scholarly journals W imię Boga Jedynego! (Aleksiej Warłamow „Zatopiona arka”)

Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lewandowska

The article is an attempt to present a religious situation described by Aleksey Varlamov in his novel Zatonuvshiy kovcheg. The spiritual life of Russians after Perestroika not only turned out to be a period of resurgence of Orthodox Christianity, but also the emergence as well as restoration of previously existing sects. Therefore, this novel amounts to a new voice of the discussion on the Russians’ spiritual life then, now and in the future. The author tries to prove that the reawakening of sects brings danger to Russian people, especially to the young generation. This paper presents an analysis  of those fragments of the novel that refer to religious subjects and contain descriptions  of sects (the Old Believers and the Skoptsy). Besides, spiritual leaders of these sects (Vassian and Luppo) are characterized. The insight into the history of these religious groups is provided and supplemented with Varlamov's descriptions from the novel.

Author(s):  
Elza-Bair M. Guchinova ◽  

Introduction. The proposed publication consists of an introduction, texts of two biographical interviews and comments thereon. Both the conversations took place in Elista (2004, 2017) as part of the research project ‘Everyone Has One’s Own Siberia’ dedicated to the important period in the history of Kalmykia though not yet sufficiently explored by anthropologists and sociologists — the deportation of Kalmyks to Siberia (1943–1956) and related memories. Goals. The project seeks to show the daily survival practices of Kalmyks in Siberia. In the spontaneous biographical interviews focusing on the years of Kalmyk deportation, not only the facts cited are important — of which we would otherwise stay unaware but from the oral narratives — but also the introduced stories of inner life: feelings and thoughts of growing girls. Methods. The paper involves the use of textual analysis and the method of text deconstruction. Results. The transcribed texts show survival and adaptation strategies employed by the young generation of ‘special settlers’ in places of forced residence. For many Kalmyks of that generation, high school was a ‘glass ceiling’, a limitation in life choices. In the narrative of R. Ts. Azydova, we face a today unthinkable social package for KUTV students with children — this illustrates how the korenization policy for indigenous populations in the USSR worked, and provides insight into daily practices of pre-war Elista. The story of T. S. Kachanova especially clearly manifests the ‘language of trauma’, first of all, through the memory of the body, vocabulary of death and displays of laughter. The texts of the interviews shall be interesting to all researchers of Kalmyk deportation and the memory of that period.


2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (103) ◽  
pp. 108-137
Author(s):  
Carsten Sestoft

Romanens status i det 17. århundredes Frankrig The hesitations of a genre: The status of the novel in seventeenth-century FranceIn answering the question: What was the novel in seventeenth-century France? – this article provides insight into some important points of the early history of the genre. The contradiction between its non-existence in official (Aristotelian) poetics and its existence as a popular commodity on the book market was, in the course of the seventeenth century, reconciled in the emergent category of belles lettres as a plurality of genres mainly defined by their public of honnêtes gens, while attempts at legitimizing the novel as belonging to such Aristotelian genres as epic or history generally failed; and at the end of the century a number of convergences – between epic and novel, between the designations roman and nouvelle, and between the ‘high’ and ‘low’ forms of the novel – seem to point to the fact that the social existence of the genre had been strengthened, even if it was the English novel of the eighteenth century that could be said to reap the profits of this stronger position. Using historical semantics and cultural sociology to study the status of the novel in seventeenth-century France thus leads to a clearer understanding of the specificity of the novel as a literary and cultural genre.


Author(s):  
M. Kamionka

Ukrainian youth from the beginning of the country’s independence was a catalyst for democratic changes. From the Revolution on Granite, through the Sumy’s Revolution on Grass and Orange Revolution to the Revolution of Dignity and the war in the East, undeniably it was the youth who fought for the future of Ukraine. While appreciating the contribution of young people to the contemporary history of Ukraine, it is essential to ask which national heroes and what historical events are important to the young generation. Thanks to the research conducted in 2017-2018 on a representative group of Ukrainian youth (1043 respondents), the author can answer that question. The results show that there are no surprises; the research confirms the all-Ukrainian results and shares knowledge on this subject. However, it is worth emphasizing some surprises, as well as the frequent selection of the answer “neutral attitude” to historical events, which may indicate the lack of historical knowledge among the surveyed youth.


1953 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-262
Author(s):  
William W. Kaufmann

The history of international relations has lent itself to many uses. Its narrators have employed the tangled web of intention, maneuver, alliance, and war to vindicate or besmirch men's reputations, prove the guilt or innocence of nations in conflict, enrich traditions, furnish precepts for the present, and provide guides to the future. Their activity has gone on for a very long time and the product of their research has grown enormous. Presumably such a vast and varied output reflects a number of needs and interests. But is its perusal a useful way of gaining insight into the varied problems of international politics? More, as diplomatic history customarily is written, does it constitute an effective training ground for statesmen?


Author(s):  
Dominique De Courcelles

Résumé: Le Royaume de València, au XVème siècle, tient une place majeure dans l’histoire de la littérature et de la spiritualité et dans l’histoire religieuse de la péninsule Ibérique, cependant que s’achève la Reconquista et que s’unifient les Espagnes. Une même quête de réforme morale et d’élévation spirituelle s’exprime aussi bien dans les sermons du dominicain Fra Vicent Ferrer que dans les traductions d’auteurs classiques et de la Renaissance effectuées par un autre dominicain, Fra Antoni Canals. La spiritualité valencienne est militante : elle veut convaincre, séduire, donner et parfois imposer ce qu’elle reconnait comme indispensable à la perfection et au salut. Les héros valenciens du XVème siècle sont des chevaliers et des religieux, des saints et des saintes. Ils manient l’épée ou la parole, ou les deux, pour défendre les valeurs du christianisme, l’art d’aimer et de mourir chrétiennement, la vérité, la justice, la paix. C’est ainsi que l’anonyme roman de Curial e Güelfa ou le Cant espiritual du chevalier Ausiàs March témoignent de la jonction entre chevalerie et théologie, cependant que Joanot Martorell, chevalier auteur du roman de Tirant lo Blanc, et Sor Isabel de Villena, abbesse des clarisses de la Trinité, auteur d’une Vita Christi, désignent, chacun à sa mesure, une ouverture spirituelle de l’histoire, une nécessaire conversion intérieure. Des joutes poétiques et théologiques réunissent clercs et chevaliers, entrelaçant sainteté et amour sensible et permettant l’élaboration des goigs, célèbres prières chantées qui prendront toute leur importance dans la vie spirituelle des fidèles après le concile de Trente.  Mots clef: Chevalerie, Joutes, poétiques, Littérature, Spiritualité, Théologie Abstract: The Kingdom of Valencia, in the 15th century, holds a major place in the history of literature and spirituality and in the religious history of the Iberian Peninsula, while the Reconquista is completed and the Spanish are united. The same quest for moral reform and spiritual elevation is expressed in the sermons of the Dominican fra Vicent Ferrer as well as in the translations of classical and Renaissance writers by another Dominican, Fra Antoni Canals. Valencian spirituality is militant: it wants to convince, seduce, give and sometimes impose what it recognizes as indispensable to perfection and salvation. Valencian heroes of the 15th century are knights and religious and saints. They wield the sword or the word, or both, to defend the values of Christianity, the art of loving and dying Christianity, truth, justice, peace. Thus the anonymous novel by Curial e Güelfa or the Cant espiritual of the knight Ausiàs March testify to the junction between chivalry and theology, while Joanot Martorell, knight author of the novel of Tirant lo Blanc, and Sor Isabel de Villena, Abbess of the clares of the Trinity, author of a Vita Christi, designate, each to its own measure, a spiritual opening of history, a necessary interior conversion. Poetic and theological games bring together clergy and knights, intertwining holiness and sensitive love and allowing the development of goigs, famous sung prayers that will take all their importance in the spiritual life of the faithful after the Council of Trent.Keywords: Chivalry ,Poetic, Jousting, Literature, Spirituality, Theology.


Author(s):  
Jeremy Lim ◽  
Ke Hui Chuah

Christianity is counted as one of the biggest religious groups in the world, numbering at over 2 billion individuals who identify themselves with this religion. As of the 2010 census, the Department of Statistics Malaysia Official Portal reported that an estimated 9.2% of the population in Malaysia identified themselves as Christians. In numerical terms, this equates to approximately 3 million individuals spread out all over the Malaysian peninsular as well as Sabah and Sarawak who consider themselves part of the Christian church. This chapter intends to do four things: 1) provide a brief history of the church and Christianity, 2) acquaint the reader with basic Christian beliefs, 3) provide insight into the methods and challenges of working with the population in Malaysia drawing from both local as well as international literature, and 4) provide the implications of the methods and challenges of working with the Christian population.


2018 ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Emilio Ramón García

<p>Tu rostro con la marea es una metaficción historiográfica a modo de novela de memoria cuyo personaje principal, Ángel Bigas, se construye una imagen de héroe decimonónico. Incapaz de lidiar con la realidad,forja su vida según los mundos de escritores como Galdós, Maupassant y Stendhal, y según el modelo de amor romántico platónico hacia una mujer rusa, Olga Rykova Anneski. Incapaz de entenderla también a ella, la encaja dentro de las tesis del marqués de Custine respecto al pueblo ruso y sus tradicionales ataduras. Ella, por su parte, es el alter ego de la poeta rusa Ajmátova, y oculta un espíritu bolchevique tras su máscara. El análisis de sus figuras revela la relación entre la historia y la ficción, el carácter de tragedia clásica de la novela, el papel de las expectativas en la percepción, y el correlato de ambos con la historia de Europa.</p><p> </p><p>Tu rostro con la marea is piece of historiographical metafiction following the model of a memory novel<br />around its main character. Incapable of facing reality, Ángel Bigas projects the image of a nineteenth<br />century hero according to the lives and works of Galdós, Maupassant and Stendhal while fueling his<br />aura with rumors and legends. His belief in the idiosyncrasy of the Russian people as understood by themarquis of Custine also makes him fail understanding his idealized love, Olga Rykova Anneski. She is also the alter ego of a very different kind of writer: the Russian Bolshevik poet Akhmatova. The analysisof the two figures as literary constructs reveals the relation between history and fiction, the natureof the novel as a classical tragedy, the role of expectations in perception and the direct relation of bothcharacters with the history of Europe.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Christof Ressi

[vstplugin~] is a cross-platform Pure Data external for hosting VST 2 and VST 3 plugins that has been developed at the IEM in Graz. The external provides an extensive set of features which span several topics, such as channel layout, plugin search, real-time safety, GUI editor, parameter automation, preset management, MIDI events, transport and timing, bridging and sandboxing, multithreading and offline processing. We show the development process and discuss previous work in this area. We also cover the history of the VST technology, explain the differences between the VST 2 and VST 3 SDK and offer insight into their inner workings. Finally, we discuss possible improvements and extensions for the future.


Author(s):  
A. V. Zemlianska ◽  
A. M. Zemlianskyi

The article is devoted to the analysis of images of the main characters of the spy in S. Postolovskyi’s novel «The Enemy, or the Wrath of God». It is emphasised on author’s traditional representations of the typical image of spy showed in the images of James Bond (by I. Fleming), George Smiley (by J. Le Carre) and Stierlitz (by Yu. Semenov). The author updates these images according to the realities of the present. It is determined that the participants of the operation «The God’s Wrath», depicted in the S. Postolovskyi’s novel, are very colorful figures, people that are ready to fight, but this desire to take revenge on the enemies of their country is based for each of them on personal reasons: the desire to get a higher post, to find out the truth about the work of the spy-saboteur and to determine their own place in the battle for their country, establish justice, and so on. The writer successfully combines the contradictory features of heroes and criminals in their characters, emphasizing their ambiguity, which makes them believable, living people, and not ideologically well-established figures. It was found out that the most ideologized image in the work is the figure of Captain Ivan Principle, the favorite S. Postolovskyi’s hero, who has already met in the previous writer’s works. The surname of this character is fully matched with his inner qualities: he is honest, fair, takes the attention of women, and in his actions he is always guided by the law and believes that the means do not always justify the goal. The author tried to bring out a new image of a spy, a modern hero who could become a sample for the young generation. It was also revealed that in the images of other ministers of the Office, who participated in the organization of Operation «The God’s Wrath», – General Bulldog, Colonel Myron and Captain Nechypailo – the writer depicted the typical representatives of his time, capable of high aspirations and courageous deeds, but at the same time they are typical executors of any order, often criminal, when it coincides with their notions of justice and duty. Thus, S. Postolovskyi presented his own vision of Ukraine’s fate in the «hybrid war» with Russia and those people whom the result of this war directly depends on. Since he can’t foresee the future, the author leaves his protagonists a tragic fate, just like life itself.


Author(s):  
Peter Boxall ◽  
Bryan Cheyette

This chapter addresses the future of the novel. It also reflects on the possibility and nature of historical change. The push and pull between the novel as an expressive symptom of an ailing culture, and the novel as the engine for the production of new cultural possibilities, runs through the long history of novelists’ reflections on the future of the novel. From our perspective in the early decades of the twenty-first century, the perception of a watershed triggered by 1973, and a new understanding of the relationship between style, fiction, and knowledge, seems remarkably prescient. Moreover, the new generation of novelists that have emerged since the turn of the century have collectively registered the re-emergence of a kind of historical vitality in the culture.


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