scholarly journals House of Memories and Oblivion by Filip David: Literature, Memory and Death

2017 ◽  
pp. 241-258
Author(s):  
Časlav V. Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Symbolic Order ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
World War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Way

The aim of this paper, is to determine the status of the Holocaust themes in contemporary Serbian literature. Philip David’s novel House of memories and oblivion contains resonances of the civilization after World War II considering the fate of Jewish people in this war. The attempt to highlight the work and the way of Western civilization to define itself in respect of the Holocaust was made. David’s novel is an example of a literary text which tests the boundaries of narrative regarding life of those who survived the Holocaust and tryed to find their identity. Literary discourse also allows to search for the truth about the crime in the gaps of the symbolic order of our world.

scholarly journals PANTERA NO PORÃO: TOTALITARISMO, PERSEGUIÇÃO, MAL-ESTAR E EXPERIÊNCIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
GISÉLLE RAZERA
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
The State ◽  
World War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Of Israel ◽  
The Way

Resumo: Este trabalho deriva da análise do livro Pantera no Porão, de Amós Oz, sob o prisma do ensaio “Mal-estar na Civilização”, de Sigmund Freud, e do livro As origens do to-talitarismo, de Hanna Arendt. Além disso, tem na obra Holocausto, história dos judeus na Europa na Segunda Guerra Mundial, de Martin Gilbert, o texto que embasa a contextuali-zação do chão histórico sobre as condições de vida do povo judeu no Velho Continente e no artigo “O Estado de Israel: fundamentos históricos” a fundamentação que visa descrever o processo de formação do Estado de Israel. A abordagem apresentada neste artigo busca dar evidência ao modo como a perseguição aos judeus – descrita por Arendt e Gilbert, além dos pressupostos de Freud – está representada nas páginas de Pantera no porão, narrativa que tem como pano de fundo a fixação da comunidade judaica em terras árabes. Palavras-chave: Amós Oz – Pantera no Porão – Holocausto – Totalitarismo – Israel. Abstract: Panther in the Basement: totalitarianism, persecution, malaise and experience This work is derived from the analysis of Amos Oz's Panther in the Basement, under the prism of Sigmund Freud's essay "Malaise in Civilization" and Hanna Arendt's The Origins of Totalitarianism. In addition to the history of the Jews in Europe in World War II, by Martin Gilbert, the text of the Holocaust, the history of the Jewish people in the Old Conti-nent and the article "The State of Israel: Historical grounds" the grounds for describing the process of formation of the State of Israel. The approach presented in this ar-ticle seeks to give evidence to the way in which the persecution of the Jews – described by Arendt and Gilbert, in addition to the assumptions of Freud – is represented in the pages of Pantera in the basement, narrative that has as background the fixation of the Jewish com-munity in Arab lands. Keywords: Amos Oz - Panther in the Basement - Holocaust - Totalitarianism – Israel.

Ethics and aesthetics of World War II memory: The case of David Foenkinos, Charlotte

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Bracher
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
First Century ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
German Jewish ◽  
Key Questions

Winner of the 2014 Renaudot prize, David Foenkinos’s novel Charlotte recounts the tragic life and highly original work of the German Jewish artist Charlotte Salomon, arrested in the south of France and deported to her death at Auschwitz in the fall of 1943. As is often the case in twenty-first-century narratives, Foenkinos engages in a highly personal mode of narration that plunges back into the most momentous aspects of World War II and the Holocaust. Charlotte thus links the quandaries of the narrator’s own life and times to those of this protagonist in ways that lead us to face key questions of ethics and aesthetics. These concern not only the destiny of Charlotte Salomon, but also our own manner of approaching and remembering the most momentous events of the twentieth century through the medium of the literary text.

scholarly journals Holocaust Representation and Graphical Strangeness in Art Spiegelman’s Maus: A Survivor’s Tale: “Funny Animals,” Constellations, and Traumatic Memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Ana-Maria Gavrilă
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Pulitzer Prize ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Holocaust Literature ◽  
World War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Cultural Connotations

Abstract Art Spiegelman’s MAUS, a Pulitzer-prize-winning two-volume graphic novel, zooms into wartime Poland, interweaving young Vladek’s – the author’s father – experiences of World War II and the present day through uncanny visual and verbal representational strategies characteristic of the comics medium. “I’m literally giving a form to my father’s words and narrative”, Spiegelman remarks on MAUS, “and that form for me has to do with panel size, panel rhythms, and visual structures of the page”. The risky artistic strategies and the “strangeness” of its form, to use Harold Bloom’s term, are essential to how the author represents the horrors of the Holocaust: by means of anthropomorphic caricatures and stereotypes depicting Germans as cats, Jewish people as mice, Poles as pigs, and so on. Readings of MAUS often focus on the cultural connotations in the context of postmodernism and in the Holocaust literature tradition, diminishing the importance of its hybrid narrative form in portraying honest, even devastating events. Using this idea as a point of departure, along with a theoretical approach to traumatic memory and the oppressed survivor’s story, I will cover three main topics: the “bleeding” and re-building of history, in an excruciating obsession to save his father’s – a survivor of Auschwitz – story for posterity and to mend their alienating relationship and inability to relate; the connection between past and present, the traumatic subject, and the vulnerability it assumes in drawing and writing about life during the Holocaust as well as the unusual visual and narrative structure of the text. The key element of my study, as I analyse a range of sections of the book, focuses on the profound and astonishing strangeness of the work itself, which consequently assured MAUS a canonical status in the comics’ tradition.

Between Globalization and Particularization of Memories: Screen Images of the Holocaust in Germany and Poland

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna K. Stimmel
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
World War ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
Personal Connection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Film Directors ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The Way

With the increasing medialization of cultural memory regardingWorld War II and the Holocaust, cinematic texts become significantcomponents of our remembrance. Not only videotaped witness testimoniesbut also documentaries and fictional films make up the growingbody of visual material that tells of the wartime past and the waywe remember it. Today, the great majority of the filmmakers depictingthe Holocaust on screen—as well as their audiences—belong tothe so-called second and third generations. Born too late to have witnessedthe murder of Europe’s Jews, these film directors nonethelessdeclare a very strong personal connection to the past they neverknew. Their renditions of this past is, as Marianne Hirsch argues,driven by the “postmemory,” a type of memory in which the connectionto its object or source is mediated not through recollectionbut rather through imagination and creation.

Managing the difficult past: Ukrainian collective memory and public debates on history

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 780-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wylegała
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
World War ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
The Status ◽  
Limited Degree ◽  
The Common ◽  
Russian Identity

This article analyzes the status of difficult historic events in Ukrainian collective memory. Difficult elements of collective memory are defined as those which divide society on basic matters, such as identity and national cohesion, and events which are being actively forgotten because of the role of Ukrainians as perpetrators. Three such issues were analyzed: World War II and the role of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA), the Holocaust, and the ethnic purge of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia in 1943–1945. Utilizing data from quantitative and qualitative studies, the author showcases the significance of these issues for contemporary Ukrainian identity and Ukraine's relations with its neighbors. In particular, the evaluation of World War II and the role of the UPA in Ukrainian history polarizes Ukrainian society to a great degree. At the same time, this element of national history is used to construct a common, anti-Russian identity. The difficulty of relating to the memory of the Holocaust and the ethnic purge in Volhynia is of a different character. These events are problematic for Ukrainian collective memory because they demand a painful settling of accounts with the past. At present, only Ukrainian elites are willing to work on these subjects, and only to a limited degree, while the common consciousness either denies or ignores them altogether.

Effacement ou collecte indifférenciée ?

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-34
Author(s):  
Michèle Touret
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
New Form ◽  
Personal Testimony ◽  
Action Taking ◽  
Shed Light

The event and its figuration in the literary text may shed light on the relation of the work to its context, not in terms of content so much as in terms of its properly literary configuration. In event is not (always) erased but parodied, displaced, erased or estimated; it obsesses a narrator who is the fallible memorialist or inventor of a story – his own – which escapes him. This narrator, concerned with determining what could have or should havebeen, also appears as an observer exploring a new form of speech, one engaged in a dialogue slanted again the literary discourse of Beckett's time, the discourse of post–World War II novels, where the hero discovers himself in a need of adventure or action–taking, the discourse as well of the personal testimony of historical catastrophe.

scholarly journals Places of Memory for the victims of the Holocaust in Ukraine: the totalitarian legacy and historical and political challenges of today

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-122
Author(s):  
Anatolii Podolskyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
World War ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Places Of Memory

The article is devoted to the study of the formation of culture and policy Memory of the Holocaust victims in modern Ukraine. On the example of the international scholar and educational project „Protecting Memory”, which has been going on in Ukraine for more than ten years, the author analyzes the current state, trends, challenges and prospects of creating places of Memory and culture honoring the memory of World War II victims. war, including Ukrainian Jews and Ukrainian Roma. The article also provides a thorough analysis of the fundamental differences in the policy of remembrance for the victims of the Holocaust during the communist regime in Ukrainian lands and in modern democratic Ukraine. In the period from 1945 to 1991, the Communist authorities of the Ukraine banned a special memory of Jewish people, which were the victims of the Holocaust, all victims of National Socialism (official title of the Nazi part − NSDAP in German) during World War II were marked by the euphemism of the Soviet regime as „peaceful Soviet citizens”. The anti-Semitic policy was particularly harsh between 1948 and 1953, when Ukrainian Jews affected by the Nazi occupation came under the brunt of Soviet postwar repression. Thus, the feature of the tragic fate of Jewish communities during the domination of the Nazi anti-Semitic ideology and practice was completely leveled. The USSR denied the identities of civilian victims of the Nazi occupation, especially Jewish people and Roma. Only in the days of sovereign and independent Ukraine, the identity and memory of the victims of the Holocaust and the Roma Genocide in Ukraine were revived. One of the most powerful examples of restoring the historical memory of these civilian victims of the Nazi regime in Ukraine was the „Protecting Memory” project. Thanks to this project, during 2010−2020 in five regions of Ukraine − Lviv, Rivne, Volyn, Vinnytsia, Zhytomyr regions, 20 Memorials to Ukrainian Jewish people and Roma who were killed by Nazi punitive forces and their helpers during the German occupation of Ukraine in 1941−1944 were established. Key words: Holocaust, Antisemitism, Nazism, Stalin repressions Memory politics, World War II, Ukrainian Jews, Ukrainian Roma.

scholarly journals The Philanthropic Organizations' Assistance to Jews of Romania and "Transnistria" during the World War II

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Iryna Gennadiivna Radchenko
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Concentration Camps ◽  
World War ◽  
Charitable Organizations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to assistance, rescue to the Jewish people in Romanian territory, including "Transnistria" in 1939–1945. Using the archival document from different institutions (USHMM, Franklyn D. Roosevelt Library) and newest literature, the author shows the scale of the assistance, its mechanism and kinds. It was determined some of existed charitable organizations and analyzed its mechanism of cooperation between each other. Before the war, the Romanian Jewish Community was the one of largest in Europe (after USSR and Poland) and felt all tragedy of Holocaust. Romania was the one of the Axis states; the anti-Semitic policy has become a feature of Marshal Antonescu policy. It consisted of deportations from some regions of Romania to newly-created region "Transnistria", mass exterminations, death due to some infectious disease, hunger, etc. At the same moment, Romania became an example of cooperation of the international organizations, foreign governments on providing aid. The scale of this assistance was significant: thanks to it, many of Romanian Jews (primarily, children) could survive the Holocaust: some of them were come back to Romanian regions, others decide to emigrate to Palestine. The emphasis is placed on the personalities, who played important (if not decisive) role: W. Filderman, S. Mayer, Ch. Colb, J. Schwarzenberg, R. Mac Clelland and many others. It was found that the main part of assistance to Romanian Jews was began to give from the end of 1943, when the West States, World Jewish community obtained numerous proofs of Nazi crimes against the Jews (and, particularly, Romanian Jews). It is worth noting that the assistance was provided, mostly, for Romanian Jews, deported from Regat; some local (Ukrainian) Jews also had the possibility to receive a lot of needful things. But before the winter 1942, most of Ukrainian Jews was exterminated in ghettos and concentration camps. The main kinds of the assistance were financial (donations, which was given by JDC through the ICRC and Romanian Jewish Community), food parcels, clothes, medicaments, and emigrations from "Transnistria" to Romania, Palestine (after 1943). Considering the status of Romania (as Nazi Germany's ally in World War II), the international financial transactions dealt with some difficulties, which delayed the relief, but it was changed after the Romania's joining to Allies. The further research on the topic raises new problem for scholars. Particularly, it deals with using of memoirs. There is one other important point is inclusion of national (Ukrainian) historiography on the topic, concerning the rescue of Romanian Jews, to European and world history context.

The Unassailable Self: Freud's Image Among Post-war American Intellectuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Jenness
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
External Force ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Human Being ◽  
World War ◽  
The Us ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Way

This paper explores the way American intellectuals depicted Sigmund Freud during the peak of popularity and prestige of psychoanalysis in the US, roughly the decade and a half following World War II. These intellectuals insisted upon the unassailability of Freud's mind and personality. He was depicted as unsusceptible to any external force or influence, a trait which was thought to account for Freud's admirable comportment as a scientist, colleague and human being. This post-war image of Freud was shaped in part by the Cold War anxiety that modern individuality was imperilled by totalitarian forces, which could only be resisted by the most rugged of selves. It was also shaped by the unique situation of the intellectuals themselves, who were eager to position themselves, like the Freud they imagined, as steadfastly independent and critical thinkers who would, through the very clarity of their thought, lead America to a more robust democracy.

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