scholarly journals Human – river relations at various stages of development of water front factory settlements in Łódź

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Szkurłat
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Textile Manufacture ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City ◽  
Water Front

Abstract The purpose of this article is to analyze and clarify the circumstances which led to the current condition and degradation of the watercourses and rivers of Łódź. These rivers were the decisive factor in initiating and stimulating the industrial development of the city. A detailed analysis examined changes in the management of river waters in the vicinity of the socalled water-front factory settlements (referred to locally as “posiadła”) in the River Jasień valley. This was the location of one of the first industrial settlements within the city of Łódź and took place shortly after the city was included by the Polish Kingdom authorities (in 1821) in the group of so-called factory cities intended for the development of the textile industry - initially with emphasis on the cloth and linen making industry, with further transformation into the cotton industry. The article presents the forms and methods of use of the River Jasień in the period from the beginning of the 19th century up to the present. The specification assumed therefore the period of agricultural usage in the form of water mills, through textile manufacture, industrial production and the period after the fall of the textile industry. The River Jasień is an outstanding example of the way, in which people have “treated” the river during the successive stages of technological development of textile production. How close to the river they settled at the early stages of industrial development, slowly “moving away” from the river, leading to its gradual degradation, and abandoning it, restraining it to a covered channel, to ultimately forgetting it ever existed. The changes in these man - river relationships, as described in this document, can lead to conclusions for the future direction for the current spatial policy of the city. Also about these riverside post-industrial areas, with regard to the need to restore their original values and the need to protect and conserve their unique natural character and cultural heritage.

Humanitarian and Technological Revolution: Experience and Challenges of Engineering Evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Aleksandr I. Ageev ◽  
◽  
Alexander V. Putilov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Technological Revolution ◽  
Post Industrial

Changing the priorities of economic development in transition to post-industrial society inevitably causes reviewing approaches to the role of innovation in modern economy. If in the era of industrial development of society innovations are considered mainly as a factor of technological development, in case of a post-industrial society innovations should be considered in a broader perspective. Innovative technologies in all their diversity are being introduced not only in the technological sphere, but also in education, in the service industry, housing and communal services, life support sphere, etc. The problem of shifting regions and separate territories to innovative development approaches is one of the key issues in forming an economy based on knowledge. “Nuclear” cities, where development of nuclear technologies is implemented both for defense and civilian purposes (nuclear power plants, nuclear fuel production, etc.), can be ideally used as territories of advanced social and economic development (TASED) primarily thanks to human potential of these cities. The article analyzes recent humanitarian and technological changes, called the “humanitarian technological revolution” (HTR), and their impact on the speed and effectiveness of innovative changes in this area.

scholarly journals TERRITORIAL CLUSTER IN URBAN PLANNING OF RUSSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Y. I. Tarasova ◽  
A. V. Kinsht
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The City

The modern stage of world technological development is characterized by high rates of qualitative and quantitative growth in all branches of production activity. This becomes possible with the introduction of innovations not only directly in the production, but also in all spheres of life, including a search for and solution of new approaches to spatial organization and planning of the territory development. There are special territorial clusters, the organizational structure of which allows to implement the required conditions and rates of development. They are characterized not only by a set of elements for the industrial development, such as the production, science, education and infrastructure, but also close relationships and innovation. This is the only way to ensure the functioning of territorial education and modern industrial development. The uniqueness of each cluster element is determined by the industrial requirements. Nevertheless, their location in the city depends on the urban zoning, facilities and prospective areas. Depending on the spatial organization of the cluster elements, they can be monolithic and dispersed and locate both inside the city and at periphery. In any case, these four types of clusters and their development determine the urban planning. The cluster types reveal not only functional, but also territorial structure. It is this aspect that makes it possible to comprehensively and fully characterize the new territorial formation in the field of urban planning.Purpose: The aim of the paper is to show the specificity of the new territorial formation and identify its planning types that have an impact on urban planning in Russia.Methodology: Analysis of the literature containing information about the cluster (scientific papers, research results, analytical data and reports, regulatory sources, including design guidance).Research findings: Four planning types of the territorial cluster are identified. The planning types of clusters covering all possible options in territorial planning are defined, regardless of their specialization and size.

scholarly journals Factors of post-industrial transformations of urban sociogeosystems (case Kharkiv)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
European Region ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

Research problem introduction. Modern society of highly developed countries, according to some scientists, is at the stage of post-industrial development, the rest are striving to reach this level and are in the process of transformation. The city, as a complex socio-geosystem, which is influenced by a number of external and internal factors, is a dynamic formation, which is characterized by the concepts of development and transformation. For Ukraine, as a part of the European region, the processes of post-industrial transformations are also characteristic. Kharkiv is a typical post-socialist city in the Eastern European region, which seeks post-industrial transformations. The study of post-industrial development factors is an important and relevant step in developing a strategy and planning for urban development, given the uniqueness of each individual city. The study of factors of development of this kind of city, gives the chance of implementation of the received results for implementation at planning of development of other cities. The purpose of this study is to determine the main factors of post-industrial transformation of urban socio-geosystems on the example of Kharkiv. To achieve this purpose, the following research questions were asked: What periods of post-industrial transformation did the city of Kharkiv undergo? What factors and with what force influenced the transformation of the city? Research methods. Multidisciplinary research approach to the study of cities and the peculiarities of their development, functioning and transformation, contributes to the formation of a significant set of interdisciplinary and specifically scientific research methods. Considering the city as a complex socio-geosystem, characterized by a significant set of development indicators, the most effective methods for determining specific factors of its transformation are mathematical and statistical methods, including cluster and factor analysis. Results, Scientific novelty, Practical significance. Cluster analysis, as a grouping tool, allowed to streamline the indicators of socio-economic and spatial development of the city for the study period, and to establish three main stages of post-industrial transition: a period of development at the expense of residual resources (1991-1997); a period of crisis, the beginning of post-industrial transformations, the most striking manifestation of which is the process of deindustrialization (1998-2010); a period of gradual recovery from the economic crisis, the economic situation in the city is stabilizing, some industries are being modernized, activization post-industrial processes like gentrification, revitalization, neo-industrialization, tertialization (2011-2019). Factor analysis allowed to identife three main factors groups transformation of Kharkiv from industrial to post-industrial stages (1991-2019): 1) the structure of labor resources, their social protection and the most important sectors of the tertiary, quaternary and fifth sectors of the economy; 2) demographic development of the city; 3) age structure of the population and the main indicators of economic development. During the period of Ukraine's independence in Kharkiv, as in most powerful industrial cities of the country, transformations of all spheres of their functioning took place. In the period of post-industrial transformations, the combination and interconnection of the triad of these factors is constantly changing, changing the internal structure of the urban socio-geosystem and its appearance. At the same time, the composition and structure of the city's population, the structure of the economy and methods of production are transformed, the sphere of social security of the population and the non-productive sphere comes to the fore, the interaction of the population with the city is transformed. Determining the periods of Kharkiv development and the main factors of influence is an important step for creating and substantiating a comprehensive description of the city in the period of post-industrial transformations, identifying problems and prospects for further development of the city.

scholarly journals Methodological levels of research the post-industrial development of the city

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

Since the middle of the twentieth century, most countries of the world are in a phase of significant socio-economic transformations. The main vector of these transformations is the transition to the post-industrial stage of development, which was predicted by a number of scientists from many industries at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There is a logical relationship between the level and stage of development of the country. So the highly developed countries of the world are already in the phase of post-industrial development. For countries with a low level of development and a powerful and complex industrial past, such as the post-Soviet and post-socialist countries of Eastern Europe, the transition to post-industrial development, the so-called post-industrial transformations, is characteristic. A detailed study of these processes makes it possible to predict the possible paths of developed countries and individual territories. The city, as the main agent for transforming the territory, plays a major role in the country's transition to the post-industrial level of development. This article is devoted to the methodological features of studying the features of post-industrial urban development. In contemporary human geography, there is an active discourse on the issue of methodological support for research, which mainly focuses on the feasibility of applying qualitative and quantitative methods and the possibilities of their interdisciplinary application. However, in our opinion, the more complex the object of study, the wider and more directional should be the methodological apparatus of research. In this case, one should take into account the territorial aspect of this study and select methods solely for their effectiveness in achieving their goals. The author proposes to classify research methods of the features of the post-industrial development of the city according to hierarchical levels of influence of the city: global, regional and local levels. Also, this paper offers a generalized algorithm of socio-geographical study of features of post-industrial urban development, which presents the main stages of the study and proposes the most common methods of study.

scholarly journals Perception of Changes in the Urban Environment: Imaginary Spectra of Post-Industrial Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Kseniia K. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Extreme Points ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

Russian cities are in constant flux, i.e. both their material embodiment and social relations are changing. This article attempts to analyze the process of perception of the ongoing changes by the example of Novosibirsk. The information base of the study is the data obtained from a telephone survey of the residents of the Novosibirsk region designed to show a picture of the perceived changes in the urban environment in quantitative categories, and the data from semi-formalized interviews with the city residents conducted to reveal the meanings put into this picture. Dichotomies – extreme points of imaginary spectra describing the process of perception – are used as an analytical tool of the study. As a result, the paper describes the dichotomies “center – periphery”, “homogeneity – individuality” as well as related trends, i.e. rhetoric of “growth” of the left bank of Novosibirsk, distribution of networks, the role of shopping centers in public space, privatization and deindustrialization

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Applications of Nanotechnology for Textile Products: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Nemailal Tarafder
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Future Success ◽  
The Future ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Textile Products

The fundamentals of nanotechnology lie in the fact that the properties of materials drastically change when their dimensions are reduced to nanometer scale. Nanotextiles can be produced by a variety of methods. The use of nanotechnology in the textile industry has increased rapidly due to its unique and valuable properties. Changed or improved properties with nanotechnology can provide new or enhanced functionalities. Nanotechnology is a growing interdisciplinary technology and seen as a new industrial revolution. The future success of nanotechnology in textile applications lies in the areas where new principles will be combined into durable and multi-functional textile systems without compromising the inherent properties. The advances in nanotechnology have created enormous opportunities and challenges for the textile industry, including the cotton industry.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aled Davies
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
Conservative Government ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post War ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

This book is a study of the political economy of Britain’s chief financial centre, the City of London, in the two decades prior to the election of Margaret Thatcher’s first Conservative government in 1979. The primary purpose of the book is to evaluate the relationship between the financial sector based in the City, and the economic strategy of social democracy in post-war Britain. In particular, it focuses on how the financial system related to the social democratic pursuit of national industrial development and modernization, and on how the norms of social democratic economic policy were challenged by a variety of fundamental changes to the City that took place during the period....

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