Omentin, an adipokine with insulin-sensitizing properties, is negatively associated with insulin resistance in normal gestation

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Brandt ◽  
Shali Mazaki-Tovi ◽  
Rina Hemi ◽  
Yoav Yinon ◽  
Eyal Schiff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Normal Gestation

AbstractOmentin, a newly identified adipokine, enhances insulin mediated glucose uptake in human adipocytes, thus, inducing systemic insulin-sensitizing effect. The aims of this study were to determine whether circulating maternal omentin levels are associated with insulin resistance indices and to assess which compartment, maternal, fetal, or placental, is the source of omentin in maternal circulation.Fasting serum glucose, insulin, and omentin were determined in 25 healthy pregnant women at the third trimester, before and 3 days after elective cesarean section. Cord blood omentin was measured in the 25 term neonates. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) was used to evaluate insulin sensitivity before and after delivery.Antepartum maternal omentin levels were negatively correlated with insulin levels (r=–0.41, P=0.04) and positively correlated with insulin sensitivity (HOMA%S; r=0.4, P=0.04). Postpartum omentin levels were negatively correlated with maternal body mass index (r=–0.44, P=0.02). Median maternal omentin levels was comparable before and after delivery (57.2, inter-quartile range: 38.2–76.2 ng/mL vs. 53.4, 39.8–69.4 ng/mL, respectively, P=0.25) and highly correlated (r=0.83, P<0.001). Antepartum maternal and neonatal omentin levels did not differ significantly (fetal: 62.2, 44.3–74.2 ng/mL, P=0.77) and did not correlate (P=0.6).Circulating maternal omentin levels are correlated with insulin resistance indices, suggesting that this adipokine may play a role in metabolic adaptations of normal gestation. The strong correlation between anteparum and postpartum maternal omentin levels, as well as the lack of association between maternal and neonatal omentin levels, suggest that placental or fetal compartments are unlikely as the main source of circulating maternal omentin.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Circulating Acetate and Human Insulin Resistance before and after Weight Loss in the DiOGenes Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 339
Author(s):  
Manuel A. González Hernández ◽  
Emanuel E. Canfora ◽  
Kenneth Pasmans ◽  
A. Astrup ◽  
W. H. M. Saris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Random Factor ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Matsuda Index

Microbially-produced acetate has been reported to beneficially affect metabolic health through effects on satiety, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity, and substrate utilization. Here, we investigate the association between sex-specific concentrations of acetate and insulin sensitivity/resistance indices (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), circulating insulin and Matsuda Index) in the Diet, Obesity and Genes (DiOGenes) Dietary study at baseline and after a low-calorie diet (LCD, 800 kcal/d). In this analysis, 692 subjects (Body Mass Index >27 kg/m2) were included, who underwent an LCD for 8 weeks. Linear mixed models were performed, which were adjusted for mean acetate concentration, center (random factor), age, weight loss, and fat-free mass (FFM). At baseline, no associations between plasma acetate and insulin sensitivity/resistance indices were found. We found a slight positive association between changes in acetate and changes in HOMA-IR (stdβ 0.130, p = 0.033) in women, but not in men (stdβ −0.072, p = 0.310) independently of age, weight loss and FFM. We were not able to confirm previously reported associations between acetate and insulin sensitivity in this large European cohort. The mechanisms behind the sex-specific relationship between LCD-induced changes in acetate and insulin sensitivity require further study.

scholarly journals Hyperthyroidism-Associated Insulin Resistance Is Not Mediated by Adiponectin Levels

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Hsun Chu ◽  
Hing-Chung Lam ◽  
Jenn-Kuen Lee ◽  
Chih-Chen Lu ◽  
Chun-Chin Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Antithyroid Drugs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Antithyroid Treatment

To evaluate the relationship between circulating adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease, we studied 19 adult patients with this disease and 19 age- and sex-matched euthyroid controls. All hyperthyroid patients were treated with antithyroid drugs and were re-evaluated after thyroid function normalized. Before antithyroid treatment, the adiponectin plasma concentrations were not different comparing with those in control group. The adiponectin levels remained unchanged after treatment. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in hyperthyroid group was higher before treatment than after treatment. There was no significant difference in serum glucose and insulin levels between hyperthyroid and control groups and in the hyperthyroid group before and after treatment. BMI-adjusted adiponectin levels were not different among three groups. On the other hand, BMI-adjusted insulin levels and HOMA-IR values were significantly decreased after management of hyperthyroidism. Pearson's correlation revealed that insulin and HOMA-IR values positively correlated with triiodothyronine (T3) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels. However, adiponectin did not correlate with T3, FT4, insulin, HOMA-IR and thyrotropin receptor autoantibody (TRAb) levels. In conclusion, insulin resistance associated with hyperthyroidism is not mediated by the levels of plasma adiponectin.

scholarly journals Melatonin Treatment Improves Insulin Resistance and Pigmentation in Obese Patients with Acanthosis Nigricans

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Sun ◽  
Xingchun Wang ◽  
Jiaqi Chen ◽  
Aaron M. Gusdon ◽  
Kexiu Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Acanthosis Nigricans ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Matsuda Index

Objective. This study aimed to determine the effects of melatonin on insulin resistance in obese patients with acanthosis nigricans (AN). Methods. A total of 17 obese patients with acanthosis nigricans were recruited in a 12-week pilot open trial. Insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, inflammatory factors, and other biochemical parameters before and after the administration of melatonin were measured. Results. After 12 weeks of treatment with melatonin (3 mg/day), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (8.99 ± 5.10 versus 7.77 ± 5.21, p<0.05) and fasting insulin (37.09 5 ± 20.26 μU/ml versus 32.10 ± 20.29 μU/ml, p<0.05) were significantly decreased. Matsuda index (2.82 ± 1.54 versus 3.74 ± 2.02, p<0.05) was significantly increased. There were also statistically significant declines in the AN scores of the neck and axilla, body weight, body mass index, body fat, visceral index, neck circumference, waist circumference, and inflammatory markers. Conclusions. It was concluded that melatonin could improve cutaneous symptoms in obese patients with acanthosis nigricans by improving insulin sensitivity and inflammatory status. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02604095.

scholarly journals Effect of Ramadan fasting on some indices of insulin resistance and components of the metabolic syndrome in healthy male adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Vahdat Shariatpanahi ◽  
M. Vahdat Shariatpanahi ◽  
S. Shahbazi ◽  
A. Hossaini ◽  
A. Abadi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Before And After

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Ramadan fasting on insulin sensitivity in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Males (n 55; age 34·1 (sd 8·9) years) with the metabolic syndrome were studied. Blood pressure, waist circumference, body weight, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), TAG, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting blood insulin and insulin resistance indices (quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and reciprocal index of HOMA-IR (1/HOMA-IR)) were evaluated before and after 30 d of Ramadan fasting (two meals at 12 h intervals). The dietary intake was estimated by 24 h recall before and after fasting. The total daily energy intake was decreased by 234·6 (sd 88·2) kJ/d in the fasting period (P = 0·005). 1/HOMA-IR, QUICKI and HDL-C were significantly increased (P = 0·005, P = 0·001 and P = 0·004) and FPG significantly decreased (P < 0·005) after fasting. Simple linear regression analysis demonstrated that HOMA-IR, 1/HOMA-IR and QUICKI were related to waist circumference after intervention (r 0·458, P < 0·001; r − 0·396, P < 0·05; r − 0·342, P < 0·05). In conclusion, the present study showed that the combined change in the number and timing of meals and portioning of the entire intake into only two meals per d may increase insulin sensitivity in subjects with the metabolic syndrome even when the decrease in energy consumption is minimal.

scholarly journals Anti-Diabetic and Hypolipidemic Effect of Coccinia Indica in Glucocorticoid Induced Insulin Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Narendar Koyagura ◽  
V. Hemanth Kumar ◽  
Chandrakumar Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Coccinia Indica ◽  
Group 2

This study explores the anti-diabetic, insulin sensitizing and hypolipidemic activity of Coccinia indica (C.indica) leaf extract (ethanolic) in glucocorticoid induced insulin resistance (IR). A 12 day study with 5 groups of 30 male Wistar albino rats, with 6 rats in each was conducted. The rats in all the groups except group 1 received dexamethasone (8mg/kg/i.p.) from 7th to 12th day to induce IR. The groups 1 and 2 received 2% gum acacia orally for 12 days whereas the groups 3 & 4 received oral ethanolic extract of C.indica leaf in the dose of 1 and 2 gm/kg, respectively. The standard control (group 5) received metformin (1gm/kg) orally for 12 days. Fasting serum glucose, insulin and lipid levels were estimated at the beginning and end of the study. The insulin sensitivity indices (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and sensitivity, fasting glucose to insulin ratio, hepatic & atherogenic indices) were calculated. The body weight was monitored on alternate days. The liver weight, volume and histopathology were also done. Compared to group 2 rats, the group’s 3 & 4 demonstrated significant(p<0.05) dose dependent lowering of serum glucose, insulin and lipids as well as lowered IR, improved insulin sensitivity and reduced hepatic steatosis. Additionally, group 2 rats had low body weight and hepatomegaly. This extract demonstrated significant anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic and insulin sensitizing activity. Hence it can be used as an effective alternative for treating type2 diabetes mellitus.

Magnesium intake, insulin resistance and markers of endothelial function among women

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Narges Ghorbani Bavani ◽  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Ahmadreza Yazdannik ◽  
Ebrahim Falahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment

Abstract Objective: We investigated the association of dietary Mg intake with insulin resistance and markers of endothelial function among Iranian women. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a validated FFQ. Dietary Mg intake was calculated by summing up the amount of Mg in all foods. A fasting blood sample was taken to measure serum concentrations of glycemic indices (fasting plasma glucose and insulin) and endothelial function markers (E-selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1). Insulin resistance and sensitivity were estimated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostasis Model Assessment β-cell function (HOMA-β) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Participants: Iranian female nurses (n 345) selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method. Results: The Mg intake across energy-adjusted quartiles was 205 (se 7), 221·4 (se 8), 254·3 (se 7) and 355·2 (se 9) mg/d, respectively. After adjustments for potential confounders, QUICKI level was significantly different across quartiles of Mg intake (Q1: 0·34 (se 0·02), Q2: 0·36 (se 0·01), Q3: 0·40 (se 0·01), and Q4: 0·39 (se 0·02), P = 0·02); however, this association disappeared after considering markers of endothelial function, indicating that this relation might be mediated through endothelial dysfunction. After controlling for all potential confounders, Mg intake was inversely, but not significantly, associated with serum concentrations of sICAM (Q1: 239 (se 17), Q2: 214 (se 12), Q3: 196 (se 12), and Q4: 195 (se 17), P = 0·29). There was no other significant association between dietary Mg intake and other indicators of glucose homoeostasis or endothelial markers. Conclusions: Higher dietary Mg intake was associated with better insulin sensitivity in Iranian females. This linkage was mediated through reduced endothelial dysfunction.

scholarly journals SAT0111 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE ADMINISTRATION OF IL-6 INHIBITORS AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 989.3-989
Author(s):  
A. Jitaru ◽  
C. Pomirleanu ◽  
M. M. Leon-Constantin ◽  
F. Mitu ◽  
C. Ancuta
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Inflammatory Status

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, due not only to the traditional risk factors (hypertension, insulin resistance/diabetes, obesity, smoking), but to the inflammatory status as well. The blockade of interleukin-6 (IL-6) can regulate the glucose metabolism, reducing the glucose level and insulin resistance (IR). This beneficial effect is seen more in patients with normal values of body mass index (BMI), compared to the obese population.Objectives:Given the mentioned existing data, we aim to demonstrate the positive effect of IL-6 inhibitors in active RA patients with normal or increased BMI.Methods:We recruited 56 consecutive patients with definite and active RA, non-responders/partial responders to conventional synthetic Drug Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (csDMARDs)/biological therapy. For a period of 52 weeks, patients received subcutaneous Tocilizumab (TCZ) in a dose of 162mg once a week, according to European League Anti Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendation and National Protocol. We assessed demographics, RA-related parameters (clinical, inflammatory and immune) and metabolic markers, as well as the peripheral response to insulin, quantified by Homeostasis Model Assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI). We did not include in the study the patients known with diabetes mellitus (DM) and those undergoing glucocorticoids.Results:After 52 weeks of treatment, most of the patients showed a statistically significant reduction of HOMA-IR (3.61 ± 1.21 at the onset vs. 2.45 ± 1.46 at the end of the study, p<0.001), while QUICKI registered a slight increase (0.32 ± 0.01 at the onset vs. 0.33 ± 0.01 at the end of the study, p<0.001). Also, the decrease in insulin and glucose levels were more obvious in patients with normal BMI, strictly related to disease activity.Conclusion:Long-term administration of TCZ in active RA is associated with a significant reduction of disease activity and IR, especially in normal weight patients. This confirms that obesity, as a CV risk factor, represents one of the main causes of IR.References:[1]Castañeda S, Remuzgo-Martínez S, López-Mejías R et al. Rapid beneficial effect of the IL-6 receptor blockade on insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2019; 37(3):465-473.[2]Lehrskov LL, Christensen RH. The role of interleukin-6 in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism.Semin Immunopathol. 2019; 41(4):491-499.[3]Ursini F, Russo E, Ruscitti P, Giacomelli R, De Sarro G. The effect of non-TNF-targeted biologics and small molecules on insulin resistance in inflammatory arthritis.Autoimmun Rev. 2018 Apr;17(4):399-404.Disclosure of Interests:Alexandra Jitaru: None declared, Cristina Pomirleanu: None declared, Maria-Magdalena Leon-Constantin: None declared, Florin Mitu: None declared, CODRINA ANCUTA Consultant of: AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, Novartis, UCB, Ewopharma, Merck Sharpe and Dohme, and Eli Lilly, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Pfizer, Roche, Novartis, UCB, Ewopharma, Merck Sharpe and Dohme, and Eli Lilly

scholarly journals Insulin resistance and liver histopathology in metabolically unhealthy subjects do not correlate with the hepatic abundance of NLRP3 inflammasome nor circulating IL-1β levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001975
Author(s):  
Nicolas Quezada ◽  
Ilse Valencia ◽  
Javiera Torres ◽  
Gregorio Maturana ◽  
Jaime Cerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Liver Histopathology ◽  
Inflammatory Status

IntroductionSystemic chronic low-grade inflammation has been linked to insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and its final product, interleukin (IL)-1β, exert detrimental effects on insulin sensitivity and promote liver inflammation in murine models. Evidence linking hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome, systemic IR and NASH has been scarcely explored in humans. Herein, we correlated the hepatic abundance of NLRP3 inflammasome components and IR and NASH in humans.Research design and methodsMetabolically healthy (MH) (n=11) and metabolically unhealthy (MUH) (metabolic syndrome, n=21, and type 2 diabetes, n=14) subjects were recruited. Insulin sensitivity (homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and Oral Glucose Sensitivity (OGIS120)), glycemic (glycated hemoglobin), and lipid parameters were determined by standard methods. Plasma cytokines were quantified by Magpix. Hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome components were determined at the mRNA and protein levels by reverse transcription–quantitative PCR and western blot, respectively. Liver damage was assessed by histological analysis (Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Activity Score (NAS) and Steatosis, Inflammatory Activity, and Fibrosis (SAF) scores). IR and liver histopathology were correlated with NLRP3 inflammasome components as well as with liver and plasma IL-1β levels.ResultsBody Mass Index, waist circumference, and arterial hypertension frequency were significantly higher in MUH subjects. These patients also had increased high-sensitivity C reactive protein levels compared with MH subjects. No differences in the plasma levels of IL-1β nor the hepatic content of Nlrp3, apoptosis-associated speck-like (Asc), Caspase-1, and IL-1β were detected between MUH and MH individuals. MUH subjects had significantly higher NAS and SAF scores, indicating more severe liver damage. However, histological severity did not correlate with the hepatic content of NLRP3 inflammasome components nor IL-1β levels.ConclusionOur results suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is linked neither to IR nor to the inflammatory status of the liver in MUH patients.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Insulin Resistance and the Cardiovascular Biomarker Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Obese Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greisa Vila ◽  
Michaela Riedl ◽  
Christian Anderwald ◽  
Michael Resl ◽  
Ammon Handisurya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostatic Model ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress-responsive cytokine linked to obesity comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, inflammation, and cancer. GDF-15 also has adipokine properties and recently emerged as a prognostic biomarker for cardiovascular events. METHODS We evaluated the relationship of plasma GDF-15 concentrations with parameters of obesity, inflammation, and glucose and lipid metabolism in a cohort of 118 morbidly obese patients [mean (SD) age 37.2 (12) years, 89 females, 29 males] and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy lean individuals. All study participants underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test; 28 patients were studied before and 1 year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. RESULTS Obese individuals displayed increased plasma GDF-15 concentrations (P &lt; 0.001), with highest concentrations observed in patients with type 2 diabetes. GDF-15 was positively correlated with age, waist-to-height ratio, mean arterial blood pressure, triglycerides, creatinine, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c, and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index and negatively correlated with oral glucose insulin sensitivity. Age, homeostatic model assessment index, oral glucose insulin sensitivity, and creatinine were independent predictors of GDF-15 concentrations. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass led to a significant reduction in weight, leptin, insulin, and insulin resistance, but further increased GDF-15 concentrations (P &lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The associations between circulating GDF-15 concentrations and age, insulin resistance, and creatinine might account for the additional cardiovascular predictive information of GDF-15 compared to traditional risk factors. Nevertheless, GDF-15 changes following bariatric surgery suggest an indirect relationship between GDF-15 and insulin resistance. The clinical utility of GDF-15 as a biomarker might be limited until the pathways directly controlling GDF-15 concentrations are better understood.

scholarly journals Serum Proinsulin in Bangladeshi Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
S Sultana ◽  
Z Zeba ◽  
A Hossain ◽  
A Khaleque ◽  
R Zinnat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Insulin Secretory Capacity ◽  
Proinsulin Level ◽  
Secretory Capacity

Hyperproinsulinemia is commonly present in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. The present study was undertaken to investigate the proinsulin level in Bangladeshi IGT subjects and to explore its association with insulin resistance. This observational study was conducted under a case-control design with IGT subjects (n=50) and controls (n=44). IGT was diagnosed following the WHO Study Group Criteria. Serum glucose was measured by glucose-oxidase method, serum lipid profile by enzymatic method and serum insulin and serum proinsulin were measured by ELISA method. Insulin secretory capacity (HOMA%B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA%S) were calculated from fasting serum glucose and fasting serum insulin by homeostasis model assessment. The study subjects were age- and BMI- matched. Mean (±SD) age (yrs) of the control and IGT subjects were 40±6 and 40±5 respectively (p=0.853). Mean (±SD) BMI of the control and IGT subjects were 23±3 and 22±2 respectively (p=0.123). Fasting glucose was not significantly higher in IGT subjects, but serum glucose 2 hours after 75 gm glucose load was significantly higher in IGT subjects. Median (Range) value of fasting serum glucose (mmol/l) of control and IGT subjects were 5.3 (3.8-6) and 5.2 (4-12) respectively; (p=0.297). Median (Range) value of serum glucose (mmol/l) 2 hours after 75 gm glucose load of control and IGT subjects were 6.1 (3-7.8) and 7.9 (5- 21) respectively; (p=0.001). Fasting TG was significantly higher in IGT subjects and LDL-c was significantly lower in IGT subjects. Serum Total cholesterol and HDL-c were not significantly different between the IGT and control subjects. Median (Range) value of fasting serum TG (mg/dl) of control and IGT subjects were 119 (51-474) and 178 (82-540) respectively; (p=0.001). Median (Range) value of fasting serum T chol (mg/dl) of control and IGT subjects were 180 (65-272) and 186 (140-400) respectively; (p=0.191). Median (Range) value of fasting serum HDL-C (mg/dl) of control and IGT subjects were 29 (19-45) and 31 (15-78) respectively; (p=0.914). Median (Range) value of fasting serum LDL-C (mg/dl) of control and IGT subjects were 117(29-201) and 111(41- 320) respectively; (p=0.001). Fasting serum proinsulin was significantly higher in IGT subjects. Median (Range) value of fasting serum proinsulin (pmol/l) of control and IGT subjects were 9.2(1.8-156) and 17(3-51) respectively; (p=0.001). Insulin secretory capacity (HOMA%B) was higher but insulin sensitivity (HOMA%S) was significantly lower in case of IGT subjects. Median (Range) value of HOMA%B of control and IGT subjects were 97(46-498) and 164(17-300) respectively; (p=0.001). Median (Range) value of HOMA%S of control and IGT subjects were 68(19-270) and 39(15-110) respectively (p=0.001). In multiple regression analysis a significant negative association was found between fasting proinsulin and insulin sensitivity (p=0.037). The data led to the following conclusions: a) Insulin resistance is the predominant defect in Bangladeshi IGT subjects. b) Basal proinsulin level is significantly increased in IGT subjects. c) Insulin resistance is negatively associated with serum proinsulin in IGT subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v7i2.22411 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2014; 7(2): 41-46

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