scholarly journals Early Bilingual Education and Content and Language Integrated Learning Assessment in Primary Education: Assessment Beliefs, Knowledge and Practice in Portuguese State and Private Schools

e-TEALS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-39
Author(s):  
Ana Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Learning Assessment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Bilingual Schools ◽  
Assessment Beliefs ◽  
Early Primary

AbstractEducational provisions, such as Early Bilingual Education (EBE) and Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), where curriculum content is learnt, taught and assessed through the means of an additional language, are not yet widespread in general primary and secondary education in Portugal. Knowing how to assess in such provisions, which have a dual focus on the mastering of language proficiency and content knowledge and skills, can be intricate. The first step towards building a rationale for soundly assessing language and content at early primary level in Portuguese schools needs to first understand how teachers working in EBE and CLIL education settings view assessment and what they do with it in the classroom. This article analyses the research findings of a small scale national research study conducted in Portugal in 2013/2014 on EBE and CLIL assessment beliefs, knowledge and practice on the part of teachers working in a national pilot on early bilingual education – the Bilingual Schools Project teachers (BSPT) and teachers working in similar provisions in private schools – the Non-Bilingual Schools Project teachers (NBSPT).

scholarly journals Language in CLIL settings: research overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1(14)/2020) ◽  
pp. 223-235
Author(s):  
Beata Nawrot-Lis
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Language System ◽  
Content Acquisition ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Education Effects ◽  
Language Areas

This article presents an overview of the literature relating to the effects of the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach on the process of language and content acquisition. The overview is divided into five sections and the effects of CLIL on the students’ language system is described according to four language skills (reading, writing, speaking and listening, vocabulary and grammar). It is stated that while CLIL leads to a general improvement in relation to language proficiency, there are also some observations proving that certain language areas (e.g. syntax, pragmatics) are unaffected. Keywords: CLIL, bilingual education, effects, students, language skills

scholarly journals Speaking Tamil Language is Prohibited for Primary Children by Bilingual Private Schools at the School Premises in Tamil Region in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Vanmathy Remoshan
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Albert Einstein ◽  
Bilingual Schools ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Primary Section

This study presents an overview of the students those who study in the medium of English Language at the private bilingual schools about the prohibition of Tamil Language even though they live in the Tamil Region as a native speaker of Tamil Language. The bilingual children of primary section who have become dominant in English Language learning by the private bilingual schools. On the other hand speaking their mother tongue Tamil is highly prohibited at the schools premises in Tamil Region. The study identifies the term “Bilingual Education” and why speaking of Tamil Language is restricted for the Tamil native children. If there is a student in the bilingual education, he/she can study his/her whole subjects in English Language, at the same time there is no any necessities to stop talking Tamil language at the school premises. So while learning or studying in the medium of English, the student can speak in Tamil language. At last according to the quote of Albert Einstein “Education is not the learning of facts, but the training of the mind to think.” But unfortunately nowadays it is changed by these bilingual private schools in Tamil Region. Our children really suffer by the domination of their second language instead of using their mother tongue Tamil.

scholarly journals The Challenges and Opportunities of Using Mobile Devices to Attain Māori Language Proficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tabitha Gaylyn Kura McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Face To Face Instruction

<p>What are the effects of using mobile devices as part of teacher professional development focused on teaching and learning the Māori language for Māori immersion educational settings? Answers to this question are explored by researching the extent to which electronic devices could be an effective strategy to address the crisis of the continuing decline of the Māori language. Another issue explored in the research is whether learners make expected gains in language proficiency through the use of mobile devices in comparison to standard face-to-face methods of language instruction.  An indigenous framework, Hei Korowai, was used to guide the research and ensure the practices used were culturally appropriate, particularly when entering into and negotiating the research project with participants. Kaupapa Māori and Māori centred approaches were also drawn on to gather data from semi-structured interviews, observations of mobile device use, online questionnaires, and Māori language proficiency tests results. Fifty two participants in total took part in the research, 46 from a PLD programme that used mobile devices and 6 from a separate PLD programme that used mainly face-to-face instruction.  Electronic forms of second language acquisition could be advantageous for learners to access audio and video content on the move and at a time, pace and place convenient for them. The capacity to have literally a library’s worth of resources, functions and internet connectivity all in one tool and at the touch of a button could also be of particular significance to users. Conversely, participant attitudes about technology, varied needs for initial and on-going training in how to operate the electronic devices, and interaction preferences were challenges experienced with utilising the device as part of the language learning and teaching process. Videos viewed on the device could also be seen as one-way learning with a lack of spiritual connection and no opportunities for discussion about content, potentially causing road blocks for learners who need extra support.  Face-to-face instruction was a preferred method for participants and the physical presence of the teacher highly valued to allow the space to pose and answer questions and receive an immediate response, which is not possible when learning via videos on a mobile device. However, there was acknowledgement of the complementary nature and value of utilising the mobile device followed by face-to-face meetings.  Evidence suggests that Māori have been quick to adopt and adapt new technologies since the arrival of the early settlers to the shores of Aotearoa. Could technology be the panacea, the cure-all for the revitalisation of the Māori language, a tool that provides access to language, culture and identity to the multitudes? This research tests the hypotheses in the context of two items of modern technology, the iPod Touch® and the iPad®.  The limitations of the research include potential bias in interpretation given the researcher’s insider position, the relatively small scale of the project, and the absence of a widely accepted theoretical framework for mobile learning. Critical questions that still remain are the implications of promoting ‘one Māori language’ for a large-scale programme and the risks in doing so for the preservation of tribal dialect and community identity. This study has, however, begun the conversation about the use of mobile devices in Māori medium educational settings, and it may contribute to an understanding of how to design technologies, media, and interactions to support learning within these settings towards innovative practices.</p>

scholarly journals Making Progress in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Lessons: An Indonesian Tertiary Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 00111
Author(s):  
Novriani Rabeka Manafe
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Focus Group Interview ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Method Approach

This paper outlines an attempt to discover students’ progress in both content and language skill in a content and language integrated learning (CLIL) lessons at an Indonesia’s higher education context. This is a part of a research conducted at Faculty of Science and Technology of Nusa Cendana University in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This study employs mixed method approach with 20 participants attending by taking pre-test and post-test as well as joining a focus group interview particularly for 6 students. The tests were aimed at measuring the participants’ comprehension of English as the language of CLIL lesson. They were also used as the tool to evaluate students’ mastery of Mathematics as the content subject. Based on the post-test results, the findings showed that more students made significant progress in content subject in comparison to their achievement in language proficiency. Regarding the interview, the students admitted that their failure to made progress in both subjects were mainly caused by their inadequate level of English. This, therefore, led to rising anxiety among the students to complete the tests.

scholarly journals Bilingual education/bilingualism

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-157
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Heritage Language ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Language And Education

03—360 Adegbite, Wale (U. Ile-Ife Nigeria). Sequential bilingualism and the teaching of language skills to early primary school pupils in Nigeria. Glottodidactica (Poznán, Poland), 28 (2002), 5—17.03—361 Bennett-Kastor, Tina (Wichita State U., USA; Email: [email protected]). The ‘frog story’ narratives of Irish-English bilinguals. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition (Cambridge, UK), 5, 2 (2002), 131—46.03—362 Driessen, Geert, van der Slik, Frans and De Bot, Kees (U. of Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Email: [email protected]). Home language and language proficiency: A large-scale longitudinal study in Dutch primary schools. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development (Clevedon, UK), 23, 3 (2002), 175—94.03—363 Gérin-Lajoie, Diane (Ontario Inst. for Studies in Ed., U. of Toronto, Canada). L'approche ethnographique comme méthodologie de recherche dans l'examen du processus de construction identitaire. [Ethnographic approaches to research in examining the process of identity construction.] The Canadian Modern Language Review/La Revue canadienne des langues vivantes (Toronto, Ont.), 59, 1 (2002), 77—96.03—364 Haritos, Calliope (Hunter Coll. School of Ed., New York, USA; Email: [email protected]). A developmental examination of memory strategies in bilingual six, eight and ten year olds. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism (Clevedon, UK), 5, 4 (2002), 197—220.03—365 Lambson, Dawn (1270 E. Campus Dr., Tempe, Arizona, USA; Email: [email protected]). The availability of Spanish heritage language materials in public and school libraries. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism (Clevedon, UK), 5, 4 (2002), 233—43.03—366 Lee, Jin Sook (Rutgers U., New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Email: [email protected]). The Korean language in America: The role of cultural identity in heritage language learning. Language, Culture and Curriculum (Clevedon, UK), 15, 2 (2002), 117—33.03—367 Oh, Maria K. and Kukanauza, Jurate (State U. of New York at Buffalo, USA; Email: [email protected]). Bilingualism and biculturalism: A constructively marginalized new person between worlds. English Teaching (Korea), 57, 3 (2002), 101—23.03—368 Priven, Dmitri (Polycultural Immigrant & Community Services & Seneca Coll., Toronto, Canada; Email: [email protected]). The vanishing pronoun: A case study of language attrition in Russian. Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics (Ottawa, Canada), 5, 1/2 (2002), 131—44.03—369 Schelletter, Christina (U. of Hertfordshire, UK; Email: [email protected]). The effect of form similarity on bilingual children's lexical development. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition (Cambridge, UK), 5, 2 (2002), 93—107.03—370 Shin, Sarah J. (U. of Maryland, USA; Email: [email protected]). Differentiating language contact phenomena: Evidence from Korean-English bilingual children. Applied Psycholinguistics (Cambridge, UK), 23, 3 (2002), 337—60.03—371 Spada, Nina (Ontario Inst. for Studies in Ed., U. of Toronto, Canada; Email: [email protected]) and Lightbown, Patsy M.. L1 and L2 in the education of Inuit children in Northern Quebec: Abilities and perceptions. Language and Education (Clevedon, UK), 16, 3 (2002), 212—40.03—372 Young, Catherine (PO Box 2270 CPO, 1099 Manila, Philippines; Email: [email protected]). First language first: Literacy education for the future in a multilingual Philippine society. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism (Clevedon, UK), 5, 4 (2002), 221—32.

An Empirical Study of Reading Habits and Interests of Saudi University EFL Learners

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussam Rajab ◽  
Alhasan Al-Sadi
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
English Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Reading Habits ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Academic Reading ◽  
Preparatory Year ◽  
The University ◽  
L1 And L2

<p align="left">This small-scale, quantitative study investigated the reading habits and interests of Saudi English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) students at a university-level preparatory year program (PYP). The study aimed to identify certain habits and preferences of EFL learners with regard to various personal practices of the reading process in first language (L1) as well as in second language (L2). The study utilized a custom-designed, 10-item questionnaire on a Likert scale format in order to gain more insights into the manners with which students may or may not approach reading. The participants were newly-registered, male and female students (<em>n=330</em>) on the university PYP course with mixed English Language proficiency. Analysis of the data collected using descriptive statistical tools indicated several issues relating to the reading habits in general, including students’ lack of interest as well as lack of motivation towards ‘academic reading’ in both L1 and L2. However, the analysis revealed a greater level of engagement in reading in social media contexts. The study has several implications for future research and pedagogy in EFL reading as well as implications for the EFL classroom. </p>

Spreekvaardigheidstoetsing

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
L.J.A. Nienhuis
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Oral Production ◽  
Speaking Proficiency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speaking Skill

At higher levels of second language proficiency, the speaking skill is frequently measured in interviews, but the use of guided tests and group discussions is common too and can improve efficiency. Guided test and discussion create rather different speech situations and might well elicitate dissimilar kinds of oral production: the informal setting of group discussion is certainly less 'anxiety-provoking' and elicitates more natural speech, but it may lead to the use of elementary and unmonitored, minimally correct speech. In this article we report on a small-scale empirical investigation intended to lay bare differences between the language used in a guided test and in a group discussion at the level of 1st year university students of French. Although the discussion subject was defined in such a way that it would enable students to discuss a rather wide range of aspects, even superficial analysis of guided test and discussion subject suggested the first to be more content valid: this quality manifested itself in the higher proportion of different words used in the guided test answers. In other respects, there were no systematic differences between test and discussion: proportions of unique words and of less frequent words, in relation to the number of different words, were nearly the same in the two kinds of speech production. Contrary to intuitive expectation, the number of lexical and grammatical errors was greater in test production (i.e. in the formal setting) than in discussion, the guided test being perhaps a more demanding task, but the possible conclusion that the overall quality of second language use was less good in the guided test was not supported by other findings: mean scores of the three raters did not show systematic differences between test and discussion. Correlations between test scores and discussion scores were about .77, suggesting that as tests of speaking proficiency when the criterion is correctness, guided test and discussion are not as different as they may seem. The main difference between the two is in rater reliability: interrater correlations for the test were about .82; for the discussion the mean of three correlations was .52, but two of them approximated .60. One of the problems of rating discussions may be the rather unequal participation of the members of the group. The quality of discussion as a speaking proficiency test can, in our opinion, be improved by defining its subject in such a way that the aspects discussed will be sufficiently diverse and by training or instructing students: they should all participate actively and pay attention to regular turn-taking.

scholarly journals Challenges in the Implementation of CLIL in Higher Education: From ESP to CLIL in the Tourism Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melita Vega ◽  
Maria Moscoso
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cognitive Demand ◽  
English For Specific Purposes ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Language Level ◽  
Group Control ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Participants

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has often been touted as an effective means of enhancing the language proficiency gains among its learners due to its focus on content over form and higher cognitive demand. However, cautions have been raised regarding the varying conditions and contexts that need to be taken into consideration in order to ensure its effectiveness. This study aimed to analyze the outcome of switching from an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program to a CLIL program in the fourth and fifth semesters of the School of Tourism at the University of Azuay. Study participants were randomly divided into two groups: a CLIL (experimental) and a non-CLIL group (control), where the former received CLIL instruction and the latter received ESP instruction for an average of five hours per week over a period of two consecutive semesters. The findings revealed no significant increases in language proficiency or differences in achievement between the two groups, thus suggesting that the starting language level of learners influenced the results of the CLIL program.

scholarly journals Language testing

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Keyword(s):  
Bilingual Education ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Code Theory ◽  
Oral Language Proficiency ◽  
Research Journal ◽  
Class Placement ◽  
Learning Focused

07–72Macken-Horarik, Mary (U Canberra, Australia), Recognizing and realizing ‘what counts’ in examination English: Perspectives from systemic functional linguistics and code theory. Functions of Language (John Benjamins) 13.1 (2006), 1–35.07–73Myklebust, Jon Olav (Volda U College, Norway; [email protected]), Class placement and competence attainment among students with special educational needs. British Journal of Special Education (Blackwell) 33.2 (2006), 76–81.07–74Pray, Lisa (Utah State U, USA), How well do commonly used language instruments measure English oral-language proficiency?Bilingual Research Journal (National Association for Bilingual Education) 29.2 (2005), 387–408.07–75Rea-Dickins, Pauline (U Bristol, UK; [email protected]), Currents and eddies in the discourse of assessment: A learning-focused interpretation. International Journal of Applied Linguistics (Blackwell) 16.2 (2006), 163–188.

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