Enzymatic preparation of structured TAG containing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) at solvent-free

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianyu Yu ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Jie Cheng ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Lianzhou Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Light Phase ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Lipozyme Rm Im ◽  
Structured Tag ◽  
Optimal Reaction

AbstractRice bran oil extracted by the water-enzymatic method was placed at a temperature of −5 °C for 8 h. Light-phase rice bran oil with an iodine value of 112.13 ± 0.21 g I2/100 g oil was separated by cryogenic freezing centrifugation. Lipozyme RM IM transesterified light-phase rice bran oil and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) under supercritical system CO2 (SC-CO2). The optimal reaction conditions for transesterification of CLA and rice bran oil in SC-CO2 were determined as follows: the Lipozyme RM IM dosage was 9%, and the RBO/CLA molar ratio was 1:3, the reaction temperature was 55 °C, stirring speed was 300 rpm, and transesterification time was 20 h, the CLA conversion rate can reach 42.1%.

Lipase-Catalyzed Acyl-L-Carnitines Synthesis in [Bmim]PF6 Ionic Liquid

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-qiang Tian ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Zhong-yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Optimal Reaction ◽  
Better Than

In order to significantly improve the biosynthesis of acyl-L-carnitines catalyzed by lipase, there must be an efficient and suitable reaction medium that is not only polar but also hydrophobic. [Bmim]PF6, which satisfies the above two requirements, was applied as the medium. The optimal reaction conditions were: for isovaleryl-L-carnitine, 0.22aW, 200mg molecular sieves, 60ºC, 4:1 of molar ratio (fatty acid:L-carnitine), 150rpm and 60h; for octanoyl-L-carnitine and palmitoyl-L-carnitine, 0.22aW, 250 mg molecular sieves, 5:1 of molar ratio (fatty acid:L-carnitine), 200rpm, 48h, 60ºC (octanoyl-L-carnitine) and 65ºC (palmitoyl-L-carnitine). Their overall yields could reach 59.14%, 90.79% and 98.03%, respectively. The yields of isovaleryl-L-carnitine, octanoyl-L-carnitine and palmitoyl-L-carnitine in [Bmim]PF6 were 16.21%, 73.67% and 44.22 % more than those in acetonitrile, respectively. [Bmim]PF6 as the medium was better than acetonitrile. It could not only enhance the yields of acyl-L-carnitines, but also protect the lipase activity.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Production from a Novel Nonedible Feedstock, Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Seed Oil

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hung Su ◽  
Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Uyen Pham ◽  
My Nguyen ◽  
Horng-Yi Juan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Biodiesel Feedstock ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
American Society ◽  
Optimal Reaction

This study investigated the optimal reaction conditions for biodiesel production from soursop (Annona muricata) seeds. A high oil yield of 29.6% (w/w) could be obtained from soursop seeds. Oil extracted from soursop seeds was then converted into biodiesel through two-step transesterification process. A highest biodiesel yield of 97.02% was achieved under optimal acid-catalyzed esterification conditions (temperature: 65 °C, 1% H2SO4, reaction time: 90 min, and a methanol:oil molar ratio: 10:1) and optimal alkali-catalyzed transesterification conditions (temperature: 65 °C, reaction time: 30 min, 0.6% NaOH, and a methanol:oil molar ratio: 8:1). The properties of soursop biodiesel were determined and most were found to meet the European standard EN 14214 and American Society for Testing and Materials standard D6751. This study suggests that soursop seed oil is a promising biodiesel feedstock and that soursop biodiesel is a viable alternative to petrodiesel.

Catalytic Synthesis of Isoamyl Acetate by Ion Exchange Resin-Supported (NH4)6[MnMo9O32] • 8H2O with Waugh Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 1231-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xia Wang ◽  
Shu Heng Liu ◽  
Hua Yuan ◽  
Lin Lin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Isoamyl Acetate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Ion exchange resin-supported (NH4)6[MnMo9O32]8H2O with Waugh structure is used to prepare supported solid catalyst. Performance of this catalyst is researched by means of synthesis of isoamyl acetate. Optimal reaction conditions determined by orthogonal experiment are as follows: acid-alcohol molar ratio is 2.5:1, reaction time is 120 min, catalyst dosage is 0.8 g, dosage of water-carrying agent is 2.5 ml, esterification yield reaches 95.1%. This catalyst is characterized by high catalytic efficiency, easy separation and recovery, absence of environmental pollution and being reusable, etc.

Evaluation of the tribological properties and oxidative stability of epoxidized and ring opened products of pure rice bran oil

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012095053
Author(s):  
Ananthan D Thampi ◽  
Abhishek R John ◽  
M Muhammed Arif ◽  
S Rani
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Four Levels

Vegetable oils constitute a potential base stock for bio-lubricants, which has good biodegradability, high flash point, high viscosity index and excellent boundary lubrication properties. They also possess some limitations like low thermal and oxidation stability, poor low temperature properties and narrow range of viscosities. These limitations can be altered by modifying the vegetable oils chemically or by providing additives into the oils. This research work focused on the chemical modification of pure rice bran oil by epoxidation process using 30% hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid. The epoxidized rice bran oil was then subjected to ring opening process using butanoic acid. The epoxidation process was optimized with four factors (Temperature, Time, Weight % of Catalyst, Hydrogen Peroxide molar ratio), each factors having four levels. The lubricant properties of pure rice bran oil (RBO), epoxidized rice bran oil (ERBO) and ring opened rice bran oil (RRBO) were studied. It was noted that the lubricant properties of ERBO and RRBO were better compared to pure RBO.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of oxidative synthesis of N-alkyl, N,N-dialkyl and N-cykloalkyl-O-isobutyl thioncarbamate

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Sovrlic ◽  
Milutin Milosavljevic ◽  
Aleksandar Marinkovic ◽  
Jasmina Djukanovic ◽  
Danijela Brkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method ◽  
First Time ◽  
Optimal Reaction ◽  
Yield And Purity

A optimized synthesis of N-alkyl, N,N-dialkyl- and N-cycloalkyl-O-isobutyl thioncarbamates by aminolysis of sodium isobutylxanthogenic acid (NaiBXAc) and primary, secondary and cycloalkyl amines was developed at laboratory scale and applied at semi-industrial level. Studies on dependence of N-n-propyl-O-isopropylthiocarbamate yield and purity with respect to reaction parameters: reaction time and molar ratio of n-propylamine and NaiBXAc, were performed. In such way, optimal reaction conditions for synthesis of N-alkyl, N,N-dialkyl- and N-cycloalkyl-O-isobutyl thioncarbamates, by aminolysis of NaiBXAc, were established. Also, comparative results of thioncarbamates synthesis starting from potassium isobutyl xanthate (KiBX) and corresponding amines in presence of different oxidants: hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite and new oxidative agent potassium peroxodisulfate were evaluated. Synthesized compounds have been fully characterized by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR and MS data, elemental analysis and purity have been determined by gas chromatographic method (GC). According to our knowledge, ten synthesized thioncarbamates are for the first time characterized. Synthesized compounds could be used as selective reagents for flotation of copper and zinc ores. The presented methods offer several benefits, namely, high product yields and purity, simple operation, mild reaction conditions without use of hazardous organic solvents, while some of them could be implemented on industrial scale production.

Deacidification of Crude Rice Bran Oil (CRBO) to Remove FFA and Preserve γ-Oryzanol Using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES)

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zullaikah ◽  
Nizar Dwi Wibowo ◽  
I Made Gede Eris Dwi Wahyudi ◽  
M. Rachimoellah
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
C 50

High content of free fatty acids (FFA) in crude rice bran oil (CRBO) needs to be separated through deacidification. Generally, deacidification process that is widely used are chemical and physical processes which causes the loss of bioactive compounds (γ-oryzanol) and un-environmentally friendly. The liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) using deep eutectic solvents (DES) to remove FFA and preserve g-oryzanol would be implemented in this study. DES with different hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) with certain molar ratio such as Choline Chloride (ChCl)-Ethylene glycol 1:2 (DES I), ChCl-Glycerol 1:1 (DES II), ChCl-Urea 1:2 (DES III), ChCl-Oxalic acid 1:2 (DES IV), and Betaine Monohydrate-Glycerol 1:8 (NADES) were used as solvent to extract FFA from dewaxed/degummed RBO (DDRBO) for certain extraction time (30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min) and extraction temperature (30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C) under stirring (200 rpm). Deacidification using DES I for 240 min. and temperature of 50 °C was the optimum solvent to remove FFA (19.03 ± 2.33 %) and preserve g-oryzanol (recovery of g-oryzanol was 51.30 ± 1.77 %). The results also revealed that the longer time of extraction would be increased removal of FFA and decreased recovery of g-oryzanol. The higher temperature of extraction would be increased removal of FFA. In this work, temperature of 50 °C was the best extraction temperature of FFA since DES has highest solubility at this temperature.

scholarly journals PREPARATION OF [AcMI] HSO4 AND USING AS CATALYST FOR ESTERIFICATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Thu Ngoc Ha Le ◽  
Thach Ngoc Le
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Chloroacetic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acidic Sites ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Zwitter Ion ◽  
Optimal Reaction

New Bronsted acidic ionic liquid, 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [AcMI]HSO4, has two acidic sites -COOH and HSO4 -. It has been synthesized by three steps. First, 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [AcMI]Cl was prepared by alkylation of 1- methylimidazole with chloroacetic acid (molar ratio is 1.5:1) under microwave irradiation in 6 min (84 % isolated yield). Then, zwitter ion 1-carboxylatmethyl-3-methylimidazolium was obtained by using Ag2O to remove ion chloride Cl- from [AcMI]Cl. At last, concentrated sulfuric acid (98 %) was added into zwitter ion to give 1-carboxymethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (yield 96 %). This ionic liquid used as a recyclabe catalyst for the esterification of isopropanol and chloroacetic acid. The optimal reaction conditions were obtained as follows: isopropanol: chloroacetic acid:[AcMI]HSO4 are 1.3:1:0.2, reaction time for 10 min at 60 oC under microvave irradiation. The yield of isopropyl chloroacetate was 86 %. This ionic liquid was removed from ester easily, recovered and recycled without loss of activity.

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