scholarly journals The Association Between Novel Polymorphisms of Gremlin Genes and Egg-Laying Performance Traits in Chinese Village Dagu Hens

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thobela Louis Tyasi ◽  
Ning Qin ◽  
Dehui Liu ◽  
Xiaotian Niu ◽  
Hongyan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Synonymous Substitution ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Performance Traits

Abstract Gremlin (GREM1, GREM2) genes are the known bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) inhibitors, but their genetic diversity in animal species remains unknown. The current study was conducted to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in chicken GREM1 and GREM2 genes, and their association with egg production traits using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing. The results discovered novel SNPs and, among these variations, C/T transition at position 436 in exon 1 of the GREM1 gene leads to synonymous substitution of amino acids, and T/C transition at position 690 in the coding region of the GREM2 gene leads to a non-synonymous substitution of amino acids (valine acid 114-to-alanine acid). Association analysis established that at the age of 43, 57 and 66 wks, hen-house egg production (HHEP) was more highly significantly associated (P<0.05) with the AA genotype in the GREM1 gene. In the GREM2 gene, the TC genotype was remarkably linked with higher HHEP at the age of 30, 57 and 66 wks. Our results provide evidence that the GREM1 and GREM2 genes have potential effects on HHEP in chickens. SNPs determined in this work may be utilised as favourable potential DNA markers for improving of egg-laying performance traits.

scholarly journals Novel Polymorphisms in RAPGEF6 Gene Associated with Egg-Laying Rate in Chinese Jing Hong Chicken using Genome-Wide SNP Scan

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ali Azmal ◽  
Ali Akbar Bhuiyan ◽  
Abdullah Ibne Omar ◽  
Shuai Ma ◽  
Chenghao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Analysis ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Nucleotide Exchange ◽  
Genome Wide

The improvement of egg production is of vital importance in the chicken industry to maintain optimum output throughout the laying period. Because of the elongation of the egg-laying cycle, a drop in egg-laying rates in the late laying period has provoked great concern in the poultry industry. In this study, we calculated the egg-laying rate at weeks 61–69 (60 days) of Jing Hong chickens parent generation as the phenotype, and the genotype were detected by the chicken 600K Affymetrix Axiom High Density (HD) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP)-array. The Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) result showed that the egg production trait is significantly associated with five SNPs (AX-75745366, AX-75745380, AX-75745340, AX-75745388, and AX-75745341), which are in the rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6 (RAPGEF6) gene on chicken chromosome 13. A total of 1676 Chinese commercial Jing Hong laying hens—including two populations, P1 population (858 hens) and P2 population (818 hens)—were genotyped using the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragments Length Polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method for the association analysis of egg-laying rates for the verification of the GWAS results. Genotypic and allelic frequencies of five SNPs were inconsistent with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and the average population genetics parameters considering all the SNP values; i.e., gene homozygosity (Ho), gene heterozygosity (He), the effective number of alleles (Ne), and the polymorphism information content (PIC) were 0.75, 0.25, 1.40, and 0.20 in P1; 0.71, 0.29, 1.46, and 0.24 in P2; and 0.73, 0.27, 1.43, and 0.22 in P1 + P2 populations, respectively. The association analysis results revealed that out of the five polymorphisms, three of them (AX-75745366, AX-75745340, and AX-75745341; Patent applying No: 201810428916.5) had highly significant effects on egg-laying rates according to the GWAS results. Population-specific association analyses also showed similar significant association effects with this trait. Four haplotypes (AAGG, AAAG, AGGG, and AGAG) were inferred based on significant loci (AX-75745340 and AX-75745341) and also showed significant associations with the egg-laying rate, where haplotype AAGG had the highest egg-laying rate, with the exception of the egg-laying rate in P1 population, followed by other haplotypes. Furthermore, genotypes TT, AA, and GG showed the highest egg-laying rate compared to the corresponding genotypes at AX-75745366, AX-75745340, and AX-75745341 SNP loci in P1+P2, respectively. A similar result was found in the population-specific analysis except for the P1 population, in which TC genotype showed the highest egg-laying rate. No significant association was found in the egg-laying rate during the 60 days laying period for the SNPs (AX-75745380 and AX-75745388) in any group of population (p ≥ 0.05). Collectively, we report for the first time that 3 SNPs in the RAPGEF6 gene were significantly associated with the egg-laying rate during the later stage of egg production, which could be used as the potential candidate molecular genetic markers that would be able to facilitate in the selection and improvement of egg production traits through chicken breeding.

New polymorphisms of PAPPA and PAPPA2 genes and their associations with egg production traits in Chinese Dagu chickens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Liu ◽  
X. L. Niu ◽  
T. L. Tyasi ◽  
N. Qin ◽  
H. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Conformation Polymorphism

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, pappalysin1 (PAPPA) and pappalysin2 (PAPPA2) genes were implicated in regulation of hen ovarian follicular development and growth. Four novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified using PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequencing. Among them, A/G transition at position 172864 and T/C mutation at position 172952 in 3‘-untranslated region (UTR) of PAPPA named SNP A172864G and T172952C, respectively. A/G transition at position 77421 and T/C at position 77455 in 3‘-UTR of PAPPA2 gene named as SNP A77421G and T77455C, respectively. For SNP A172864G and T172952C (PAPPA), 360 Dagu hens were classified as AA, AB and BB genotypes based on PCR-SSCP patterns, and BB genotype correlated significantly (P less than 0.05) with higher hen-housed egg production (HHEP) at 30 and 57 weeks (wks) of age and higher egg weight (EW) at 43 wks of age. Consequently, these SNPs identified will be potential genetic markers to improve egg productivity in chicken breeding.

scholarly journals Associations of IGF2 and DRD2 polymorphisms with laying traits in Muscovy duck

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Ye ◽  
Jiguo Xu ◽  
Xinfeng Gao ◽  
Hongjia Ouyang ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Muscovy Duck ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Muscovy Ducks

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) play important roles in ovarian follicular development. In this study, we analyzed tissue-specific expression of the Muscovy duck IGF2 and DRD2 genes and cloned those genes transcripts. Polymorphisms in these genes were tightly linked with egg production traits and both genes were highly expressed in the ovary. Moreover, we identified five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for IGF1 and 28 for DRD2. Mutations A-1864G and C-1704G of IGF2 were positively correlated with increased egg laying at 59 weeks (E59W) (P < 0.05). The C+7T and C+364G mutations of DRD2 were highly and significantly associated with first-egg age (FEA) and egg numbers at 300 days (E300D) (P < 0.01). Moreover, C+3301G and C+3545G of DRD2 were highly significantly associated with FEA, E59W and E300D (P < 0.01). Other mutations were positively associated with FEA or E300D or E59W (P < 0.05). These data suggest specific roles for IGF1 and DRD2 polymorphisms in egg production in Muscovy ducks.

scholarly journals Growth and Early Laying Performance of Pullet Chickens Fed Sorghum Based Diets Supplemented with Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
P. A. Onimisi ◽  
O. M. Agunbiade ◽  
J. J. Omage
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Final Weight

A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing maize with sorghum and supplementation with enzymes, on the growth and laying performance of laying chickens. Four hundred and fifty 12-weeks old Lohman Brown pullets were distributed randomly into six dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment, each replicate had 25 birds with uniform group weights at the initial stage of the study. The treatments included maize without enzymes (T1) and sorghum without enzymes (T2) as two controls respectively, while T3, T4, T5, and T6 contained sorghum based diets with phytase, protease, roxazyme G2G, and a combination of protease and roxazyme G2G respectively. The experiment lasted from 12 to 32 weeks of age of birds during which data were collected on growth and early egg laying performance of birds. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, using the completely randomized design (CRD). Significant differences among treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Significant (p<0.05) differences were noted in final weight (g/bird), weight gain (g/bird), daily weight gain (g/bird), total feed intake (g/bird), daily feed intake (g/bird/day), and feed to gain ratio. Final weight and weight gain were significantly (p<0.05) better for birds in T4 (sorghum + protease) compared to the other treatments, but was similar to T1 (control). At the early laying stage, no definite trend was observed among the egg production traits. However, dietary treatment supplemented with phytase (T3) had the highest numerical values for; weight of first egg (54.28g), number of eggs at peak lay (24.00), hen house egg production 78.84%, and hen day egg production, 81.09%. It was concluded therefore, that sorghum with phytase and protease supplementations can be used in layers' diets for optimum egg production. It is recommended that phytase supplementation at 0.02% with sorghum can be incorporated into the diets of egg type chickens for optimum performance.

scholarly journals Growth and Early Laying Performance of Pullet Chickens Fed Sorghum Based Diets Supplemented with Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
P. A., Onimisi ◽  
O. M. Agunbiade ◽  
J. J. Omage
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Final Weight

A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of replacing maize with sorghum and supplementation with enzymes, on the growth and laying performance of laying chickens. Four hundred and fifty 12-weeks old Lohmann Brown pullets were distributed randomly into six dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment, each replicate had 25 birds with uniform group weights at the initial stage of the study. The treatments included maize without enzymes (T1) and sorghum without enzymes (T2) as two controls respectively, while T3, T4, T5, and T6 contained sorghum based diets with phytase, protease, roxazyme G2G, and a combination of protease and roxazyme G2G respectively. The experiment lasted from 12 to 32 weeks of age of birds during which data were collected on growth and early egg laying performance of birds. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, using the completely randomized design (CRD). Significant differences among treatment means were compared using the Tukey test. Significant (p<0.05) differences were noted in final weight (g/bird), weight gain (g/bird), daily weight gain (g/bird), total feed intake (g/bird), daily feed intake (g/bird/day), and feed to gain ratio. Final weight and weight gain were significantly (p<0.05) better for birds in T4 (sorghum + protease) compared to the other treatments, but was similar to T1 (control). At the early laying stage, no definite trend was observed among the egg production traits. However, dietary treatment supplemented with phytase (T3) had the highest numerical values for; weight of first egg (54.28g), number of eggs at peak lay (24.00), hen house egg production 78.84%, and hen day egg production, 81.09%. It was concluded therefore, that sorghum with phytase and protease supplementations can be used in layers' diets for optimum egg production. It is recommended that phytase supplementation at 0.02% with sorghum can be incorporated into the diets of egg type chickens for optimum performance.

The laying of male eggs by bumble bee queens: an experimental reappraisal and a new hypothesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Plowright ◽  
C. M. S. Plowright
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Laying Workers ◽  
New Hypothesis

The hypothesis that proximal factors associated with high worker density in a bumble bee (Bombus terricola) colony trigger laying of male eggs by the queen was examined in a series of four experiments. Neither the age of workers, the presence or absence of laying workers, nor the amount of pollen available to the colony affected the date of first male egg laying. Moreover, queens that had begun laying male eggs did not revert to laying female eggs after being removed from their colonies and placed in isolation. Instead, onset of male egg production appeared to be associated with the date of attainment of a critical worker/larva ratio in the colony. Functional considerations lead to the new hypothesis that queens monitor their egg-laying performance and begin to lay male eggs when it can be predicted that their female eggs will be raised as young queens.

scholarly journals Heterosis effect in hybrid laying hens

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hristakieva ◽  
M. Oblakova ◽  
M. Lalev ◽  
N. Mincheva
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Group V ◽  
Paternal Line ◽  
Group I ◽  
Heterosis Effect

The new original egg laying lines T, P and N selected at the Institute of Agriculture - Stara Zagora were used. Hybrid ?? ? ??, ?? ? ?? crosses were obtained and used for paternal line. Thereafter, the following breeding schedule of paternal and maternal lines was applied: Group I - (?????)? ?N?; group ?? - (?????)? ?N?; group ??? - ???N?; and group ?V - ???N?. The production traits of original and hybrid birds were recorded: live weight at the age of 8 and 18 weeks, age of sexual maturity in days, 150 days egg production, average egg weight - at 2-week intervals until end of lay; livability, heterosis effect. The live weights of hybrids at 8 and 18 weeks of age were statistically significantly lower compared to original lines. The values of heterosis for this parameter were negative for all four hybrid combinations. The earliest beginning of egg lay occurred in (?????) ? ?N? (162.08 days of age) and ???N? (163.11 days of age). The relative (%) heterosis for age of sexual maturity of studied hybrid combinations had moderate to low negative values. Average egg weights of hybrids were higher and the values of heterosis - positive for all four groups varying from 0.97% to 1.63%. The average 150 days egg production was lower in purebred lines compared to hybrids. The highest average 150 days egg production was determined in ???N? hybrids - 142 eggs. The heterosis effect for egg production in hybrids was significant.

scholarly journals Egg laying response of Arco black hen to garri chaff and cassava peel based diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
A. B. Gbadegesin ◽  
T. T Bello ◽  
F. A. O. Akinnusi
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Protein Rich ◽  
By Products ◽  
Cassava Peel

The need to optimize the utilization of garri processing by-products and improve the protein availability through egg production motivated this study. 165 Acro Black laying hen of 41 weeks old were grouped into five dietary treatments of 35 birds per treatment and five replicates of seven birds each. Layers' diets were compounded at 0%, 11.25%, 22.5%, 33.5% and 45% of garri chaff and 0%, 3.575%, 7.15%, 10.275% and 14.3% of sun dried cassava peel levels of inclusion. The diets and groups of birds were labelled A, B, C, D and E and the birds were fed with their corresponding diets for 6 consecutive weeks. Records of feed consumption and number of eggs laid were taken daily throughout the period of experimentation. The results showed that egg laying performance was of the order C>D>A>B>E among the dietary treatments. While egg laying performance hovered around 60% in the control treatment A, it increased from 57% to 86% in group C. Birds in treatment E had the least feed consumption and least egg laying performance. Weight increase of the birds at the end of the experimentation were of the order A>B>D>C>E. It was thus concluded that garri chaff and cassava peel appeared useful as ingredients in layers' diets at about equal quantity with maize and wheat offal, respectively but the feed should be adequately fortified with protein rich feedstuffs and the diets must be introduced early to avoid rejection by the birds.

Target of Rapamycin drives unequal responses to essential amino acid depletion in egg laying

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Nogueira Alves ◽  
Carla M Sgrò ◽  
Matthew D Piper ◽  
Christen K Mirth
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Depletion ◽  
Holidic Diet ◽  
Related Trait

Nutrition shapes a broad range of life history traits, ultimately impacting animal fitness. A key fitness-related trait, female fecundity is well known to change as a function of diet. In particular, the availability of dietary protein is one of the main drivers of egg production, and in the absence of essential amino acids egg laying declines. However, it is unclear whether all essential amino acids have the same impact on phenotypes like fecundity. Using a holidic diet, we fed adult female D. melanogaster diets that contain all necessary nutrients except one of the 10 essential amino acids and assessed the effects on egg production. For most essential amino acids, depleting a single amino acid induced as rapid a decline in egg production as when there were no amino acids in the diet. However, when either methionine or histidine were excluded from the diet, egg production declined more slowly. Next, we tested whether GCN2 and TOR were involved in this difference in response across amino acids. While mutations in GCN2 did not eliminate the differences in the rates of decline in egg laying among amino acid drop-out diets, we found that inhibiting TOR signalling caused egg laying to decline rapidly for all drop-out diets. TOR signalling does this by regulating the yolk-forming stages of egg chamber development. Our results suggest that amino acids differ in their ability to induce signalling via the TOR pathway. This is important because if phenotypes differ in sensitivity to individual amino acids, this generates the potential for mismatches between the output of a pathway and the animal's true nutritional status.

Alterations in plasma constituents, growth and egg production traits due to selection in three genotypes of Japanese quail

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Farahat ◽  
B. Y. Mahmoud ◽  
E. M. El-Komy ◽  
E. A. El-Full
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe present investigation was carried out to estimate the effects of genotype and sex on growth and laying performance and assess the variations in plasma constituents in the tested genotypes and their relations with productive traits after four generations of selection. Data of growth and laying performance on 1440 females and males of Japanese quail were taken from the three quail genotypes: maternal (MG), long shank length (LSG28) and control (CG) genotypes. Genotype significantly affected all studied growth productive traits, favouring selected genotypes. The LSG28surpassed MG in total protein, albumin (Alb), globulin (Glob), triglycerides and Alb/Glob ratio and lowered both cholesterol and total lipids (TL). Sex significantly favoured females, which had higher body weight, longer shank length at 35 days of age and higher body weight gain during the period from 1 to 35 days of age. Females showed significantly higher concentrations of both Alb and TL than males. The MG exceeded LSG28in fertility and hatchability per cent. Correlations for both growth and productive traits with plasma constituents revealed inconsistent trends in either magnitude or direction. Four generations of selection resulted in substantial phenotypic improvements in most growth and productive traits, as well as plasma constituents studied in LSG28, and favoured MG in maturity, days needed to produce the first ten eggs, higher egg production per cent and heavier egg mass.

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