Phenotypic variation and traits interrelationships in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes in Northern Ethiopia

Information on phenotypic variation helps to breed better varieties. Forty-nine bread wheat genotypes were evaluated in simple lattice design at Jamma and Geregera to determine the extent of variation and association among 11 traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences (p < 0.01) among the genotypes for all traits, indicating the presence of adequate variability. Maximum values of genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for spike length (8.66 %), number of productive tillers (8.4 %), number of grains per spike (6.4 %) and thousand-seed mass (6.15 %); this also shows the presence of substantial variability for these traits. Genetic parameters of the study revealed that days to heading, plant height, spike length, number of grains per spike and thousand-seed mass had moderate to high heritability and genetic advance as percent of the mean. Therefore, direct selection could be practiced to improve bread wheat for these traits. Moreover, selection of early-cycle lines which can escape the negative effects of climate change will be possible. Grain yield had strong and significant positive correlation with thousand-seed mass (rg = 0.395**), biological yield (rgv= 0.617**) and harvest index (rg = 0.731**); selection based on these traits will be most effective in future bread wheat yield improvement programs as they also exerted strong positive direct effects on grain yield.

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Sequential Path Analysis for Determination of Relationship Between Yield and Yield Components in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum.L.)

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb619105 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 119-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohtasham MOHAMMADI ◽

Peyman SHARIFI ◽

Rahmatollah KARIMIZADEH

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Plant Height ◽

Canopy Temperature ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Early Growth ◽

Spike Length ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Growth Vigor ◽

Positive Direct

An experiment was conducted to evaluate 295 wheat genotypes in Alpha-Lattice design with two replications. The arithmetic mean and standard deviation of grain yield was 2706 and 950 (kg/ha),respectively. The results of correlation coefficients indicated that grain yield had significant and positive association with plant height, spike length, early growth vigor and agronomic score. Whereas there were negative correlation coefficients between grain yield and days to physiological maturity and canopy temperature before and during anthesis. Path analysis indicated agronomic score and plant height had high positive direct effects on grain yield, while canopy temperature before and during anthesis, and days to maturity, wes another trait having negative direct effect on grain yield. The results of sequential path analysis showed the traits that accounted as a criteria variable for high grain yield were agronomic score, plant height, canopy temperature, spike length, chlorophyll content and early growth vigor, which were determined as first, second and third order variables and had strong effects on grain yield via one or more paths. More important, as canopy temperature, agronomic score and early growth vigor can be evaluated quickly and easily, these traits may be used for evaluation of large populations.

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Morphological characterization and genetic analysis in bread wheat germplasm: A combined study of heritability, genetic variance, genetic divergence and association of characters

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/ast.2020.04.048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 301-311

Author(s):

G. Gerema ◽

D. Lule ◽

F. Lemessa ◽

T. Mekonnen

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Positive Direct

Abstract. The present study was conducted to assess the nature and magnitude of genetic variability and traits association of bread wheat genotypes for yield and related traits. A total of 180 genotypes were evaluated in alpha lattice design with three replications in 2017/18 cropping season. Data for 10 quantitative traits were collected and subjected to analysis of variance. The result from the analysis of variance revealed highly significant variability observed among genotypes for all traits studied. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) is superior over genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for most traits but narrow variations were found between PCV and GCV for most of the traits. Heritability in broad sense and genetic advance as percent of the mean (GA%) were relatively higher for Kernels per spike and grain filling period. Grain yield showed positive and highly significant (p≤0.01) association with number of tillers, kernel per spike and plant height both on genotypic and phenotypic levels.The path coefficient analysis showed that spike length, plant height and kernels per spike had positive direct effect on grain yield on both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Divergence analysis (D2) grouped the total test germplasm into 10 clusters. Among those, clusters IV and IX showed the highest genetic distance and thus the possibility to develop segregating populations upon the crossing of widely related genotypes in those clusters. The results could help researches to utilize the most promising wheat genotypes of this study in future breeding programmes for enhancing desirable traits.

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Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield and its attributing traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v10i4.1867 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1078-1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tabassum Ahmad ◽

Anil Kumar ◽

Deepanker Pandey ◽

Birendra Prasad

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Block Design ◽

Selection Criterion ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Spike Length ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Path Coefficient Analysis ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Positive Direct

Grain yield is a complex quantitative trait and influenced by a number of attributes. To obtain higher yield information regarding association of these attributes with yield can serve as a basis in a breeding programme. The present experiment was undertaken to estimate correlation coefficients between grain yield and different contributing characters and divide this association into direct and indirect effects through path coefficient analysis. The experiment was laid-out with three replications in randomized block design using 51 bread wheat genotypes and data were recorded for fourteen metric traits. Results revealed that grain yield per plant possessed highly significant positive associations with biological yield per plant (0.787 and 0.606), number of spikelets per spike (0.565 and 0.358), number of tillers per plant (0.500 and 0.383) and spike length (0.320 and 0.297) at both genotypic as well as phenotypic level respectively. Biological yield per plant (1.125) exhibited highest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by harvest index (0.678), number of spikelets per spike (0.109), days to maturity (0.100) and spike length (0.060). Therefore, these characters can serve as a selection criterion for further improvement in grain yield of wheat.

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Identification of bread wheat genotypes with superior grain yield and agronomic traits through evaluation under rust epiphytotic conditions in Kenya

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-00785-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Akinyi Msundi ◽

James Otieno Owuoche ◽

Maurice Edwards Oyoo ◽

Godwin Macharia ◽

Ravi Prakash Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Bread Wheat ◽

Stem Rust ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

High Yield ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Progress Curve ◽

Positive Direct

AbstractBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars adapted to specific environments and resistant to prevalent pathogens are preferred for obtaining high yield. This study aimed to identify wheat genotypes with superior grain yield (GY) and yield associated traits from 168 genotypes of International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center’s 13th Stem Rust Resistance Screening Nursery evaluated over two seasons during 2019 and 2020 under high disease pressure of both stem rust (SR) and yellow rust (YR) in a 21 × 8 α-lattice design with 3 replications in Kenya. Effects due to seasons were significant for YRAud, SRAud, 1000-kernel weight (TKW), days to heading (DH), plant height (PH) and number of spikelets spike−1 (SS), while genotypes and genotypes × season interaction effects were significant for all traits except number of kernels spike−1. Respectively, heritability values of 0.95, 0.93, 0.87, 0.86, 0.77 and 0.75 were observed for area under disease progress curve for SR (SRAud), YR (YRAud), TKW, DH, biomass (BM) and GY. Path analysis showed positive direct effects on GY via PH, SS, BM, and TKW. Biplot analysis identified 16 genotypes with superior desirable traits GY, BM and harvest index. The SR contributed the highest reduction in GY and TKW while YR contributed the most reduction in BM. These identified genotypes with superior GY combined with adequate resistance to both SR and YR are potentially valuable resources for improvement of locally adapted wheat cultivars.

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Correlation and path analysis of morpho-physiological and yield traits in boro rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/asd.v35i4.6855 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shantanu Das ◽

Debojit Sarma

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Direct Selection ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Yield Traits ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Correlation And Path Analysis ◽

Positive Direct

Thirty rice genotypes of local and exotic origin were analyzed to ascertain the genotypic and phenotypic correlation among 21 morpho-physiological and yield traits and their direct/ indirect contribution to grain yield under <italic>boro</italic> season. The result revealed that grain yield per plant had significant positive correlation with biological yield (0.927**, 0.766**), harvest index (0.748**, 0.658**), days to first flowering (0.459*, 0.377*), panicle length (0.501**, 0.445*), grains per panicle (0.576**, 0.484**) and 1000 grain weight (0.573**, 0.460*) at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient analyses at both genotypic and phenotypic levels revealed high positive direct effect of biological yield (0.7181) and harvest index (0.6382) on grain yield per plant. Thus direct selection for grain yield per plant and indirect selection through these characters would be effective to improve yield in <italic>boro</italic> rice.

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Correlation and path coefficient analysis among yield and yield attributing traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science ◽

10.26832/24566632.2020.0502017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 196-199

Author(s):

Koshraj Upadhyay

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Direct Effect ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Genotypic Correlation ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Positive Direct

To assess correlation and to find out the direct and indirect effect of yield attributing traits on grain yield, thirty wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes were experimented at Kamalamai-04, Phant, of Sindhuli district, Nepal. The experiment was laid out in alpha-lattice design with three replications. Thirteen quantitative traits including grain yield of wheat were studied during this study. The grain yield of wheat has significant (P≤0.01) and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with number of spikes per meter (0.6**, 0.47**), grains per spike (0.69**, 0.65**), weight of grains per spike (0.69**, 0.61**), thousand kernel weight (0.87**, 0.74**), maturity days (0.5*, 0.47**), above ground mass yield (0.96**, 0.83**) and harvest index (0.93**, 0.64**) of wheat. The genotypic correlation is higher in magnitude than the phenotypic correlation for almost all the studied traits. Path analysis of genotypic correlation showed a high positive direct effect of plant height (0.75), above ground biomass (0.6), spike length (0.43), and harvest index (0.29) on grain yield of wheat. Hence, for increasing yield of wheat in the breeding program, selection and hybridization can be made more effective and accurate by using those a significant positive correlation coefficient and direct effect on the grain yield of wheat.

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Character Association and Path Analysis for Yield Components and Biochemical Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-5723 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Prabhat Kumar Singh ◽

B. Sushma ◽

Nidhi Kumari

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Standard Procedure ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Direct Selection ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Biochemical Traits ◽

Internodal Length ◽

Selection For ◽

Positive Direct

Background: Grain yield is a complex character so direct selection for yield as such can be misleading. Keeping in view, the present study aimed to assess the path coefficient analysis with correlation coefficient technique to establish the direct and indirect relationship between the yield and its component. Methods: The present investigation carried out during kharif 2019 at Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha in randomized complete block design with 3 replication involving 20 maize genotypes. Data were collected from five randomly selected plnts on 20 agromorphic and biochemical traits. All the biochemical analysis estimated from leaf sample following standard procedure. Result: The traits shelled grain weight, cob diameter, number of grains per cob and anthesis silking interval were found to possess significant association in disirable direction with five ear weight at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. None of the biochemical trairts establishing significant positive association with yield. Highest positive direct effect on 5 ear weight was noticed by shelled grain weight (1.108) followed by phenols (0.115), internodal length (0.106) and days to 50 percent anthesis (0.102) indicating that the selection for these characters were likely to bring about an overall improvement in grain yield directly.

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Path analysis of iron and zinc contents and others traits in cowpea

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332012000400003 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 245-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jeane de Oliveira Moura ◽

Maurisrael de Moura Rocha ◽

Regina Lúcia Ferreira Gomes ◽

Francisco Rodrigues Freire Filho ◽

Kaesel Jackson Damasceno e Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Protein Content ◽

Indirect Effects ◽

Zinc Content ◽

Direct Selection ◽

Direct And Indirect Effects ◽

Iron And Zinc ◽

Positive Direct

The objective of this study was to estimate the direct and indirect effects of agronomic and culinary traits on iron and zinc contents in 11 cowpea populations. Correlations between traits were estimated and decomposed into direct and indirect effects using path analysis. For the study populations, breeding for larger grain size, higher number of grains per pod, grain yield, reduced cooking time, and number of days to flowering can lead to decreases in the levels of iron and zinc in the grain. Genetic gains for the iron content can be obtained by direct selection for protein content by indirect effects on the number of grains per pod, 100-grain weight and grain yield. The positive direct effect of grain size and protein content on the zinc content indicates the possibility of simultaneous gain by combined selection of these traits.

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Selection Criteria for Identification of High Yielding Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes under Aerobic Cultivation

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i830598 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 102-109

Author(s):

Ramya Rathod ◽

B. Soundharya ◽

Firdoz Shahana ◽

P. Jalender Naik ◽

Y. Swathi

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Spikelet Fertility ◽

Direct Selection ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Correlation And Path Analysis ◽

Positive Direct ◽

1000 Grain Weight

Ten rice genotypes were evaluated to study the genetic variability, correlation and path analysis under aerobic conditions for selection of high yielding genotypes. The experiment is carried out in RCBD with 3 replications and the data is analysed in SPAR 2.0, Past 4.01 and OPSTAT for variability, correlation and path analysis respectively. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were high for the number of productive tillers per plant, the number of filled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, biological yield and grain yield indicating the possibility of genetic improvement through direct selection for these traits. The magnitude of difference between PCV and GCV was less for the traits indicating little influence of environment. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for the number of productive tillers per plant, the number of filled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, spikelet fertility, biological yield and grain yield indicating a preponderance of additive gene action, which provide excellent scope for further improvement by selection. Significant positive association of grain yield with number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of filled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, spikelet fertility and biological yield was observed. Path analysis revealed the traits, number of filled grains per panicle exerted highest positive direct effect on grain yield followed by 1000-gain weight and number of productive tillers per plant. Thus, these traits which contribute to the grain yield under aerobic condition could be exploited for further breeding programme.

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Correlation and path coefficient analysis in advanced wheat genotypes

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v15i1.33155 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

DK Ayer ◽

A Sharma ◽

BR Ojha ◽

A Paudel ◽

K Dhakal

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Path Analysis ◽

Direct Effect ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Biological Yield ◽

Level Of Significance ◽

Positive Direct

A field experiment was conducted in alpha lattice design in subtropical region of Nepal in the wheat crop to determine the association between yield and yield attributing traits through correlation and path analysis. The result showed highly significant variations among the genotypes for all the traits under study. Simple correlation coefficients revealed that the association of grain yield with biological yield followed by harvest index, plant height, thousand grain weight and Area Under SPAD Retread Curve (AUSRC) at anthesis were positive and highly significant (at 1% level of significance). The positive and significant (at 5% level of significance) association of grains per spike followed by flag leaf area with grain yield was also found. Path analysis showed that biological yield and harvest index had the highest positive direct effect on grain yield. While other traits contribute to the grain yield significantly indirectly via biological yield and harvest index. This suggests that biological yield and harvest index having significant positive correlation and high direct effect on grain yield explained the true relationship and the direct selection of the genotypes through these traits is effective for improving yield potentiality.SAARC J. Agri., 15(1): 1-12 (2017)

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