scholarly journals Firms’ operational costs, market entry and growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cardona ◽  
Fernando Sánchez-Losada
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
New Product ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
New Firm ◽  
Organizational Literature ◽  
Number Of Firms

AbstractThe industrial organizational literature identifies operational costs as being an important determinant of industry evolution over time; however, it also shows that they can be endogenous and time-dependent. In this paper, we analyze the effects of endogenous and time-dependent operational costs on economic activity and, hence, on economic growth. We show that the particular nature of these costs determines the way in which the overall number of firms grows, which ultimately determines the pattern of economic growth. Our analysis differs from other approaches in that (i) a new firm is associated with the creation of a new product in such a way that a planned expenditure of resources is required (e.g. R&D), and (ii) an accumulation law for the growth of the number of firms is assumed. Hence, we show that growth can occur endogenously in an economy without any specific growth generating sector.

IN COLOMBIA, IT IS ALL ABOUT INSTITUTIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdiweli M Ali
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Judicial Efficiency ◽  
Low Levels

This paper highlights the importance of institutions on development and as it particularly applies to Colombia. It provides some evidence that the institutional environment in which an economic activity takes place is an important determinant of growth. It suggests that countries with high levels of economic growth are characterized with by high levels of economic freedom and judicial efficiency, low levels of corruption, effective bureaucracy, and protected private property.

The use of statistical methods in the analysis of mobile payment market in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Artur Borcuch
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Human History ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Mobile Payments ◽  
Payment Instruments

Payments are an inherent element of economic activity (León and Ortega 2018). However, the evolution of payment instruments and the way individuals and businesses make daily payments has undergone enormous change in human history, particularly due to main innovations in payment systems in last decades (Gandhi 2016). The last innovation in payment system concerns mobile payment. The development of mobile payments market can have a positive impact on economic growth (Leon and Rodriguez 2012). Although the Polish market of mobile payments is in the initial phase of development, it is one of the pioneering and leading in Europe and globally. The main purpose of this article is to analyze, which feature (convenience, speed, availability, ease of use, safety) of mobile payments could be the most important for users from Poland.

The Unionist Experiment in Guatemala, 1920-1921: Conciliation, Disintegration, and the Liberal Junta

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-64
Author(s):  
Wade Kit
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Moderate Pace ◽  
Political Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Rare Opportunity

During the presidency of Manuel Estrada Cabrera (1898-1920), the exploitative and exclusive nature of Guatemalan society became increasingly obvious. Instead of real development, what emerged was a landed oligarchy, engaged primarily in the production of coffee, who utilized their economic might to construct a state that protected their dominant social and political status. Although economic growth and modernization proceeded at a moderate pace in the first two decades of this century, political and social problems associated with increased economic activity and the altered fabric of Guatemalan society arose. Significant among these were the rapid growth of the capital's middle sectors, the emergence of incipient labor organizations, and a vocal and politically conscious student population; all of which were refused a forum for political expression, not to mention an equitable share in the profits of the republic's lucrative coffee industry. The cumulative effect of these forces, augmented by the extremely repressive nature of Estrada Cabrera's Administration, presented the republic with a rare opportunity to implement real and significant reform.

Remittances and the Financing of Terrorism In Sub-Saharan Africa: 1974 - 2006

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet U. Elu ◽  
Gregory N. Price
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equation ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Consumption Expenditures ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Financing Of Terrorism

AbstractRemittances have been recognized as an important determinant of economic growth for Sub-Saharan African economies as they can finance other determinants that constitute drivers of growth. To the extent that remittances finance terrorism, they can also inhibit economic growth as terrorism can constrain important drivers of growth such as investment and consumption expenditures. In this paper, we appeal to a theory of rational terrorism and consider whether remittances to Sub-Saharan Africa finance terrorism. We estimate the parameters of a static and dynamic terrorism incident supply function with maximum likelihood and Generalized Estimating Equation count data estimators for Sub-Saharan Africa between 1974 and 2006. Our parameter estimates suggest that for Sub-Saharan Africa, remittances are a source of finance for terrorism. We find that approximately one terrorism incident is financed in Sub-Saharan Africa for remittance inflows that range between approximately one quarter of a million dollars and one million dollars.

Ecuador’s Lasso weathers early storm but clouds loom

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
The Political ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Downward Pressure ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
International Investors

Significance He appears to have weathered this early political storm, achieving notable successes in areas such as tax reform. However, the political outlook remains uncertain, with a likely COVID-19 resurgence heralding new challenges in 2022. Impacts Containing the spread of the Omicron variant will be a priority for Lasso in the coming months. A pandemic resurgence would place downward pressure on economic growth and tax collection. Tax reforms will please international investors and support efforts to attract foreign direct investment to stimulate economic activity.

scholarly journals LA COMPOSICIÓN DE LA CAPACIDAD TRIBUTARIA: EVIDENCIA PARA UN PANEL DE PAÍSES

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (319) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Nancy Ivonne Muller Durán
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Panel Models ◽  
Fiscal Reforms ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tax Capacity

<p>En este documento analizo la relación que existe entre el crecimiento económico, el comercio exterior y la capacidad tributaria. Sostengo que los impuestos no necesariamente distorsionan la eficiencia y que dependen de la actividad económica. Para documentar la hipótesis realizo cuatro modelos panel cointegrados para un grupo de 55 países y su subsecuente división de acuerdo con tres niveles de ingreso para el periodo de 1990-2018. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el crecimiento económico es una condición <em>sine qua non</em> para determinar la capacidad recaudatoria pero no es suficiente en aquellos países con desigualdad económica. Por lo tanto, es necesario estimular el desarrollo económico y promover reformas fiscales progresivas.</p><p> </p><p align="center">THE COMPOSITION OF TAX EFFORT: EVIDENCE FOR A PANEL OF COUNTRIES.</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>This document analyzes the relationship between economic growth, foreign trade and tax capacity. It is argued that taxes do not distort efficiency and that they depend on economic activity. In order to empirically support our hypothesis, four cointegrated panel models are carried out for a group of 55 countries and their subsequent division according to three income levels for the period 1990-2018. The results obtained show that economic growth is a <em>sine qua non</em> condition for determining tax capacity, but it is not enough in countries plagued with economic inequality. Therefore, it is necessary to stimulate economic development and promote progressive fiscal reforms.</p>

scholarly journals Schumpeterian aspects of growth and its correlative classical and neoclassical approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-117
Author(s):  
Sergio A. Berumen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Capital Humano ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

Economic Growth is a central concept in Economic Theory. Most of the modern societies regard growth as an important determinant for rising standards of living. Their effects can be observed not only in more goods and services but also in brand new processes. Investment in human capital is re-garded as the very source of long-term, sustainable Economic Growth. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief description of Economic Growth, how to approach its measurement, and to provide a brief review of the Schum-peterian thought and the main schools that have undertaken from the Classical and Neoclassical Approaches. Key Words: Economic Growth; Schumpeterian Thought; Classical and Neo-classical Approaches. JEL Classification: B12, B13, B52, O43, O49. Resumen: El crecimiento económico es un concepto fundamental de la teoría económica. La mayoría de las sociedades modernas consideran el crecimiento como una determinante importante para el incremento de los niveles de vida. Sus efectos se pueden observar en el aumento de bienes y servicios, pero también en la disponibilidad de nuevos procesos. En este escenario, la inver-sión en capital humano es, de hecho, la fuente original del crecimiento económico a largo plazo y de manera sostenible. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en explorar los principales rudimentos del crecimiento económico, de su preceptiva medición y de mostrar las aportaciones originales alcanzadas desde el Pensamiento Schumpeteriano, así como de su contrastación con las perspectivas Clásicas y Neoclásicas. Palabras clave: Crecimiento económico; Pensamiento Schumpeteriano; aproxi-maciones Clásica y Neoclásica.

scholarly journals Regional Spillover Effect Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kota Pekanbaru

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-634
Author(s):  
M. Irfan Rosyadi ◽  
Sinta Yulyanti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Multiple Regression Method ◽  
Spatial Impacts

The spillover effect of economic activity from one area to another is due to the inter-sector linkages, which have implications for economic growth. This study examines and presents empirical evidence on the effects of economic growth in the districts of Siak, Pelalawan, Kampar, Kuantan singingi, and Bengkalis, which have spatial impacts on the economic growth of Pekanbaru City. Through quantitative methods with secondary data from the Regency / City Central Statistics Agency in Riau Province, the data used is the Gross Regional Domestic Product from 2010 to 2019, then analyzed using the Multiple regression method. The study results show that Kampar, Kuantan singingi, Pelalawan, and Siak districts have a significant effect on the economic growth of Pekanbaru City, while Bengkalis does not affect. Not all of the natural resources owned by each district can provide a spillover effect of growth. However, a dominant sector in absorbing labor will provide a spillover effect of economic growth from one region to another. Keyword: Regional Spillover Effect. Economic Growht, Multiple Regression. Pekanbaru

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Kelestarian Ekonomi dan Lingkungan: Suatu Kajian Literatur

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 841-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heri Sukendar W
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Economic Instruments ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Positive Research ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
The Relationship

Pollution of the environment faced is generally caused by economic activity. Traditional economic theory placed trade-off between economic growth and environmental quality. However, since the early 1990s the empirical literature and theoretical literature have been growing rapidly. Research has shown that the relationship between economic growth and the environment can be positive. Research has shown the effect of income on environmental sustainability, control of population density. However, environmental pollution can be controlled to obtain optimal pollution which gives the maximum net benefits of economic activity. Identification of contaminants is required when optimal pollution can be determined. Economic instruments can be used to sue the polluters to control their economic activities. Selection of economic instruments that will be applied will work fine if the value of environmental contamination is known. In fact, pollution is not valuable, and therefore, the economic valuation of pollution is required. Several assessment techniques have been introduced, based on the type of pollution. The results also show that the conventional wisdom focuses more on the pollution control, in which they must be combined with the development of policy options that focus on ecoefficiency aspects of environmental sustainability and innovation in the process of economic development. If not, the economic growth will continue to degrade the environment in most countries.

scholarly journals THE CONTRIBUTION OF MIGRATION TO ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF ZAGREB

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinko Miličević ◽  
Danijel Knežević ◽  
Zoran Bubaš
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The problems in this paper belong to the field of migration and economy. The connection between migration and the economy has been proven on a global level, and as far as the Republic of Croatia is concerned, it is especially important to observe it through the City of Zagreb, which is the most important migration and economic center in the Republic of Croatia. Also, the accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union emphasized the observation and research of this connection because it created the preconditions for freer movement and employment of the population of the Republic of Croatia and the City of Zagreb within the European Union. The aim of this paper is to determine the contribution of migration to the economic growth of the City of Zagreb. The hypothesis presented in the paper is that there is a significant contribution of migration to the economic growth of the City of Zagreb. The disposition of the paper consists of six parts. The introduction explains the relevance of the topic, states the aim of the paper and hypotheses, explains the empirical part, the contribution of the paper and the disposition. The second part of the paper refers to the theoretical framework of the impact of migration on economic growth. The third part of the paper presents the migration processes of the City of Zagreb in the period from 2011 to 2018. The fourth part deals with economic activity in the City of Zagreb in the period from 2011 to 2017. The observed indicators of economic activity in the City of Zagreb are GDP and GDP per capita, and the graph in this part of the paper shows that GDP and GDP per capita in the observed period are higher at the end of the period than at the beginning. The fifth part of the paper refers to the empirical research of the contribution of migration to the economic growth of the City of Zagreb. The empirical part of the paper is based on correlations and regression analyses. This paper proves the hypothesis because the results indicate a significant impact of the variables of total and external migration on the GDP of the City of Zagreb and GDP per capita of the City of Zagreb. Decision-makers in the City of Zagreb can use the results of the research as a basis for maximizing the economic benefits they can get from migration. The conclusion provides an overview of the aim of the work, the results of the research, the limitations, the implications and the recommendations for future research.

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