Effect of Pulsed Electric Field on Freeze-Drying of Potato Tissue

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wu ◽  
Dongguang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Time

Abstract The influence of pulsed electric field (PEF) on the drying behavior of potato was investigated, and the optimal parameters were determined. Drying experiments were conducted with different PEF pre-treatments. The effects of process parameters of PEF pre-treatment were examined with respect to drying rate, drying time, productivity per unit area, and energy consumption. Results showed that the three parameters investigated were significant in the following sequence: pulse number, electric field strength, and pulse width. The optimal electric field strength, pulse width, and pulse number were 1,500 V cm−1, 120 μs, and 45 pulses, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, productivity per unit area increased by 32.28%, specific energy consumption decreased by 16.59%, drying time was shortened by 31.47%, and drying rate improved by 14.31% compared with the control group.

scholarly journals Pulsed electric field pre-treatment efficiency analysis in processes of biomaterials drying

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Shorstkii ◽  
D. A. Khudyakov
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Pre Treatment

The transition to an efficient economy and efficient production requires building the foundations for the development of energy efficient technologies and the drying of biomaterials to convert them into useful products. The purpose of this work is to analyze the effectiveness of pretreatment with a pulsed electric field (PEF) in the process of convective drying of biomaterials. The PEF was processed with electric field strength of 2, 4 and 6 kV/cm, the number of pulses 500, with a pulse duration of 50 ?s. Based on the electrical conductivity data of the biomaterial, the index of the disintegration 56% was determined before and after the PEF treatment, which confirms the existence of an electroporation mechanism of the material structure. The drying process is presented with a description of various mathematical models. PEF pre-treatment with the parameters of electric field strength 4 and 6 kV / cm and the number of impulses 500 allowed to reduce the drying time by 13.8% for the value E = 0.02. Total time spent on the drying process reduced by 20-25 minutes. It should be noted that the total energy spent on PEF pre-treatment (<150 W / kg) compared with the energy spent on the drying process is incommensurably small. Statistical analysis of the considered mathematical models showed good convergence of most models with experimental data. The considered technology of pretreatment of PEF can ensure the effective processing of biomaterials in the required amount to obtain high-quality and safe products. Obtained data of the kinetics process can be used to the mathematical model of the drying process design with the use of preliminary treatment processing.

scholarly journals Cell Permeabilisation, Microstructure and Quality of Dehydrated Apple Slices Treated with Pulsed Electric Field During Blanching

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash Chauhan ◽  
Shima Shayanfar ◽  
Stefan Topefl
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Cell Permeabilization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Apple Slices ◽  
Microscopic Studies

ABSTRACTEffect of pulsed electric field as a blanching pretreatment on cell permeabilization, microstructure and quality of dehydrated apple slices was studied. Apple slices were pulsed electric field pretreated (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kV/cm using 25 and 75 pulses) at a temperature of 60 and 80°C in water followed by dehydration at 60°C in a cabinet dryer. Cell disintegration index was found to increase significantly (p<0.05) with increase in the electric field strength, number of pulses and blanching temperature and thereby reducing the drying time. The dehydrated slices showed lower hardness and higher lightness (L*) values for the samples treated at higher electric field strength for longer durations. Scanning electron microscopic studies of samples revealed better retention of cellular integrity when pre-treated at a low level of PEF (1.0 kV/cm using 25 pulses) and blanched at low temperature (60°C). However, the samples treated to a level of 1.5 kV/cm and 75 pulses of PEF with subsequent blanching temperature 80°C was found to yield optimum cell permeabilization. The study suggests that PEF can be used as an effective blanching pretreatment for achieve good quality dehydrated apple slices in less drying time. 

Inactivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Suspended in Orange Juice Using High-Intensity Pulsed Electric Fields

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 2596-2602 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO ELEZ-MARTÍNEZ ◽  
JOAN ESCOLÀ-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
ROBERT C. SOLIVA-FORTUNY ◽  
OLGA MARTÍN-BELLOSO
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Bipolar Mode

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is often associated with the spoilage of fruit juices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of high-intensity pulsed electric field (HIPEF) treatment on the survival of S. cerevisiae suspended in orange juice. Commercial heat-sterilized orange juice was inoculated with S. cerevisiae (CECT 1319) (108 CFU/ml) and then treated by HIPEFs. The effects of HIPEF parameters (electric field strength, treatment time, pulse polarity, frequency, and pulse width) were evaluated and compared to those of heat pasteurization (90°C/min). In all of the HIPEF experiments, the temperature was kept below 39°C. S. cerevisiae cell damage induced by HIPEF treatment was observed by electron microscopy. HIPEF treatment was effective for the inactivation of S. cerevisiae in orange juice at pasteurization levels. A maximum inactivation of a 5.1-log (CFU per milliliter) reduction was achieved after exposure of S. cerevisiae to HIPEFs for 1,000 μs (4-μs pulse width) at 35 kV/cm and 200 Hz in bipolar mode. Inactivation increased as both the field strength and treatment time increased. For the same electric field strength and treatment time, inactivation decreased when the frequency and pulse width were increased. Electric pulses applied in the bipolar mode were more effective than those in the monopolar mode for destroying S. cerevisiae. HIPEF processing inactivated S. cerevisiae in orange juice, and the extent of inactivation was similar to that obtained during thermal pasteurization. HIPEF treatments caused membrane damage and had a profound effect on the intra-cellular organization of S. cerevisiae.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS TRANSFER DAN EKSPRESI GEN PhGH PADA IKAN PATIN SIAM (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Raden Roro Sri Pudji Sinarni Dewi ◽  
Alimuddin Alimuddin ◽  
Agus Oman Sudrajat ◽  
Komar Sumantadinata
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Pulse Length ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Pulse Interval ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus

Penggunaan konsentrasi DNA yang tinggi dalam elektroporasi sperma meningkatkan pengikatan DNA eksogen pada sperma, dan meningkatkan persentase ikan yang membawa gen asing. Pada penelitian ini, konstruksi gen pCcBA-PhGH yang mengandung promoter β-aktin ikan mas (pCcBA) dan cDNA hormon pertumbuhan (PhGH) ikan patin siam (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) dibuat dan selanjutnya ditransfer menggunakan metode elektroporasi pada sperma yang berperan sebagai perantara. Elektroporasi dilakukan dengan tipe kejutan square wave dengan panjang kejutan (pulse length) 30 milidetik, interval kejutan (pulse interval) 0,1 detik, kuat medan listrik (electric field strength) 125 V/cm, dan jumlah kejutan (pulse number) 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberhasilan transfer gen PhGH eksogen pada ikan patin siam meningkat dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi DNA yang digunakan. Persentase ikan yang membawa gen asing pada konsentrasi DNA 10 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, dan 90 μg/mL, secara berturut-turut adalah 28,57%; 78,57%; dan 85,71%. Bobot ratarata yuwana ikan patin siam transgenik F0 umur 2 bulan yang dihasilkan menggunakan konsentrasi DNA 50 μg/mL dan 90 μg/mL adalah 22,6% dan 19,0% lebih berat dibandingkan non-transgenik, tetapi pada konsentrasi 10 μg/mL lebih rendah (-8.45%). Populasi yuwana ikan patin siam berumur 4 bulan yang diintroduksi gen asing dengan konsentrasi 90 μg/mL memiliki bobot rataan 53,38% lebih berat dibandingkan kontrol non-transgenik. Dengan menggunakan metode RT-PCR, ekspresi gen PhGH terdeteksi pada sirip ikan transgenik, sedangkan pada ikan non-transgenik tidak terdeteksi. Dengandemikian, elektroporasi sperma menggunakan konsentrasi DNA 90 μg/mL efektif meningkatkan keberhasilan transfer gen, dan over-ekspresi gen PhGH eksogen meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan patin siam.

scholarly journals Optimization of Pulsed Electric Field as Standalone “Green” Extraction Procedure for the Recovery of High Value-Added Compounds from Fresh Olive Leaves

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Vasileios M. Pappas ◽  
Achillia Lakka ◽  
Dimitrios Palaiogiannis ◽  
Vassilis Athanasiadis ◽  
Eleni Bozinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Extraction Chamber

Olive leaves (OLL) are reported as a source of valuable antioxidants and as an agricultural by-product/waste. Thus, a twofold objective with multi-level cost and environmental benefits arises for a “green” standalone extraction technology. This study evaluates the OLL waste valorization through maximizing OLL extracts polyphenol concentration utilizing an emerging “green” non-thermal technology, Pulsed Electric Field (PEF). It also provides further insight into the PEF assistance span for static solid-liquid extraction of OLL by choosing and fine-tuning important PEF parameters such as the extraction chamber geometry, electric field strength, pulse duration, pulse period (and frequency), and extraction duration. The produced extracts were evaluated via comparison amongst them and against extracts obtained without the application of PEF. The Folin-Ciocalteu method, high-performance liquid chromatography, and differential scanning calorimetry were used to determine the extraction efficiency. The optimal PEF contribution on the total polyphenols extractability (38% increase with a 117% increase for specific metabolites) was presented for rectangular extraction chamber, 25% v/v ethanol:water solvent, pulse duration (tpulse) 2 μs, electric field strength (E) 0.85 kV cm−1, 100 μs period (Τ), and 15 min extraction duration (textraction), ascertaining a significant dependence of PEF assisting extraction performance to the parameters chosen.

scholarly journals Electric Volume Resistivity for Biopolyimide Using 4,4′-Diamino-α-truxillic acid and 1,2,3,4-Cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Kato ◽  
Fitri Adila Amat Yusof ◽  
Toyohiro Harimoto ◽  
Kenji Takada ◽  
Tatsuo Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Dimethyl Ester ◽  
Volume Resistivity ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Truxillic Acid

Biopolyimides poly(ATA-CBDA), made from of 4,4′-diamino-α-truxillic acid dimethyl ester (ATA) and 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride (CBDA), is synthesized and measured its electric volume resistivity at various experimental conditions. The effects of film size, thickness, drying time, and the electric field strength on electric resistivity are investigated and compared with polyimide (Kapton). The electric resistivity for all polyimide and biopolyimide are distributed in the range of 1015–1016 Ωcm, which shows that biopolyimide has high electrical insulation as well as polyimide. The electric resistivity strongly depends on film thickness, which suggests that electric resistivity is a function of electric field strength. The critical electric field for polyimide and biopolyimide films are determined to be 5.8 × 107 V/m and 3.2 × 107 V/m, respectively. Humidity was found to strongly affect the electric resistivity; ~1016 Ωcm at 34% RH and ~1013 Ωcm at 60% RH for both polyimide and biopolyimide films.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF A PULSED ELECTRIC FIELD IN THE PROCESSING OF INSECT BIOMASS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.А. ШОРСТКИЙ ◽  
О.С. ПАРНЯКОВ ◽  
С.Н. СМЕТАНА
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Insect Biomass

Поиск альтернативных источников белка (микроводоросли, биомасса насекомых) создает необходимость разработки новых перерабатывающих технологий или адаптации существующих с учетом сохранения ценных компонентов сырья. Рассмотрено применение импульсного электрического поля (ИЭП) для обработки биомассы личинок мухи черная львинка (Hermetia Illucens) с последующей конвертацией в пищевые ингредиенты. Исследовали выживаемость личинок насекомых при применении ИЭП, а также определяли эффективность его воздействия как этапа предварительной обработки биомассы насекомых на выход ценных компонентов сырья – белка и жира в составе жмыха, масла и содержащихся в нем жирных кислот и аминокислот. Обработку ИЭП осуществляли с помощью положительных прямоугольных импульсов при напряженности электрического поля 2 и 3 кВ/см и затрачиваемой удельной энергией 5, 10 и 20 кДж/кг на промышленной установке PEF-Cellcrack II Elea (Германия). Масло извлекали горячим прессованием. Показано, что при величине напряженности электрического поля 3 кВ/см и затрачиваемой удельной энергии 5 кДж/кг все насекомые теряют жизнеспособность; их ткани после обработки ИЭП становятся более рыхлыми. Установлено, что применение ИЭП не изменяет качественного состава компонентов полученного масла. Изменение параметров ИЭП при обработке образцов биомассы насекомых существенно не влияет на процесс извлечения масла и содержание жирных кислот и аминокислот в нем. Предварительная обработка биомассы насекомых способствует увеличению выхода масла на 2,5%, аминокислот на 5,7% по сравнению с контрольным образцом без обработки ИЭП. Результаты исследования позволяют рекомендовать применение ИЭП в качестве этапа подготовки биомассы насекомых перед дальнейшей переработкой. The search for alternative sources of protein (microalgae, insect biomass) creates the need to develop new processing technologies or adapt existing ones, taking into account the preservation of valuable raw materials. The use of a pulsed electric field (PEF) for processing the biomass of the larvae of the black lion fly (Hermetia Illucens) with subsequent conversion into food ingredients is considered. We studied the survival of insect larvae when using PEF, and also determined the effectiveness of its effect as a stage of pretreatment of insect biomass on the yield of valuable raw material components – protein and fat in the composition of cake, oil and the fatty acids and amino acids contained in it. Treatment with pulsed electric fields was carried out using positive rectangular pulses at electric field strength of 2 and 3 kV/cm and expended specific energy of 5, 10 and 20 kJ/kg at the PEF-Cellcrack II industrial unit (Elea, Germany). The oil was extracted by hot pressing. It is shown that when the electric field strength is 3 kV/cm and the specific energy consumed is 5 kJ/kg, all insects lose their viability; their tissues become looser after PEF treatment. It is established that the use of PEF does not change the qualitative composition of the components of the resulting oil. Changes in the PEF processing parameters of insect biomass samples do not significantly affect the oil extraction process and the content of fatty acids and amino acids in it. Pretreatment of insect biomass contributes to an increase in the yield of oil by 2,5%, amino acids by 5,7% compared to the control sample without PEF treatment. The results of the study allow us to recommend the use of PEF as a stage of preparation of insect biomass before further processing.

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