scholarly journals Creativity and Social Interactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Lebuda ◽  
Marta Galewska-Kustra ◽  
Vlad Petre Glăveanu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Systemic Approach ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Creativity Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

AbstractIn this editorial we discuss the reasons behind choosing social interactions as the theme for this CTRA special issue. We briefly describe the transition in creativity research from a paradigm centered on the individual and his/her intra-psychological predispositions to one focused on the social, systemic approach to creativity in which this phenomenon is not only facilitated or inhibited by social factors, but embedded in and multi-directionally connected to the socio-cultural and material context in which it takes place. We end with a brief description of the contributions to this special issue.

Value-driven issues throughout the development of sociological theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Gulbarshyn Chepurko ◽  
Valerii Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

The paper examines and compares how the major sociological theories treat axiological issues. Value-driven topics are analysed in view of their relevance to society in times of crisis, when both societal life and the very structure of society undergo dramatic change. Nowadays, social scientists around the world are also witnessing such a change due to the emergence of alternative schools of sociological thought (non-classical, interpretive, postmodern, etc.) and, subsequently, the necessity to revise the paradigms that have been existed in sociology so far. Since the above-mentioned approaches are often used to address value-related issues, building a solid theoretical framework for these studies takes on considerable significance. Furthermore, the paradigm revision has been prompted by technological advances changing all areas of people’s lives, especially social interactions. The global human community, integral in nature, is being formed, and production of human values now matters more than production of things; hence the “expansion” of value-focused perspectives in contemporary sociology. The authors give special attention to collectivities which are higher-order units of the social system. These units are described as well-organised action systems where each individual performs his/her specific role. Just as the role of an individual is distinct from that of the collectivity (because the individual and the collectivity are different as units), so too a distinction is drawn between the value and the norm — because they represent different levels of social relationships. Values are the main connecting element between the society’s cultural system and the social sphere while norms, for the most part, belong to the social system. Values serve primarily to maintain the pattern according to which the society is functioning at a given time; norms are essential to social integration. Apart from being the means of regulating social processes and relationships, norms embody the “principles” that can be applied beyond a particular social system. The authors underline that it is important for Ukrainian sociology to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field of axiology and make good use of those ideas because this is a prerequisite for its successful integration into the global sociological community.

scholarly journals Phenomenological approaches to personal identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Čapek ◽  
Sophie Loidolt
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
The Self ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Social ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Continental Tradition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Temporal Becoming

AbstractThis special issue addresses the debate on personal identity from a phenomenological viewpoint, especially contemporary phenomenological research on selfhood. In the introduction, we first offer a brief survey of the various classic questions related to personal identity according to Locke’s initial proposal and sketch out key concepts and distinctions of the debate that came after Locke. We then characterize the types of approach represented by post-Hegelian, German and French philosophies of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. We argue that whereas the Anglophone debates on personal identity were initially formed by the persistence question and the characterization question, the “Continental” tradition included remarkably intense debates on the individual or the self as being unique or “concrete,” deeply temporal and—as claimed by some philosophers, like Sartre and Foucault—unable to have any identity, if not one externally imposed. We describe the Continental line of thinking about the “self” as a reply and an adjustment to the post-Lockean “personal identity” question (as suggested by thinkers such as MacIntyre, Ricœur and Taylor). These observations constitute the backdrop for our presentation of phenomenological approaches to personal identity. These approaches run along three lines: (a) debates on the layers of the self, starting from embodiment and the minimal self and running all the way to the full-fledged concept of person; (b) questions of temporal becoming, change and stability, as illustrated, for instance, by aging or transformative life-experiences; and (c) the constitution of identity in the social, institutional, and normative space. The introduction thus establishes a structure for locating and connecting the different contributions in our special issue, which, as an ensemble, represent a strong and differentiated contribution to the debate on personal identity from a phenomenological perspective.

scholarly journals The influence of social factors on the development of the motivational sphere of student youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-180
Author(s):  
Lada Yakovytska
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
Motivational Structure ◽  
Motivational Profile ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the analysis and empirical study of the most promising developmental tasks of the modern educational environment for the development of new approaches to the organization and psychological support of the development of a person's productive activity. These tasks clearly demonstrate the relationship between the motivational sphere of the individual and the social environment, the effectiveness of the influence of social factors on the development of the individual, the importance of studying their hierarchization according to the degree of influence. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the study of the possibility of a targeted impact through social factors, norms, requirements on the motivational-need sphere of a developing personality will allow to determine to a large extent, the direction of its development. Our research is based on the assumption that the analysis of the motivational profile will allow us to understand how student youth comes to the realization of the need to coordinate the goals, requirements, wishes of the external environment with their own motivation. The aim of the study was to study the influence of the individual's objective attitudes on the structure of professional activity motives. To solve the set tasks, the following methods were used: the motivational profile of S. Ritchie and P. Martin, the test "20 statements". The results obtained by the method of S. Ritchie and P. Martin confirmed our hypothetical assumption, the respondents predominantly chose the objective components of the motivational structure, which were substantively related to the social expectations of the subjects (from society to themselves). The results obtained confirmed the prospects of studying the influence of social factors on the development of the motivational-need-related sphere of the individual. The analysis of social factors makes it possible to study and model the conditions that contribute to the rethinking of the actual situation by the individual and the creation of new meanings of activity that provide for a wider non-utilitarian social context that goes beyond the current situation.

Introduction to the Special Issue on ‘Charisma’

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Maren Freudenberg ◽  
Tim Weitzel
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Conceptual Debate ◽  
The Individual

The introduction to the special issue on ‘charisma’ offers a very brief overview of the development of the concept in the social sciences and various critiques and intersecting debates. It casts a close look at Max Weber’s sometimes contradictory use of the concept and the different ways he conceptualized it in his sociology of religion and his sociology of domination. It then examines alternative theoretical approaches to ‘charisma’ that emerge in the course of the twentieth century before outlining this special issue’s contribution to the conceptual debate and the individual articles’ operationalization of the term by viewing charisma as relational, communicative, procedural, as well as related to ideas, practices, and objects.

scholarly journals Word of Mouth, Viral Marketing and Open Data: A Large-Scale Simulation for Predicting Opinion Diffusion on Ethical Food Consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostino G. Bruzzone ◽  
Matteo Agresta ◽  
Jen Hsien Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Viral Marketing ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Results ◽  
Individual Opinion ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Choices

AbstractThis paper presents the first results of a large-scale-Agent-Based Simulation devoted to simulate individual behaviour inside a medium sized city (600,000 inhabitants). Humans are simulated as Intelligent Individual entities characterized by several attributes created from the Open Data available by means of a multi-layer approach. The work presented is divided into two main parts: the first part aims to describe the multi-layer approach adopted with the inclusion of the social network layer devoted to capture how social networks can be correlated with human activities and how an “Individual Opinion” can changes based on social interactions. The second part is devoted to present a preliminary case study for simulating the propagation dynamics of the individual opinion in the form of an ethical value function. The basic idea is to capture the changes in the individual opinion based on the social interactions predicted by the simulation. Finally, a food choice model for predicting individual choices based on the individual opinion function is presented; the model is based on three parameters: accessibility of ethical shops, price difference with standard products, and ethical value propagation.

scholarly journals Modeling the Social Factors That Determine Sustainable Consumption Behavior in the Community of Madrid

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edna Figueroa-García ◽  
Juan García-Machado ◽  
Diana Pérez-Bustamante Yábar
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Personal Consumption ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
The Individual

This paper defines the social factors that determine sustainable behavior and identifies the elements that promote such behavior. These factors are external from the individual and causal regarding sustainable behavior, an area that receives little attention in literature. It uses a theoretical model, based on existing research, which is tested through a questionnaire with 26 indicators adapted to the Spanish context. In an initial analysis, this model proposed, as determining social factors in the CCS, aspects such as government action, social pressure, influence of the social environment, demographic variables (age, gender, education level), education and information, and market conditions. Finally, it was concluded that 43.4% of the variance of the endogenous latent variable (SCC) can be explained only by three exogenous latent constructions: environmental influences (in particular the influence of family and friends, as well as that generated by cultural factors such as traditions), education and information (specifically related to information on sustainability and the effects of personal consumption on the environment), and market conditions (referring to the positive perception of sustainable products by consumers, including their willingness to pay higher prices than those of conventional products). The rest of the exogenous variables did not have a significant relationship with the endogenous variable. These results are very useful for government institutions, companies that operate in the sector and pro-environmental and pro-social groups, that knowing what motivates people to adopt this form of behavior can design relevant strategies to get positive answers about the environment, the economy and the society.

scholarly journals Incorporating Physical Environment-Related Factors in an Assessment of Community Attachment: Understanding Urban Park Contributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (20) ◽  
pp. 5603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xu ◽  
David Matarrita-Cascante ◽  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
A.E. Luloff
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Urban Park ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Community Attachment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociological Studies

Community sociologists have examined community attachment through an almost exclusive focus on people’s social relations. Recent research efforts have noted the neglect of the physical place in traditional community sociological studies. Doing this has brought the physical environment into their discussions of community attachment. Despite this progress, we remain limited in our understanding of the physical environment’s contribution to peoples’ attachment to their communities and whether its effect on community attachment is applicable in the context of urban settings. In an effort to expand our knowledge of this topic, this study explored the contributions of the urban physical environment on community attachment. By selecting the Discovery Green Park as a typical form of physical environment in Houston, Texas, this study sought to investigate how people’s levels of community attachment could be predicted by: (1) peoples’ interactions with an urban park; (2) people’s emotional connections with such a park; and (3) peoples’ social interactions with others within the park. After conducting a series of block model regression analyses, we found that community attachment was not completely defined by social factors, but also depended upon peoples’ emotional connections with the local physical environment and the social interactions happening in those settings.

scholarly journals Memory ecologies

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
World View ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual

The individual and collective and also cultural domains have long constituted challenging boundaries for the study of memory. These are often clearly demarcated between approaches drawn from the human and the social sciences and also humanities, respectively. But recent work turns the enduring imagination – the world view – of these domains on its head by treating memory as serving a link between both the individual and collective past and future. Here, I employ some of the contributions from Schacter and Welker’s Special Issue of Memory Studies on ‘Memory and Connection’ to offer an ‘expanded view’ of memory that sees remembering and forgetting as the outcome of interactional trajectories of experience, both emergent and predisposed.

Event ethics and their elasticity: weddings in Botswana and the exploration of the tacit extraordinary

Africa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-478
Author(s):  
Rijk van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Everyday Ethics ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Opposite View ◽  
The Individual

AbstractWhereas Michael Lambek situates the exploration of the significance of ‘ordinary ethics’ in the everyday as the study of ‘the ethical in the conjunction or movement between explicit local pronouncements and implicit local practices and circumstances’, this article takes the opposite view by drawing attention to special events that appear to engage – or provide space for – extraordinary ethics. Special events and their extraordinary ethics bring into relief the implicitness of the ordinary in everyday ethics. Weddings in Botswana are moments in the social life of the individual, the family and the community that produce such event ethics. On one level, the event ethics relate to the execution of these highly stylized weddings in terms of concerns about their performance and marital arrangements. On another level, the event ethics can have tacit dimensions that belong to the special nature of the occasion. This article argues not only that ‘ordinary ethics’ may be privileged through the study of what is tacit in social interactions, but that ‘event ethics’ also demonstrate the importance of the tacit.

*The Study of Social Organizations

Behaviour ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen Mcbride
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Animal Societies

AbstractThis paper presents a theoretical model of and a practical approach to the study of social systems. It was prepared after discussions at the XI and XII International Ethological Conferences, and each draft was presented to many ethologists for comment, and many responded. The paper looks at the social organization within animal species, and at the way animals build, maintain, and change it by their behaviour. The questions asked move always from the individual behaviours, through the social interactions, to the social reiationships and groups which are stable features of societies. The main societal subsystems discussed are: I. Social phases, or social structures which are maintained for periods of time; 2. Organic specialization by castes; 3. Social specialization in groups ; 4. The pattern of dispersal of individuals or groups; 5. The social organization of sexual and parent-offspring behaviour; 6. The organization of behaviour in relation to the environment; 7. The dynamic aspects of animal societies, particularly with changes in density. In each section, questions aim to draw out the pattern of behavioural organization, emphasising the structural features of the theoretical model presented.

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