scholarly journals Frequent Immediate Knowledge of Results Enhances the Increase of Throwing Velocity in Overarm Handball Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Štirn ◽  
Jamie Carruthers ◽  
Marko Šibila ◽  
Primož Pori
Keyword(s):  
Relative Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Velocity Change ◽  
Knowledge Of Results ◽  
Ball Size ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractIn the present study, the effect of frequent, immediate, augmented feedback on the increase of throwing velocity was investigated. An increase of throwing velocity of a handball set shot when knowledge of results was provided or not provided during training was compared. Fifty female and seventy-three male physical education students were assigned randomly to the experimental or control group. All participants performed two series of ten set shots with maximal effort twice a week for six weeks. The experimental group received information regarding throwing velocity measured by a radar gun immediately after every shot, whereas the control group did not receive any feedback. Measurements of maximal throwing velocity of an ordinary handball and a heavy ball were performed, before and after the training period and compared. Participants who received feedback on results attained almost a four times greater relative increase of the velocity of the normal ball (size 2) as compared to the same intervention when feedback was not provided (8.1 ± 3.6 vs. 2.7 ± 2.9%). The velocity increases were smaller, but still significant between the groups for throws using the heavy ball (5.1 ± 4.2 and 2.5 ± 5.8 for the experimental and control group, respectively). Apart from the experimental group throwing the normal ball, no differences in velocity change for gender were obtained. The results confirmed that training oriented towards an increase in throwing velocity became significantly more effective when frequent knowledge of results was provided.

scholarly journals The Influence of 24-Hour Sleep Deprivation on the Strength of Lower Limb Muscles in Young and Physically Fit Women and Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2762
Author(s):  
Karolina Kujawa ◽  
Marta Ołpińska-Lischka ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Lower Limb Muscles ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of 24-h sleep deprivation on the muscle strength of young, healthy and physically fit people. The research material consisted of physical education students. In total, 67 people participated in the study, including 38 women and 29 men. Respondents were divided into an experimental group “E” of 44 persons subjected to 24-h sleep deprivation and a control group “C” of 23 persons. Students completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) measuring daytime sleepiness. Students performed measurements of the maximum strength of knee joint extensor and flexor muscles. Measurements of muscle strength of flexors and extensors of the knee were taken on a UPR-02 A/S chair with Moment II by Sumer software. ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to determine the significance of differences between experimental “E” and control “C” group. Statistical significance was defined at the level of p ≤ 0.05. Statistically significant differences were observed in the change of strength levels between groups at the strength moments of right (p < 0.05, η2p = 0.16) and left (p < 0.05, η2p = 0.08) knee muscles extensor. Changes in extensor muscle strength are significant for students with left dominant legs.

OP08 Levels and sources of stress reported by first year paramedic students associated with their first ambulance placement

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. A4.2-A4
Author(s):  
Matthew Warren-James ◽  
Julie Hanson ◽  
Belinda Flanagan ◽  
Mary Katsikitis ◽  
Bill Lord
Keyword(s):  
Death And Dying ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

BackgroundWhilst there is evidence to suggest paramedics experience significant stress when working in the ambulance setting little is known about the experiences of first year paramedic students. This research aimed to: (i) identify whether levels of stress, anxiety and depression experienced by first year paramedic students changed after ambulance placement compared to a control group, and (ii) identify the main perceived and actual sources of stress around ambulance placement.MethodsA before-and-after quasi-experimental design was used to compare whether the experience of ambulance placement altered the levels of stress, anxiety and depression in an experimental group that attended an ambulance placement (n = 20) and the control group who did not (n = 10). Online surveys encompassing the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and qualitative questions about sources of stress were concurrently deployed to both the experimental and control groups before and after the ambulance placement. Participants were first year paramedic students working in Queensland Ambulance Service, Australia.ResultsThere was a significant reduction in levels of stress in participants after undertaking their first ambulance placement (Mdn = -4.00) when compared to a control group (Mdn = 0.00), U = 52.5, p = .035, n2 = 0.15. Responses to survey questions suggest anticipation about experiencing death and dying of patients was the most frequently reported stressor of student paramedics before undertaking ambulance placements, however insecurity about knowledge, competence and fear of failure was the most frequently experienced stressor reported after completing ambulance placements.ConclusionsThe findings from this study suggest that the fear of the unknown may be worse than the reality. Anticipatory stress is the foremost problem for first year paramedic students attending their first ambulance placement. Placement pre-briefing should focus on educational interventions to build knowledge and skills competency to reduce stress levels and fear of failure.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Running Consistency Programme on Footfall Variability and Performance in the Long Jump

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Marcin Starzak ◽  
Hubert Makaruk ◽  
Anna Starzak
Keyword(s):  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Acceleration Phase ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Step Velocity ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Introduction. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a training programme aimed to enhance toe-toboard consistency on footfall variability and performance in the long jump. Material and methods. The study involved 36 male physical education students. The experimental group participated in a 12-week training programme, whereas the control group was limited to taking part in the classes held at university. All participants performed 6 long jump trials during two testing sessions. The kinematic parameters were assessed using the Optojump Next device and were further analysed to determine the variability of footfall placement during the approach run. Results. The analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in footfall variability in the experimental group between the pre-test and post-test. After the completion of the training programme, the participants significantly (p < 0.05) improved their take-off accuracy. Additionally, they significantly (p < 0.05) increased their velocity in the last five steps before take-off and the effective distance of the jump (p < 0.001). Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that through specific training, it is possible to improve the consistency of the steps in the acceleration phase of the approach run in the long jump. Moreover, decreasing footfall variability helps achieve a more stable step pattern which may be beneficial for greater accuracy at the take-off board and makes it possible to increase step velocity at the final stage of the approach run.

Physiological and Psychological Effects of Active-Alert Hypnosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1123-1126
Author(s):  
Hendrik M. DeVos ◽  
Justus R. Potgieter ◽  
Johannes H. Blaauw
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Average Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Experimental Group

10 female physical education students were given posthypnotic suggestions alluding to economy of effort in exercise. These suggestions were affirmed under self-hypnosis over two weeks. Experimental subjects pedalled on an exercise bicycle for 20 min. at 60% of their maximal work capacity while listening to suggestions from a hypnotist. The Control group ( n = 9) showed no differences between mean pretest and posttest scores on physical self-efficacy, trait anxiety, state anxiety, heart rate, blood pressure, and perceived rate of exertion. The average systolic blood pressure of the experimental group was the only positive significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores.

Biomechanical Study of Jump Ability for Aerobics Sports Based on Single Chip Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 484-485 ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Fan
Keyword(s):  
Biomechanical Testing ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Jump Ability ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Competitive Aerobics in jumping ability is a special jumping ability, it not only requires jumping height, also called take-off speed and air attitude. Article put 28 students divided into experimental and control groups for a period of eight weeks of Spring Training. The experimental group used mainly jump and practice, the control group mainly continuous Straddle jump exercises. Before and after the experiment in the experimental group and the control group Calisthenics Bounce indicators and biomechanical testing, in order to reflect the effect of two kinds of training methods. Through experiments show that the use of single-chip technology, using jump and exercise, can improve the level of sports aerobics.

scholarly journals Effect of Music on Salivary Amylase in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Syed Imran ◽  
Moosabba MS ◽  
Alphonsa Ancheril
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amylase Level ◽  
Salivary Amylase ◽  
Chemotherapy Administration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: The diagnosis and the treatment for cancer are significant stressors for the patients. It can affect physical as well as psychological well-being. Variations in salivary amylase indicate physiological responses to the stressful experience during chemotherapy. Music therapy is witnessed to decrease psychosocial distress in the oncology setting. Listening to music can positively benefit neurophysiologic and emotional responses as well as promote relaxation, especially beneficial for cancer patients undergoing painful and anxiety-inducing chemotherapy. It is, therefore nurses, who are so familiar with this environment, not only to be aware of this anxiety-producing process but to cope with it and to alleviate it for the patient as much as possible. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the salivary amylase levels in patients undergoing chemotherapy before and after listening to preferred music. Design: Quasi-experimental repeated measure design. Setting; Experimental and control group were recruited from two oncology units of selected multispecialty hospitals. Participants: Purposive sampling techniques were used to select the study participants. Patients of age group eighteen and above, undergoing first time chemotherapy treatment and the chemotherapy infusion lasts for minimum of 3 hours duration was the inclusion criteria whereas Patients who were unable to listen to music due to hearing problems, those who were with head and neck cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and thyroid problems were excluded from the study. 168 eligible participants were recruited among which 8 were unable to continue. Methods: Saliva was collected from both the study groups before and after the chemotherapy administration. The patient preferred instrumental music intervention was administered for the duration of 3 hours during chemotherapy with the help of mp3 player and musical pillow in the experimental group where the control group had a routine oncology unit care and they were rested on a bed during the chemotherapy administration. The post-tests were done on day 3 and day 5. Results: Significant changes in mean salivary amylase were observed in the experimental group compared to the control group (p˂0.05). Repeated measure ANOVA also showed a significant difference (p˂0.05) in the experimental group at different time points of observation. There was a significant association between the baseline amylase level and stage of cancer in both the experimental and control group (p˂0.05). Conclusion: Music was effective in patients undergoing chemotherapy in terms of reduction in salivary amylase level.

scholarly journals Local Vibration Influence of Anaerobic Capacity in Rowers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Kalvis Ciekurs ◽  
Viesturs Krauksts
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
Rowing Ergometer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Whole body vibration is a worldwide innovation as a part of training method that helps athletes to regain the power and get ready for next training faster. However less attention is paid to local vibration where an isolated muscle or muscle group is stimulated by the use of a vibration device. For the reason to determine the effect of local vibration on anaerobic capacity of rowers, two research groups were assembled from the students of Murjāņi Sport Gymnasium (MSG) during the period of time from November 13, 2010 to March 20, 2011 - the experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). We manage tests with stationary Concept-II ergometer, EMG and goniometry before and after the sessions of local vibrations. After the local vibration sessions for experimental group, the anaerobic test results prove considerable increase on the stationary rowing ergometer Concept - II. As for the control group, there were no considerable increase observed. EMG proves considerable Triceps Brachii muscle activity improvement for the experimental group, yet the activity improvement was not observed for the control group.

scholarly journals Effect of an aged wearing suit on nursing student’s knowledge and attitude

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Mandegari Bamakan ◽  
Khadijeh Nasiriani ◽  
Farzan Madadizadeh ◽  
Fatemeh Keshmiri
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background The knowledge and attitude of health care providers are important and influential factors in providing care services to the elderly and need to be considered during the training course. Simulation in geriatric nursing education can be an opportunity for learners to experience the restrictions of the elderly. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of training through simulation on the attitude and knowledge of nursing students in elderly care. Methods This study was quasi-experimental with two experimental and control groups of pre and post-test, which was conducted on 70 nursing students of the 5th semester (two groups of 35 people). For the experimental group, the elderly simulation suit was worn for two hours, which was designed by the researcher and created sensory, physical, and motor restrictions similar to the elderly for students. Before and after the study, Kogan’s attitudes toward older people scale and Palmore’s “facts on aging quiz” were completed by students. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test and paired t-test using SPSS version 16 software. Results The mean scores of students’ knowledge in the experimental and control groups had no significant difference at the beginning of the study (p < 0.05). But the mean scores of knowledge in the experimental group before and after the intervention was (9.2 ± 2.6) and (15.3 ± 3.5), respectively, and in the control group before and after the intervention was (10.4 ± 2.9) and (11.3 ± 2.6), respectively, which had a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0001). The mean scores of students’ attitudes in the experimental and control groups had no significant difference at the beginning of the study (p < 0.05). The mean scores of attitude in the experimental group before and after the intervention was (114.69 ± 8.4) and (157.31 ± 10.7), respectively and in the control group before and after the intervention was (113.34 ± 13.6) and (108.5 ± 16.6), respectively, which was significantly different (p = 0.0001). Conclusions Based on the findings, the experience of aging restrictions through simulation has improved the knowledge and attitude of nursing students towards the elderly. Nursing education requires the growth of attitudinal skills, individuals’ beliefs, and creating empathy among them, so creating simulation opportunities can assist nursing students in the educational processes.

scholarly journals The effect of long-term whole-body vibration on muscular performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Yossef Haleva ◽  
Ayelet Dunsky ◽  
Yoav Meckel ◽  
Heinz Kleinöder ◽  
Michael Bar-Eli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
External Load ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Intervention Phase ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
And Control

Introduction: The whole-body vibration (WBV) approachis considered to be a unique training method for physicalrehabilitation, injury preventions, and improving physicalperformance in athlete. The scientific literature about WBV iswell documented and presents different vibration protocols,different measurements and, as a consequence - differentresults. Objectives: To explore the effect of a strengtheningprogram with WBV on several muscular strength variablesamong physical education students in comparison to a controlpassive group of students. Methods: Thirty-eight healthymale physical education students were randomly allocatedinto Vibration Group (VG, n=13) - who underwent strengtheningprogram with WBV and external load, and Control Group(CG, n=25), that received no treatment. The study includedpre-test assessments, 4-week intervention phase and post-testassessments. During the intervention phase VG performedthree training sessions per week that included six sets of 30sec squats with external loads on a WBV platform. Assessmentsincluded maximal muscle strength, power, reactivestrength and endurance. Results: Significant improvementswere shown in all components among the VG from pre topost-tests (p<0.001), with no significant change among theCG. Conclusions: A 4-week strengthening program with WBVand medium external load improves different components ofstrength among healthy physical education students.

scholarly journals SETS-based guided experiment book: Empowering science process skills of elementary school students

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinkan Anita Tri Prasasti ◽  
Ivayuni Listiani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Process Skills ◽  
School Students ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Science Process Skills ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

In this 21st–century, students are expected to have current competencies in which one of them is science process skills. The aim of this research was to empower science process skills through the SETS-based guided experiment book. This Posttest Only Control Group Design study involved 50 students of fifth grade which divided into two groups i.e. 25 students as the experimental group and 25 students as the control group. The activities were carried out for three months outside of school. The empowerment of science process skills was measured from the increasing scores before and after the implementation of the SETS Guided Experiment Book. The results showed that there was a significant different between experimental group and control group as the significancy value was 0.01 (sig. < 0.05). This means that the SETS-based guided experiment book can empower Science process skill of elementary school students.

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