scholarly journals Comparison of Widely Used Biochemical Analytes in the Serum and Saliva Samples of Dialysis Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Medine Alpdemir ◽  
Mehmet Eryilmaz ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Alpdemir ◽  
Güler Topçu ◽  
Alper Azak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

SummaryThe aim of this study is to determine whether the saliva analysis is an alternative to routine biochemical and immunoassay analyses in patients undergoing perito - neal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD). Study group consisted of 40 healthy control, 44 PD and 44 HD patients. Routine biochemical analytes, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3, free T4, vitamin B12, ferritin and folic acid were measured. Compared to pre-HD, urea, creatinine, uric acid, potassium levels were lower in post-HD, and calcium, magnesium, vitamin B12 levels were higher in post-HD both in saliva and serum. Positive correlations between saliva and serum were found for TSH and ferritin in control; urea, LDH, K in PD; urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase in pre-HD, and gamma-glutamyl transferase, iron, TSH in post-HD. There was a negative correlation only for creatine kinase and Mg in pre-HD and calcium in post-HD. In all groups, a positive correlation was found for urea, creatinine and a negative correlation was found for magnesium. Our study showed higher salivary urea and creatinine levels in patient groups, consistent with serum levels. Based on these results, salivary urea and creatinine levels may be useful in the evaluation of azotemia in dialysis patients.

STUDY ON EVALUATION OF SERUM GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE (GGT) LEVELS IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-40
Author(s):  
Avtar Singh Dhanju ◽  
Deepshikha Singla ◽  
Pashaura Singh ◽  
Ajay Chhabra ◽  
Sukhraj Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Aim: The present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) levels in patients of acute coronary syndrome. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 cases with acute coronary syndrome (Group A) and 50 healthy control subjects (Group B) meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: There is signicant rise in serum GGT levels in patients presenting with ACS in Group A as compared to Group B. Conclusion: Higher levels of GGT in ACS patients with risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia and smoking may serve as biomarker to predict the occurrence of ACS.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Glutamate-Pyruvate Transaminase, Glutamate-Oxaloacetate Transaminase and Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase in 1494 Patients with Various Genotypes for the Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Gene

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3923
Author(s):  
José María Hernández Pérez ◽  
Ignacio Blanco ◽  
Agustín Jesús Sánchez Medina ◽  
Laura Díaz Hernández ◽  
José Antonio Pérez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Glutamate Pyruvate ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Normal Genotype

Background: Patients with liver disease associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) are homozygous for the Z mutation, leading to chronic liver damage. Objective: To assess the serum levels of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) in patients with different genotypes for the alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) gene. Methods: Patients (n = 1494) underwent genotyping of the SERPINA1 gene, together with a determination of AAT and GOT and GPT and GGT transaminase levels. Patients with a deficient allele (n = 476) and with a normal genotype were compared. Results: A statistically significant association was found between deficient genotypes and GOT (p < 0.0003), GPT (p < 0.002), and GGT (p < 0.006). Comparing GOT levels in patients with PI*Z deficient variant versus those with normal genotype, an odds ratio (OR) of 2.72 (CI: 1.5–4.87) (p < 0.0005) was obtained. This finding was replicated with the PI*Z allele and the GPT values (OR = 2.31; CI: 1.45–3.67; p < 0.0003). In addition, a statistically significant association was found between liver enzymes and AAT values. Conclusion: The PI*Z allele seemed to be a risk factor for the development of liver damage. AAT deficient genotypes were associated with GOT, GPT, and GGT altered values. Low AAT levels were associated with high GPT and GGT levels.

Vitamin-B12-Konzentration im Blutserum von Milchkühen in der Frühlaktation

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (04) ◽  
pp. 209-219
Author(s):  
M. Fürll ◽  
K. Obitz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Klinische Relevanz ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Zusammenfassung Ziel war, das Verhalten der Vitamin-B12-Konzentration im Blutserum von Milchkühen post partum (p. p.) zu beschreiben und Beziehungen zu Stoffwechselparametern, dem Erythrogramm sowie zum Gesundheitsstatus der Kühe zu prüfen. Material und Methoden: Bei 157 Holstein-Friesian-Kühen wurden 2–6 Tage p. p. sowie 4–5 Wochen p. p. Blutproben zur Stoffwechselanalytik entnommen und klinische Daten zur Bewertung des Gesundheitsstatus (gesund/krank) erhoben. Ergeb nisse: Bei allen Tieren ergab sich 4 Wochen p. p. eine im Vergleich zu 2–6 Tage p. p. verminderte Vitamin-B12-Konzentration (p 0,05). Kühe beider Gruppen (gesund/krank) wiesen 2–6 Tage p. p. höhere Werte für die Parameter Erythrozytenzahl, Hämatokrit und Hämoglobinkonzentration auf als 4 Wochen p. p. Bei allen Kühen korrelierte die Aktivität der Gamma-Glutamyl-Transferase (GGT) eng mit der Vitamin-B12-Konzentration (p 0,01). Ferner wurden bei allen Tieren 2–6 Tage p. p. infolge der partusbedingten gesteigerten Lipolyse höhere Konzentrationen an Betahydroxybutyrat, freien Fettsäuren und Bilirubin (p 0,05) bestimmt. Auffallend war der geringere Abfall der Vitamin-B12-Konzentration bei den kranken im Vergleich zu den gesunden Kühen (p 0,05). Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz: Die Vitamin-B12-Konzentration zeigt eine signifikante Laktationsdynamik und enge Beziehungen zur GGT-Aktivität und zu den Parametern des Energiestoffwechsels. Vitamin B12 kann eine Indikatorfunktion für gesteigerte Lipolyse und Cholestase besitzen. Höhere Vit amin-B12-Konzentrationen können auf klinische Probleme hinweisen. Beziehungen zur Hämatopoese werden durch die erythrozytären Mess werte erkennbar. Sinkende erythrozytäre Messwerte p. p. verbunden mit Leistungsdepression können in Zusammenhang mit einer niedrigen Vitamin-B12-Konzentration stehen. Aufgrund der engen Korrelation mit der GGT-Aktivität sowie der Bilirubinkonzentration kann Vitamin B12 bei einer Serumkonzentration 227 ng/l (3. Quartil 2–6 Tage p. p. in der Gruppe gesund) bei Milchkühen cholestatische Stoffwechselbelastungen anzeigen. Kranke Kühe lassen sich schon im subklinischen Stadium identifizieren.

scholarly journals Serum Adropin Levels Are Reduced in Adult Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orkide  Kutlu ◽  
Özgür Altun ◽  
Okan Dikker ◽  
Şerife Aktaş ◽  
Neslihan Özsoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Objectives: Adropin is a novel marker of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the association of serum adropin levels with hepatosteatosis among adult patients. Materials and Methods: Serum biochemical parameters including liver and renal function tests, insulin levels, and serum adropin levels were compared between adult patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and healthy control cases. Results: A total of 51 patients with a mean age of 37.9 ± 9.96 years diagnosed with grade 2–3 hepatosteatosis and 30 healthy control cases with a mean age of 34.8 ± 9.5 years were included in the study. Serum adropin levels in the NAFLD group were statistically significantly lower than in the control cases (588.4 ± 261.0 vs. 894.2 ± 301.2, respectively; p < 0.001). The study participants were further subdivided into 2 groups as patients with (n = 35) or without (n = 46) insulin resistance using the serum homeostatic model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum adropin levels were statistically significantly lower in patients with insulin resistance (p < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between adropin levels and serum insulin, HOMA-IR, urea, gamma-glutamyl transferase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Conclusion: We observed a decrease in serum adropin levels among adult patients with NAFLD. We also found lower levels of serum adropin in patients with insulin resistance, supporting previous data in the literature. Studies investigating the association of adropin levels with other inflammatory parameters are warranted to define its exact role in the pathogenesis of hepatosteatosis.

scholarly journals Evolving liver inflammation in biochemically normal individuals with anti-mitochondria antibodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Cristiane Baldo ◽  
Alessandra Dellavance ◽  
Maria Lucia Gomes Ferraz ◽  
Luis Eduardo C. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Abstract Background Anti-mitochondria autoantibodies (AMA) occur in > 95% primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients. Biochemically normal AMA-positive (BN/AMA+) individuals, occasionally noticed by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on HEp-2 cells and confirmed in AMA-specific assays, may represent early stages of PBC. The Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) score is a surrogate marker for liver fibrosis. This prospective study investigated the ELF score in BN/AMA+ individuals and PBC patients, considering autoantibody avidity and serum levels along the years. Methods 327 samples from 35 PBC and 59 BN/AMA+ were prospectively obtained in average 3.83 (range 0.50–7.40) years apart. Samples were tested by IIF on rat-kidney (IIF-AMA), western-blot for AMA (WB-AMA), and ELISA for antibodies against pyruvate-dehydrogenase (PDC-E2), gp210, sp100 and CENP-A/B. Anti-PDC-E2 avidity was determined by 6 M urea-elution ELISA. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (ɣGT) and ELF score were measured by automated methods. Results Along the follow-up period BN/AMA+ subjects and PBC patients presented significant increase in serum anti-PDC-E2 (mean 10.45% and 8.86% per year; respectively), anti-PDC-E2 avidity (3.02% and 4.94%/year) and ELF score (3.24% and 2.71%/year). IIF-AMA and ɣGT increased in BN/AMA+ (6.59% and 2.36%) and decreased in PBC (− 4.89%/year and − 3.88%/year). In BN/AMA+ individuals there was positive correlation of ELF with IIF-AMA titer (r = 0.465; p < 0.001) and with anti-PDC-E2 levels (r = 0.239; p < 0.001). Expansion of autoantibody targets along time occurred in 39% BN/AMA+ and 49% PBC patients. The frequency of BN/AMA+ with high probability of having established PBC increased from 7 to 14%. Conclusions BN/AMA+ individuals present an orchestrated increase in ELF score and humoral autoimmune response over time, indicating an opportunity for early therapeutic intervention and prevention in autoimmunity.

Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, offers protection against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olorunfemi R. Molehin ◽  
Anne A. Adeyanju ◽  
Stephen A. Adefegha ◽  
Oluwasanmi O. Aina ◽  
Blessing A. Afolabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

AbstractBackground:Elevation of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) activity converts cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to 5′-GMP, a mechanism that could be associated with drug-mediated hepatotoxicity. This study investigated whether selective inhibition of PDE5 by sildenafil could offer protection against hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).Methods:CCl4(0.5 mL/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to induce hepatotoxicity. The control group received normal saline. Sildenafil (5 mg, 10 mg, and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered to CCl4-treated rats.Results:CCl4significantly increased the serum levels of gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and reduced total protein (TP) (p<0.05). Pretreatment with sildenafil moderately reduced ALP, AST, and ALT activities with modest increase in TP level. CCl4-induced changes in the antioxidant status of the liver were significantly improved by sildenafil, especially at the lowest dose of 5 mg/kg by elevating the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and preventing lipid peroxidation (p<0.05). Sildenafil did not significantly alter the total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. However, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was significantly increased by sildenafil (p<0.05).Conclusions:The results from this study suggest that sildenafil, when used at low doses, may be a useful pharmacological protective agent against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity.

Serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase are associated with markers of nocturnal hypoxemia in a general adult population

2009 ◽  
Vol 407 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Gude ◽  
Jesús Rey-Garcia ◽  
Carmen Fernandez-Merino ◽  
Luis Meijide ◽  
Luis García-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Nocturnal Hypoxemia ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

scholarly journals Haematological and biochemical parameters in Churra-da-Terra-Quente ewes from the northeast of Portugal

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.R. Dias ◽  
C.A. Viegas ◽  
A.M. Silva ◽  
H.F. Pereira ◽  
C.P. Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Indigenous Breed ◽  
Plasma Electrolytes ◽  
Hematological And Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Hematological and biochemical parameters, including plasma electrolytes and thyroid hormones, were determined in 73 clinically healthy Churra-da-Terra-Quente ewes, a typical breed from the northeast of Portugal. The hemogram values were: erythrocytes 9.8±1.5×10(12)/L; haemoglobin 118.1±19.1g/L; haematocrit 40.8±5.9%; leukocytes 5.7±1.8×10(9)/L; and platelets 544.3±177.2×10(9)/L. The thrombin time was 17.3±1.7 seconds. The values of biochemical parameters were: total protein 76.4±6.1g/L; glucose 2.87±0.60mmol/L; total cholesterol 1.65±0.33mmol/L; aspartate aminotransferase 155.9±49.2U/L; alanine aminotransferase 23.2±9.6U/L; γ-glutamyl transferase 48.0±18.7U/L; total alkaline phosphatase 121.6±76.1U/L; glutamate dehydrogenase 6.4±3.7U/L; urea 7.32±2.22mmol/L; creatinine 123.0±54.1μmol/L; total calcium 2.53±0.25mmol/L; phosphorus 2.10±0.46mmol/L; magnesium 1.01±0.09mmol/L; sodium 152.04±3.65mmol/L; potassium 4.7±0.4mmol/L; ionized calcium 1.32±0.07mmol/L; total thyroxine 111.75±42.29nmol/L; total triiodothyronine 1.01±0.28nmol/L; free T4 11.93±1.78pmol/L; free T3 4.22±1.33pmol/L; and thyroid-stimulating hormone 0.18±0.19μIU/mL. Although differences among the Churra-da-Terra-Quente breed and other breeds may occur, the hematological and biochemical parameters, plasma electrolytes, and thyroid hormones, for this indigenous breed, were generally situated within the reference intervals previously reported for sheep.

scholarly journals Hepatotoxic Assessment of Tramadol-Diclofenac Use: A Study in a Rat Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Elias Adikwu ◽  
Ebinyo Clemente Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Hepatotoxic Effect ◽  
Hepatocyte Necrosis ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

The concurrent use of tramadol and diclofenac may increase hepatotoxic risk due to their individual hepatotoxic effects. This study assessed the hepatotoxic effect of tramadol-diclofenac administration in albino rats. Twenty-four adult male albino rats (200-220g) randomized into four groups were orally administered with tramadol (12mg/kg/day), diclofenac (6mg/kg/day) and tramadol-diclofenac for 14 days respectively. The rats were anesthetized, blood samples were collected and evaluated for serum liver function and lipid parameters. Liver samples were weighed and evaluated for biochemical parameters and histology. The effects of tramadol-diclofenac on the body and liver weights did not differ significantly (p>0.05) when compared to control. Also, effects were not significant (p>0.05) on blood glucose, and serum cholesterol, triglyceride, low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels when compared to control. Liver and serum levels of aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma–glutamyl transferase, conjugated bilirubin and total bilirubin increased significantly in rats treated with tramadol (p<0.05), diclofenac (p<0.01) and tramadol-diclofenac (p<0.001) when compared to control. Furthermore, significant decreases in liver catalase, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase levels with significant increases in malondialdehyde levels occurred in rats treated with tramadol (p<0.05), diclofenac (p<0.01) and tramadol-diclofenac (p<0.001) when compared to control. Hepatocyte necrosis was observed in rats treated with tramadol-diclofenac. Tramadol-diclofenac may increase hepatotoxic risk at doses used for this study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of pancreatic lipase and gamma-glutamyl transferase in acute pancreatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-405
Author(s):  
Ahmed Baban
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Serum Lipase ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Background and objective: Pancreas is a large organ behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and a number of hormones. Pancreatitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the pancreas. When the digestive enzymes are activated before they are released into the small intestine, they begin attacking the pancreas, and pancreatic damage happens. This study aimed to evaluate the association between pancreatic lipase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and acute pancreatitis in patients living in Erbil city. Methods: The present study was carried out at the College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University from December 2017 to July 2018. A total of 35 patients with acute pancreatitis and 25 healthy controls were investigated. Examinations of serum pancreatic lipase and gamma glutamyl transferase were carried out spectrophotometrically for both groups using commercial diagnostics kits. Results: The results showed that the mean level of serum pancreatic lipase in patients with pancreatitis was significantly higher (P <0.01)compared to normal healthy control. The mean serum gamma glutamyl transferase was higher in patients with acute pancreatitis when compared to the reference group but not statistically significant. Conclusion: In the frame of this work, we delineate that pancreatic diseases had a significant effect on pancreatic enzymes reflected by a significant increase in serum lipase, whereas the level of gamma glutamyl transferase increased marginally. Keywords: Pancreatitis; Pancreatic lipoprotein lipase; Gamma glutamyl transferase.

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