scholarly journals Changes In Innovation Activity In Regional Industrial System In The Context Of Size Of Enterprises In West Pomeranian Province

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Świadek ◽  
Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Industrial System ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Equity Property ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In transition countries the firms’ size and equity property affect economic processes, including innovation activity in industry. Researche has shown that the key to accelerate economy development is technology transfer from foreign countries. Implementation of new solutions depends on medium and large organizations, rather than on the micro and small ones. Traditional micro and small regional enterprises feature a low level of capacity to take risk. An innovation activity in industry systems grows up over time, but only in small domestic enterprises, and it is similar to their foreign and larger competitors. This paper discusses the problems of size of enterprises and its impact on innovation activity in regional industry systems in West Pomeranian province in the period 2004–2006 and 2009–2011.

К ВОПРОСУ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ФИНАНСОВО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ В СФЕРЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ В РФ: ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ, СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ С ЗАРУБЕЖНЫМИ СТРАНАМИ

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Михаил Геннадьевич Чепрасов ◽  
Юлия Станиславовна Лисачева ◽  
Евгения Дмитриевна Стрельникова
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article discusses the problematic aspects of the financial and legal regulation of innovation activity in the Russian Federation, as well as ways to solve them. A comparative analysis with foreign countries is presented. В данной статье рассмотрены проблемные аспекты финансово-правового регулирования инновационной деятельности в РФ, а также пути их решения. Представлен сравнительный анализ с зарубежными странами.

Text Analysis on Punishment Clauses in Korean Law: Changes in the Number, Level, and Balance of Punishment Clauses Over 30 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Sex Offenses ◽  
Web Crawler ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Legal Code ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract For this study, I completed a comprehensive review of punishment clauses in the Korean Legal Code from 1985 to 2016. Using a web crawler and text analysis, I gathered data on the laws and then identified the content of the penal sentence in each clause. By investigating the data, I was able to quantify and assess changes over time in: (1) the number of punishment clauses; (2) the severity of sentences; and (3) the balance between imprisonment and fines. In order to examine the causes of these changes, I separated the data into different sentence levels and sectors. I found that low-level punishment clauses had grown quickly, and some of the sectors responsible for the change included civil engineering and sex offenses. This comprehensive review of the penal sentences revealed issues of concern related to overcriminalization, overpenalization, and an imbalance of punishment level in the Korean Legal Code.

scholarly journals Assessment of Innovative Activity of Ukrainian Enterprises in the Field of Technology Transfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
M. V. Korneyev ◽  
◽  
A. I. Zhydyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Vertical Transfer ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Technology Platforms ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Enterprise Level

The article aims at clarifying the classification features of the forms and directions of technology transfer, and analyzing empirical data on technology transfer operations in Ukraine. The effectiveness, efficiency and immediacy of technology transfer depend on the choice of its rational forms and directions of technology transfer. The combined form of transfer is considered to be most promising, as it encompasses the advantages of both the vertical and horizontal transfer forms based on the open innovation business model. Ukraine has prerequisites for the implementation of this form of technology transfer, but it is necessary to increase the innovative activity of industrial enterprises and research organizations, and to increase funding for innovation. In the future the authors plan to suggest an organizational and economic mechanism to increase innovation activity at the enterprise level. In 2007-2019 research and development at industrial enterprises (R&D) accounted for about 15% in the total cost of innovation, in average. The lowest share of R&D in total expenditures on innovation was observed in 2011 (7.5%), and the highest share was observed in 2018, comprising 26.3%. The share of costs for vertical transfer is 69.6-89.5%, which is much higher than that for horizontal transfer, which is 10.5-30.4%. The main reason for the decrease in the level of technology transfer at Ukrainian enterprises is the limited funding from the state and the negative investment climate in the country. The share of non-commercial transfers has been lower than 1% since 2012. Combined transfer based on digital technology platforms is virtually absent.

Business and Social Networks in International Trade

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1177-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E Rauch
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
Contract Enforcement ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Over Time

The first two main sections survey the roles of transnational networks in alleviating problems of contract enforcement and providing information about trading opportunities, respectively. The next section covers how domestic networks influence international trade through their impact on domestic market structure. Two overarching questions unify these sections: how do networks affect efficiency, and will networks grow or shrink in importance for international trade over time. The last main sections develop research agendas for two less studied areas: the role of intermediaries who can connect foreign agents to domestic networks and the ability of transnational production networks to facilitate technology transfer.

Innovation and Foreign Technology

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Barbiellini Amidei ◽  
John Cantwell ◽  
Anna Spadavecchia
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Foreign Technology ◽  
International Technology Transfer ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Innovative Capability ◽  
Indigenous Innovation ◽  
Activity Performance ◽  
The Impact

The chapter explores the long-run evolution of Italy's performance in technological innovation as a function of international technology transfer, reconstructing the different phases and dimensions of Italian innovative activity, tracking the transfer of foreign technological knowledge through a number of channels, analyzing the impact of imported technology. The study is based on a newly constructed dataset, over the 1861-2009 period, composed of variables related to innovation activity performance, foreign technology transfer, and domestic absorptive and innovative capability. The analysis highlights, also by econometric assessment, the significant contribution of foreign technology to innovation activity results. Machinery imports and the accumulation of technical human capital contributed positively to innovation activity; inward FDI contributed positively to productivity growth, but not to indigenous innovation activity results. Differences across channels of technology transfer and historical phases emerge, also in connection with the evolution of human capital endowment and domestic innovative capacity.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of tax incentives for innovative activity in the Russian Federation: assessment and calculation

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Irina Alekseevna Korostelkina ◽  
Anastasiya Olegovna Androsova
Keyword(s):  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Tax Incentive ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control

The subject of this research is tax incentive that is a part of the process of innovative activity. Taxation is viewed as a tool for advancement of innovations. The experience of foreign countries demonstrates that government support in the form of funding, tax incentives, government subsidized loans, and creation of essential infrastructure play a big role in modernization processes. Expansion of the practice of implementation of tax incentives for stimulating innovations requires a theoretical comprehension of this process. This article examines the coefficient that characterizes economic effectiveness of tax incentives as correlation of separate indexes of innovation activity of recipients and benefits from tax spending. Assessment is conducted on the effectiveness of tax incentives in accordance with the data on innovation activity and tax revenue from different sectors that are leaders in the innovation sphere. The following conclusions were made: tax mechanism of stimulating innovation activity are not very popular and effective; precision of calculation is significantly affected by the current issues with the information base: complete absence of information with respect to stimulus recipients; the results of analysis demonstrate that the rate of increase of decreasing budget revenue surpasses the rate of growth that characterizes innovation activity of the taxpayer that testifies to the insufficient effectiveness of the provided tax incentives, prompting suggestion of new means for stimulation of tax incentives. The author proposes to amend statistical tax report, highlighting the information on the entire range of existing tax incentives. Consideration and control over rationality of tax incentive mechanisms would allow optimizing the list of tax incentives for innovation activity, as well as expand the list of sectors that use such incentives.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Perception of Users of Social Entertainment Networks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tielle Alexandre ◽  
José Viterbo
Keyword(s):  
User Engagement ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Over Time

In social entertainment networks, comments and user tips are used to support other users in choosing a location from among the available options. Thus, these systems rely on user engagement to aggregate a broad and diverse set of views. A low level of engagement means that tips and comments become outdated over time and are not representative of the current features of the services offered. The objective of this work is to investigate the perception of users of social entertainment networks on the opinions and opinions published and to identify the level of user engagement through the analysis of their interactions. To do this, we used an online questionnaire to capture the perceptions of users about the use of this type of applications.

scholarly journals Legal and Financial Instruments Supporting the Innovation and Technology Transfer

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Danka Moravčíková ◽  
Zuzana Ilková ◽  
Petra Štefeková
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
National Level ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Innovation And Technology

Abstract Issues of innovation and technology transfer are framed by a broad legislation and financial schemes at the European and national level. In context of the strategy Europe 2020 and the initiative Innovation Union, the mutual interconnection between the new knowledge creation and its economic valuation is important for competitiveness of the economy. Innovation systems are characterized by a large scale of different actors and dynamic interactions between them. The intensity of the innovation activity of enterprises is mostly influenced by the level of their legal awareness and by the ability to utilize the innovation mechanisms and opportunities for transfer of knowledge, modern technologies and practices. The paper characterizes selected legal and financial mechanisms and points out the possibilities and problems related to their implementation in economic sphere, particularly in the agrifood sector. At the beginning, the authors describe the key aspects of the innovation policy and technology transfer in the EU and Slovakia. Next parts of the paper are focused on the issue of legal institutes concerning the industrial property and on the financial instruments for the period 2014-2020 emphasizing the innovative ones and possibilities of their combination. In the final part, the authors point out the barriers and possibilities in innovation implementation and in the process of transfer of technologies and knowledge to economic sphere.

scholarly journals Investigating The Benefits of Online Running Groups On The Well-Being of Their Female Running Members

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hughes ◽  
Anne Moorhead
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moderate Range ◽  
Over Time

Abstract BackgroundOnline running communities are becoming increasingly prevalent within social media, and many groups have been exclusively established for female runners. The aim of this study was to investigate the wellbeing benefits and limitations of using Facebook running groups among women. MethodologyThe research design was a quantitative online survey. This survey was completed by 349 adult members of Facebook running groups for women. The online survey consisted of a validated scale, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), to calculate individual wellbeing scores. Data were analysed using SPSS, conducting descriptives, frequencies and correlations tests. ResultsThe results showed that 14% of participants’ scores indicated a high level of wellbeing, 66% had a wellbeing score in the moderate range and 21% of participants scored in the range of low-level wellbeing. Participants specified how they perceived women’s running Facebook groups to benefit or limit areas of wellbeing. Responses indicated perceived benefits to sense of optimism, interest in other people and sense of feeling good about themselves. There were negligible perceived wellbeing limitations. Members who had been running for the longest reported to engage more frequently with the groups, which may suggest their identities as runners have strengthened over time. ConclusionOverall, this study clearly found that women’s running Facebook groups can provide wellbeing benefits for their members.

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