Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy in Motivational Structure of Hepatitis B Patients

Background: It is essential to understand and support hepatitis B patients to minimize their challenges and limitations and provide them with appropriate treatment. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate training and consulting programs to prepare for and identify various aspects of the disease. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-integrated cognitive-behavioral group therapy (MiCBT) in the motivational structure of hepatitis B patients in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study sample consisted of 28 hepatitis B patients selected from all patients visiting specialist clinics in Tehran in 2020. Following the interviews and completion of the Personal Concerns Inventory, 14 patients were selected per group using simple random sampling and were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. A posttest was conducted after 12 sessions of MiCBT (one 90-min group session weekly for three months). Data were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS software. Results: The results revealed a significant increase in adaptive motivational structure (P < 0.001) and a significant decrease in maladaptive motivational structure (P = 0.012) in hepatitis B patients following the therapeutic intervention. Conclusions: The study indicated the MiCBT effectiveness in increasing adaptive motivational structure and decreasing maladaptive motivational structure in hepatitis B patients. As a therapeutic approach, MiCBT can make the motivational structure of hepatitis B patients more adaptive.

Management of labor incentives: Monograph

The monograph is devoted to the problem of effective incentives for personnel as one of the most acute in the theory and practice of modern management. The paper considers the main stages of labor incentives , the specifics of personnel management from the standpoint of a motivational approach, suggests ways to assess the quality of incentive systems, analyzes the motivational structure of the employee's personality. The definitions, classifications, typologies and models proposed in the monograph can be used not only for educational and methodological purposes, but also in the direct practice of personnel management. The monograph is addressed to specialists in personnel management, students, graduate students, teachers, as well as everyone who is interested in the field of HR management.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE INDIVIDUAL WORK ON THE STUDENT'S PROFESSIONAL MOTIVATION

Показана структура комплекса заданий для самостоятельной работы, представлены качественные и количественные результаты эксперимента, подчеркнуто, что изменения коснулись социальной и творческой составляющих мотивационной структуры. The structure of the complex of tasks for independent work is shown, qualitative and quantitative results of the experiment are presented, it is emphasized that the changes affected the social and creative components of the motivational structure.

The influence of social factors on the development of the motivational sphere of student youth

The article is devoted to the analysis and empirical study of the most promising developmental tasks of the modern educational environment for the development of new approaches to the organization and psychological support of the development of a person's productive activity. These tasks clearly demonstrate the relationship between the motivational sphere of the individual and the social environment, the effectiveness of the influence of social factors on the development of the individual, the importance of studying their hierarchization according to the degree of influence. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the study of the possibility of a targeted impact through social factors, norms, requirements on the motivational-need sphere of a developing personality will allow to determine to a large extent, the direction of its development. Our research is based on the assumption that the analysis of the motivational profile will allow us to understand how student youth comes to the realization of the need to coordinate the goals, requirements, wishes of the external environment with their own motivation. The aim of the study was to study the influence of the individual's objective attitudes on the structure of professional activity motives. To solve the set tasks, the following methods were used: the motivational profile of S. Ritchie and P. Martin, the test "20 statements". The results obtained by the method of S. Ritchie and P. Martin confirmed our hypothetical assumption, the respondents predominantly chose the objective components of the motivational structure, which were substantively related to the social expectations of the subjects (from society to themselves). The results obtained confirmed the prospects of studying the influence of social factors on the development of the motivational-need-related sphere of the individual. The analysis of social factors makes it possible to study and model the conditions that contribute to the rethinking of the actual situation by the individual and the creation of new meanings of activity that provide for a wider non-utilitarian social context that goes beyond the current situation.

Motivational Structure and the Risk of Professional Dropout in Pre-school Teachers

This empirical study identifies a hierarchy of motivations for choosing a teaching career (in order of intrinsic motivation, motivation by identification, motivation by introjection and extrinsic motivation), investigates the reasons responsible for professional dropout among teachers and their expectations of the education system. In addition, a set of management measures is proposed to increase teachers' motivation.

Experimental research of motivational and reflexive components of students’ reading culture

The purpose is to analyze the state of studying the problem of students' reading culture development using psychological, philological, pedagogical, sociocultural, and communicative approaches and to present the results of diagnostics of the real state of its structural components. Interdisciplinary analysis of psychological, pedagogical, methodical, culturological, and linguistic literature, study of normative documents of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, conceptual and terminological analysis of basic definitions of the research, system analysis, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, and student questionnaires. The authors defined structural components of students’ reading culture. The motivation and reflexive activity were defined as the components of the students' reading culture. To determine the expressiveness of these qualities, we used methodology of determining the level of reflexivity, as well as diagnostics of the motivational structure of personality. The 1st and 3rd year students specializing in Pedagogy and Psychology (5B010300) at the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University (Almaty city) took part in the experiment. The results of the experiment showed that the motivation for reading literature among students is below average. The levels of reflexivity for activities are high. The conducted content analysis of the category of reading culture substantiated its essence.

Motives of Story “Queen of Spades” by Alexan der Pushkin in Novel “Bad Weather” by Alexander Ivanov

The novel by A. Pushkin “The Queen of Spades” and the novel by A. V. Ivanov “Bad weather” from the point of view of literary relationships is examined in the article, the method of intertextual analysis is used. The aim of the study is to identify parallels in the problematic, motivational structure and systems of images of these works. The article analyzes the relationship between the work of A. Ivanov and directly with the text of “The Queen of Spades”, and with the epigraph to it. The results of the research allow us to conclude that the image of bad weather as a background for the development of action connects the Pushkin story and the novel by A. V. Ivanov. It is noted that in both works the theme of the change of epochs is artistically realized, and the past is interpreted as a time much brighter and more meaningful than the present. The studied works are also united by the plot-forming motive of playing with fate, which, in turn, is associated with the theme of passion for money. In addi tion, commonality can be noted in the nature of the characters and the principles of their representation; to a certain extent, the fates and nature of women characters of the works are similar. Comparison with Pushkin's story helps to see deep philosophical problems in A. Ivanov’s novel “Bad Weather”.

PERSONALITY MOTIVATIONAL PROFILE AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTION OF HAPPINESS IN PATIENTS WITH MENTAL DISORDERS

Purpose. Study of the motivational structure of the personality and its relationship with the subjective perception of happiness in patients with mental disorders to determine the mechanisms of their formation.Methods. The complex of research methods included the author’s version of the method of the semantic differential of happiness, designed to diagnose the subjective perception of happiness, the method of the motivational structure of the personality and methods of statistical processing of the obtained data.Results. The article presents the results of the survey 210 patients (70 – with organic mental disorders, 70 – depressive disorders, 70 – neurotic disorders) and 105 healthy (persons without mental disorders) were examined.It was found that patients with PD are characterized by a reduced level of motivation both in aspirations and in real implementation. These tendencies in patients with mental disorders are common in both general life and work situations. Among the structural features of the motivational profile of patients with mental disorders, the predominance of consumption motivation is determined with a less expressive development motivation.The components of the subjective perception of happiness by direct correlations were associated with social activity, motivation for development, comfort, consumption. Inverse correlations connected the categories of subjective perception of happiness and the focus on experiences of the wall type, communication, general and creative activity, motivation for development.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the subjective perception of happiness in patients with mental disorders is conditioned by certain features of the emotional-motivational sphere. The psychotherapeutic effects of certain features allow to correct the nature of the subjective perception of happiness.Key words: subjective perception of happiness, motivational orientation of the personality, emotional profile of the personality, mental disorders, correlations, level of needs, life satisfaction. Мета. Вивчення мотиваційної структури особистості та її зв’язку із суб’єктивним сприйняттям щастя у пацієнтів із психічними розладами для визначення механізмів їх формування.Методи. Комплекс методів дослідження включав авторський варіант методики семантичного диференціалу щастя, призначений для діагностики суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя, методику мотиваційного профілю структури особистості та методи статистичної обробки отриманих даних.Результати. У статті викладені результати обстеження 210 пацієнтів (70 – з органічними психіч-ними розладами, 70 – з депресивними розладами, 70 – з невротичними розладами) та 105 здорових (осіб без психічних розладів).Встановлено, що хворі на психічні розлади характеризуються зниженим рівнем мотивації як у прагненнях, так і в реальній реалізації. Означені тенденції у хворих на психічні розлади є спільними як у загальножиттєвих, так і в робочих ситуаціях. Серед структурних особливостей мотиваційного профілю хворих на психічні розлади визначається превалювання мотивації споживання за менш виразної мотивації розвитку.Складники суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя прямими кореляціями були пов’язані із суспільною активністю, мотивацією розвитку, комфорту, споживання. Зворотні кореляційні зв’язки поєднували категорії суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя та спрямованість на переживання стенічного типу, спілкування, загальну та творчу активність, мотивацію розвитку.Висновки. Отримані дані свідчать про те, що суб’єктивне сприйняття щастя хворих на психічні розлади зумовлене певними особливостями емоційно-мотиваційної сфери. Психотерапевтичні впливи визначених особливостей дозволяють корегувати характер суб’єктивного сприйняття щастя.Ключові слова: суб’єктивне сприйняття щастя, мотиваційна спрямованість особистості, емоційний профіль особистості, психічні розлади, кореляційні зв’язки, рівень потреб, задоволеність життям.

Personal motivational resource as a condition for the development of self-education competence in university students

Introduction. The relevance of the research subject was determined by the present-day higher-education requirements for students’ self-educational competence. One of the conditions for its development is the personal motivational resource which allows the student to actualise and reliably meet his/her need for self-education and self-development. Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the basis of the federal state autonomous institution of higher education North-Caucasus Federal University (N=200) with the use of the following methods: the authors’ questionnaire “Assessing the level of students’ self-education”, “Diagnostics of the personality’s motivational structure” (Milman), “Methodology for exploring the learning motivation” (Lukyanova, Kalinkina), adapted version of “Diagnostics of motivators of a person’s social and psychological activity” (Fetiskin). The study used as well the comparative methods of mathematical statistics (Mann Whitney U test; Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Results. It was revealed that 30% and 29% of students, respectively, demonstrated low and high levels of formed self-education competence. The students with the high level of self-education had a progressive profile of personal motivational structure for the most part (41.4%); a very high level of motivation for learning, development motives and expressed inclination to creative activity (48.3%) testifying to internal motivation and personality-inherent substantiation of learning; the need for success (48.2%) and the tendency towards affiliation (group recognition) (41.4%). The students with the low level of self-education are predominantly characterised by impulsive (26.6%) and regressive (23.3%) profiles of personal motivational structure; moderate and reduced levels of motivation for learning (50%); three groups of motives: achieving success – 30.0%; striving for power – 36.7%; tendency towards affiliation – 33.3%, which evidences the prevailing external motivation for learning. The intergroup differences according to the Mann Whitney U test are statistically significant (p<0.05). The obtained results of the students’ personal motivational characteristics made it possible to identify the areas of content-specific support required for the development of self-education competence in undergraduate students. The experimental control-stage data showed positive dynamics in the development of the students’ self-education competence. A number of statistically significant differences according to the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were identified (p <0.05; p <0.01).