scholarly journals Foliage biomass qualitative indices of selected forest forming tree species in Ukrainian Steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Svitlana Sytnyk ◽  
Viktoriia Lovynska ◽  
Ivan Lakyda
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractOur study objective was research on the assimilation component of aboveground biomass of trees and its correlation with mensurational indices of trees (age, diameter and height) in stands of the main forest forming species in the Ukrainian Northern Steppe zone - Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) and Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Black locust). The research was carried out in forest stands subordinated to the State Agency of Forest Resources of Ukraine. We used experimental data collected on sample plots established during years 2014-2016. The main research results prove that the foliage share in the tree greenery biomass structure had a wide range of values. For both investigated species, a positive correlation was found between the dry matter content in the tree foliage and the tree age, height and diameter. The foliage share in tree greenery biomass decreased with increasing mensurational index values. Correlation analysis revealed linear relationships between the mensurational indices and the discussed aboveground live biomass parameters. The closest correlation was observed between the stand age, mean stand diameter, mean stand height and dry matter content in the foliage.

scholarly journals Variability of Different Yield Contributing Parameters and Yield of Some Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Accessions

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
AKM Ashraful Alam ◽  
Md Mokbul Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Genotypic Coefficient Of Variation

In order to assess the variability of yield contributing characters of 50 okra accessions and their interrelation effects on the yield of green pod a field experiment was undertaken at the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from February, 2002 to May, 2002. A wide range of variation was observed in case of weight of green pod per plant (105- 281g), days to first flowering (40-52days) and weight of individual green pod (14-26g). Moderate variation for length of green pod (12-19cm), number of green pods per plant (6-11) and yield of green pod (4-13 t/ha), lesser variation for percent of dry matter content (5-8%), number of ridges per green pod (5-9) and diameter of green pod (1-2cm) was observed. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation was observed in case of yield of green pod (GCV= 23.22%) followed by weight of green pod per plant (22.24%), weight of individual green pod (18.68%), number of ridges per green pod (13.49%), number of green pod per plant (10.84%), dry matter content of green pod (10.48%), diameter of green pod (6.90%) and length of green pod (6.24%). These characters suggested the existence of justifiable genetic distance among different cultivars. Correlation coefficient indicated that yield of green pod had highly significant positive association with weight of green pod per plant and weight of individual green pod. Path coefficient analysis showed that the weight of green pod per plant and weight of individual green pod were directly contributed towards the yield of green pod. Key words: Okra, accession, variability, yield.

scholarly journals Kinetic patterns and optimization of the process of concentration by freezing the blood of cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
S. T. Antipov ◽  
V. Yu. Ovsyannikov ◽  
A. A. Korchinskij
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Heat Exchange Surface ◽  
Exchange Surface

The urgency of the use of blood components as a raw material for the production of products from it that contribute to the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency states is beyond doubt. In addition, protein compounds in the blood of cattle have a high digestibility of the human body, and the complex of essential amino acids determines its attractiveness as an additive in the development of a wide range of meat products. The only possible way at present to thicken thermo labile blood compounds is cryoconcentration, carried out in a temperature range close to the cryoscopy temperature. The kinetic features of cryoconcentration of cattle blood were investigated on an experimental apparatus of cyclic action. It is shown that the conditions of cryoconcentration are determined by the boiling point of the refrigerant in the evaporator of the installation, the flow rate of the original blood washing the heat exchange surface and the content of soluble compounds in the initial liquid. Experimental data are presented in the form of growth curves of frozen ice on the heat exchange surface with an area of 0.2 m2. Using mathematical planning methods, equations are obtained that describe the amount of ice frozen for 1 hour per unit of surface area of the freezing plant, the specific energy input for freezing one kilogram of ice, and the dry matter content of the blood in the solution obtained by melting the frozen ice. The solved problem of optimizing the process of blood cryoconcentration made it possible to find rational intervals for changing the operating parameters of the freezing plant, ensuring the maximum amount of frozen ice, minimal energy costs and minimal content of soluble substances in the solution obtained by melting frozen ice. The suboptimal intervals of the indicated parameters were the following: refrigerant boiling point 256– 260 K, blood consumption (0.20–0.205)·10-3 m3/s, dry matter content 22.5–23.0 %.

The Effect of Dry Matter Content of A Straw/Sugar Beet Pulp Mixture Used As A Buffer Feed When Fed to Dairy Cows at Different Stages of Lactation

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
A Hameleers ◽  
T Bronda ◽  
D J Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Friesian Cows

Buffer feeding is a widely used strategy to improve DM intakes from dairy cows at grass. A very wide range of products have been used as buffer feeds resulting in a wide range of responses. Less well understood are which factors are important in explaining these responses. In this experiment the buffer feed characteristic “dry matter content” and the animal factor “stage of lactation” were used as variables in order to gain a better understanding of responses to buffer feeding.Forty Friesian cows, of which 20 were spring calving and 20 autumn calving were used in a continuous design experiment lasting 5 weeks from 3 May until 7 June 1993. The animals were allocated to four treatments on basis of milk yield, liveweight and stage of lactation. The treatments were grazing only (C), grazing and a buffer feed at 30% DM (B30), 50% DM (B50) and 80% DM (B80) and for each treatment half the cows were spring calving (S) or autumn calving (A). The grazing consisted of a 8 ha field of predominantly perennial ryegrass which was split into 4 equal paddocks which were grazed on a daily rotational basis.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CORNELIAN CHERRY (CORNUS MAS L.) FRUITS IN DEPENDENCE ON DEGREE OF RIPENING AND ECOTYPES

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-262
Author(s):  
Iwona Szot ◽  
Paweł Szot ◽  
Tomasz Lipa ◽  
Bożena Sosnowska ◽  
Bohdan Dobrzański
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Wide Range

Cornelian cherry in Poland belongs to the alternative fruit species. The fruits are suitable for fresh consumption, however they can be used for processing: juice, jams, jellies, syrups, tinctures. Fruits are abundant in mineral elements, vitamin C, organic acids, iridoids, anthocyanins and due to that they have health-promoting significance. In this experiment, the fruit quality of several 16-year-old ecotypes in the Lublin region was compared. They were compared in terms of the beginning of fruit ripening and fruit size (length, diameter, mass), fruit shape index, share of stone in the fruit, SSC, TA, SSC/TA, reducing sugar, dry matter content and anthocyanins content. The color of fruit was evaluated in two dates, visually and using HanterLab spectrophotometer. Cornelian cherry fruits began to mature at the beginning of August and at the latest at the end of August. With the increase of the maturity degree, the SSC, reducing sugars, TA, dry matter and anthocyanins increased significantly. There was no difference in the taste of light red fruits and dark red fruits, which were characterized by similar ratio of SSC/TA. Ecotype No. 11, as the earliest maturing, with big round fruits, dark red colored with the highest content of anthocyanins, could be distinguished. As well as ecotypes No. 4 and 5, ripening in mid-August, and having a high ratio of SSC/TA, providing a good taste. Studied ecotypes could be used in breeding programs to incorporate a wide range of quality and agronomic characteristics into a final cornelian cherry cultivar.

Further studies of the rate of passage of food through the alimentary tract of pigs

1957 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Castle ◽  
M. E. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sigmoid Shape

1. Four replicated experiments were made to determine the rate of passage of meal through the alimentary tract of pigs on different feeding treatments. In each experiment stained meal was used and the results were expressed by means of excretion curves. From these, mean retention times (R values) were calculated. All the curves were of a similar sigmoid shape.2. A significant inverse relationship was found between the mean retention time and the total weight (meal plus water) of the ration. This relationship was found when (a) the weight of meal was constant and the weight of water was varied, (b) the weight of water was constant and the weight of meal was varied, and (c) the total combined weight of meal and water (at the same ratio) was varied.3. The digestibility of the dry matter and crudec protein in Exps. 1–3 was not altered greatly as a result of the different feeding treatments.4. In Exp. 4, similar rates of passage were found in pigs fed on the two rations of widely different digestibilities.5. The dry-matter content of the faeces of the pigs was remarkably constant over a wide range of water and food intakes when using the same meal.

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer applied to seed crops on seed yields and regrowth of progeny tubers in potatoes

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. O'Brien ◽  
E. J. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Seed Yields

SUMMARYThree experiments, carried out in 3 years (1972–5), which examined the effects of a wide range of rates of nitrogen fertilizer applied to seed crops of Home Guard on seed and progeny crop growth are reported. There was little effect of increasing rate of N application over the range 0–300 kg/ha on seed yield, and the results suggested that very low rates of nitrogen fertilizer (< 75 kg/ha) were required for maximum seed yield in mid-Wales. Increasing the rate of nitrogen fertilizer above 304 kg/ha delayed growth and decreased yield in seed crops. Although increasing the rate of nitrogen fertilizer in seed crops delayed senescence and increased the nitrogen concentration of tubers, there were few consistent effects on sprouting or growth of progeny crops.Close negatively quadratic relationships were found between the dry-matter content of tubers and their size. The dry-matter content of all sizes of tubers increased during growth, but there were no effects of nitrogen on dry-matter content.

scholarly journals Proximate nutritional composition and heat-induced changes of starch in selected grains and seeds ♣

2019 ◽  
pp. 718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka Vrancheva ◽  
Loutcian Krystev ◽  
Aneta Popova ◽  
Dasha Mihaylova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Changes

Grains are cultivated worldwide and comprise a big percentage of the world’s daily meals being at the base of the Food Guide Pyramid. Whole grains provide a wide range of nutrients and phytochemicals that optimize health. In the present study commercially available samples of eight grain and seed species (chia, common oat, proso millet, amaranth, quinoa, buckwheat, linseed, and einkorn) were studied in respect of their nutritional composition – dry matter, ash, macro-and microelement content, crude protein and fatty acid composition. The dry matter content in the grains ranged from 87.91% to 94.39%, whereas the ash was from 1.24 % to 3.29 %. The analysis of the mineral content shows the predominant content of K, Mg, P and Ca. The palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and arachidic acid were the most abundant fatty acids of the evaluated ones. The crude protein content varied between 12.73% in common oat and 23.72% in chia. The established ash content among the investigated grains ranged from 1.24% to 3.29%. The results obtained revealed the nutritional content and the potential health effects of selected commercially available grains and pointed out their possible application in culinary. The consumption of a variety of whole grains ensures more health-promoting nutrients, as well as makes meals more attractive. ♣ Abstract has been published in the 3rd International Congress on Food Technology; October 10-12, 2018 Nevşehir/Turkey

scholarly journals HYDROPONIC FODDER: MERITS AND DEMERITS, QUALITY AND EFFICACY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-101
Author(s):  
Владимир Попов ◽  
Vladimir Popov
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Know How ◽  
Fodder Quality ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Wide Range

Hydroponics of fodder production allows to deliver on an industrial basis cultivation of high quality green forage. Merits and demerits of hydroponics are shown. Standardization of the "know-how" and hydroponic fodder quality is necessary to get the forage of preset properties. The basic attention in a review is given to quality indicators to be standardised and namely to organoleptic signs, dry matter content, metabolizable energy, crude protein, non structural carbohydrates. Terms and definitions of «hydroponic fodder» and its separate components are definately designated. On the basis of numerous sources it is established, that a content of the basic nutrients in hydroponic fodders are varying over a wide range: dry matter – from 100 to 400 g in 1 kg of a forage, crude protein — from 76 to 367 g/kg DM, crude fiber – from 168 to 228 g/kg DM, crude fat — from 19 to 76 g/kg DM, crude ash — from 17 to 107 g/kg DM. Such range of concentration of nutrients allows to form a quality gradation. Data of a zootechnical evaluation of hydroponic fodder in rations of various animal kinds are cited.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

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