. The experiment was performed as split plot in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications under normal and drought stress conditions with 32 genotypes. Based on grain yield, and under the condition of non-stress and drought stress, 5 drought tolerance indices are estimated including Tolerance Index (TOL), Stress Tolerance (STI), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean (GMP) and, Harmonic Mean (HM) for all kinds of genotypes. The analysis of yield correlation and drought tolerance indices in two environments indicated that STI, MP, GMP, HM indices were the most suitable parameters for screening wheat genotypes. Principal components analysis exhibited that the 83 % of first principal component and the 15 % of second one justified the variation of the initial data. Drawing bi-plot diagram declared that Sabalan, Shabrang, Aria, Azar, Azadi, and T2 genotypes were highly functional and resistant to drought stress.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document