scholarly journals Changes in synovial fluid biomarkers after experimental equine osteoarthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-wen Ma ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Guan-ying Wang ◽  
Xin-ran Li ◽  
Ren-li Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Equal Dose ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Carpal Joint ◽  
Equine Osteoarthritis

AbstractIntroduction: The study aimed to clarify the changes in the concentration of inflammatory mediators, proteases, and cartilage degradation biomarkers in the synovial fluid of joints in an equine osteoarthritis model.Material and Methods: Osteoarthritis was induced in eight Mongolian horses by a sterile intra-articular injection of amphotericin B, which was injected into the left carpal joint in a dose of 2 mL (25 mg/mL). The control group comprised five horses which were injected with an equal dose of sterile physiological saline into the left carpal joint. Synovial fluid was obtained at baseline and every week after injection. Test methods were based on ELISA.Results: In the course of the osteoarthritis, the concentration of biomarkers in joint synovial fluid showed an increasing trend. IL-1, IL-6, MMP-9, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, CS846, GAG, HA, CTX-II, and COMP concentrations sharply increased before the onset of significant symptoms of lameness, whereas TNF-α, MMP-2, and MMP-3 concentrations rose sharply after the occurrence of such symptoms.Conclusion: The results obtained confirm that the concentrations of IL-1, IL-6, MMP-9, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, CS846, GAG, HA, CTX-II and COMP increase substantially in equine osteoarthritis, which provides a theoretical basis for the rapid diagnosis of the disease.

scholarly journals Effects of Joint Lavage with Dimethylsulfoxide on LPS-Induced Synovitis in Horses—Clinical and Laboratorial Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Eric Danilo Pauls Sotelo ◽  
Cynthia Prado Vendruscolo ◽  
Joice Fülber ◽  
Sarah Raphaela Torquato Seidel ◽  
Fernando Mosquera Jaramillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Equine Medicine ◽  
Lactated Ringer's Solution ◽  
White Blood Cell Counts ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Joint Lavage

Several studies in human and equine medicine have produced controversial results regarding the role of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a therapeutic agent. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of joint lavage with different DMSO concentrations on biomarkers of synovial fluid inflammation and cartilage degradation in joints with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced synovitis. Twenty-six tibiotarsal joints of 13 horses were randomly distributed into four groups (lactated Ringer’s solution; 5% DMSO in lactated Ringer’s; 10% DMSO in lactated Ringer’s; and sham). All animals were evaluated for the presence of lameness, and synovial fluid analyses were performed at 0 h, 1 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 48 h (T0, T1, T8, T24, and T48, respectively). The white blood cell counts (WBC), total protein (TP), urea, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), hyaluronic acid (HA), and chondroitin sulfate (CS) concentrations were measured. The WBC counts and PGE2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TP concentrations increased in all groups at T8 compared to baseline values (p < 0.05). At T48, only the 5% DMSO and 10% DMSO groups showed a significant decrease in WBC counts (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the 10% DMSO group had lower concentrations of PGE2 and IL-1β at T48 than at T8 (p < 0.05) and presented lower IL-6 levels than the5% DMSO and lactated Ringer’s groups at T24. All groups showed an increase in CS concentration after LPS-induced synovitis. Joint lavage with 10% DMSO in lactated Ringer’s has anti-inflammatory but not chondroprotective effects.

scholarly journals Concentration Of Survivin In Children With Oligo- And Poly-Articular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA): Diagnostic And Prognostic Value – Single Center Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Lipinska ◽  
Marcin Kaszkowiak ◽  
Beata Malachowska ◽  
Joanna Swidrowska-Jaros ◽  
Elzbieta Smolewska
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Prognostic Utility ◽  
Radiological Damage

Abstract AIM: The goal of the study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic utility of survivin in patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA).METHODS: Seventy children with JIA – 59 newly diagnosed and 11 biologically treated (46 girls and 17 boys) aged 1.5-18 years and 29 healthy children as a control group, appropriately matched in terms of sex and age, were included into the study. The disease activity was established on the basis of JADAS-27 criteria. Concentration of survivin was assessed by an ELISA test in serum and also 18 matched synovial fluid samples collected from patients with JIA.RESULTS: Children with JIA were divided according to the subtype of the JIA. In 65.7% of patients oligoarthritis was diagnosed. The largest group comprised children of low disease activity (62.9%) according to JADAS-27. The serum concentration of survivin was significantly higher in children with JIA compared to the controls (p<0.001). Concentration of survivin was higher among patients positive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibodies (ACPA) (p=0.001). In all synovial fluid samples the concentration of survivin was higher than in matched serum (p=0.003). Serum survivin concentration was not significantly associated with radiological damage status or active synovitis assessed by joint ultrasonography. Survivin level was not significantly associated with disease duration time or treatment with TNF-α inhibitors in DMARD’s non-responders. CONCLUSIONS: Survivin should be considered as a biomarker of joint inflammation helpful in the diagnosis of oligo- and polyatricular JIA and probably not dependent of treatment with TNF-α inhibitors.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Dietary Administration of Puerarin on Canine Osteoarthritis Model With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transected

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianwen Ma ◽  
Yajing Wen ◽  
Xiaopeng Song ◽  
Hailong Hu ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract BackgroundLameness caused by osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main causes of disability in elderly dogs. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are important tools in the treatment of canine OA. In recent years, due to the many side effects of NSAIDs, patients cannot tolerate or do not want to take the risk of NSAIDs. People are becoming more and more interested in new treatments for canine OA, and so-called nutritional supplements have emerged. Puerarin has a wide range of pharmacological activities and is often used as a clinical prescription drug and dietary supplement in China. However, the effect of puerarin on canine OA has not been evaluated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-cartilage degradation effects of puerarin in a canine OA model induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT), and to detect the serum inflammatory factor interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels and cartilage degradation biomarker C-terminal telopeptides of collagen type II (CTX-II), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and chondroitin sulfate 846 epitope (CS 846) levels in serum and synovial fluid at different periods of puerarin administration. ResultsEight weeks after the administration, the veterinarian performed clinical and imaging evaluations to comprehensively evaluate the protective effect of puerarin on canine OA. Daily oral administration of 20 mg/kg puerarin can significantly inhibit the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in serum within 8 weeks (P < 0.05), and its anti-inflammatory effect is similar to oral celecoxib (negative control group). Puerarin has a certain protective effect on articular cartilage and can reduce the level of biomarkers CTX-II, COMP and CS 846 in serum and synovial fluid in the early stage of OA (P < 0.05). In addition, the clinical scores and radiographs scores were significantly reduced after 8 weeks of puerarin treatment (P < 0.05). ConclusionsCanine OA cartilage may be mediated through anti-inflammatory, anti-metabolism and anabolic effects, and strongly down-regulate the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α and cartilage degradation biomarkers CTX-II, COMP and CS 846 are related, providing a good alternative therapy for OA.

scholarly journals Effect of inflammatory marker activity after intra-articular injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma in dogs with osteoarthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (08) ◽  
pp. 6285-2019
Author(s):  
MUSTAFA ARICAN ◽  
ATILLA ŞIMŞEK ◽  
KURTULUŞ PARLAK ◽  
KAMIL ATLI ◽  
GONCA SÖNMEZ
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Autologous Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Pg E2 ◽  
Autologous Platelet

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of lameness, pain, and dysfunction in dogs. To determine the levels of interleukin (IL) (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and prostaglandin E2 (PG-E2) in the synovial fluid after intra-articular injection of an autologous platelet-rich plasma concentrate to treat dogs with osteoarthritis. Twenty dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) were used as a materials. Fourteen dogs were used as a platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment group and 6 dogs were used as a control (0.9 % NaCl). PRP was obtained by the double centrifuge method. Affected joints were examined by radiography and ultrasonography. Lameness and pain severity were evaluated by attending clinicians. Samples were collected under sterile conditions at pre-treatment, days 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, and weeks 4, 8, and 12. The marker levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. No adverse effects of the injection of platelet concentrate or saline solution were observed. No significant differences were found in the Hudson Visual Analog Scale and Canine Brief Pain Inventory scores between weeks 0, 4, and 12 in the control dogs. No significant changes were observed in IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and PG-E2 levels (P>0.05) in synovial fluid from the PRP treatment group compared to synovial fluid from the control group, although fluctuations in parameter levels were observed in both groups. Despite some variable results in inflammatory parameters, clinical improvement was recorded in the PRP-treated group. PRP injection could be an effective and safe method for treatment of dogs with osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Concentration of survivin in children with oligo- and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA): diagnostic and prognostic value—a single-center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Lipinska ◽  
Marcin Kaszkowiak ◽  
Beata Malachowska ◽  
Joanna Swidrowska-Jaros ◽  
Elzbieta Smolewska
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Prognostic Utility ◽  
Radiological Damage

Abstract Aim The goal of the study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic utility of survivin in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods Seventy children with JIA—59 newly diagnosed and 11 biologically treated (46 girls and 17 boys) aged 1.5–18 years and 29 healthy children as a control group, appropriately matched in terms of sex and age, were included in the study. The disease activity was established on the basis of the JADAS-27 criteria. The concentration of survivin was assessed by an ELISA test in serum and also 18 matched synovial fluid samples collected from patients with JIA. Results Children with JIA were divided according to the subtype of the JIA. In 65.7% of patients, oligoarthritis was diagnosed. The largest group comprised children of low disease activity (62.9%) according to JADAS-27. The serum concentration of survivin was significantly higher in children with JIA compared to the controls (p < 0.001). The concentration of survivin was higher among patients positive for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibodies (ACPA) (p = 0.001). In all synovial fluid samples, the concentration of survivin was higher than in matched serum (p = 0.003). Serum survivin concentration was not significantly associated with radiological damage status or active synovitis assessed by joint ultrasonography. Survivin level was not significantly associated with disease duration time or treatment with TNF-α inhibitors in DMARD’s non-responders. Conclusions Survivin should be considered as a biomarker of joint inflammation helpful in the diagnosis of oligo- and polyarticular JIA and probably not dependent on treatment with TNF-α inhibitors.

scholarly journals Effects of adenovirus-mediated knockdown of IRAK4 on synovitis in the osteoarthritis rabbit model

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzhe Li ◽  
Huiyun Li ◽  
Xun Ran ◽  
Han Yin ◽  
Xuling Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Cartilage

Abstract Background The use of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) inhibitor as a treatment for the inflammatory joint disease is a promising method. However, its underlying mechanism in osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to look into the effects of adenovirus-mediated knockdown of IRAK4 on synovitis in the OA rabbit model. Methods Ad-shIRAK4 was injected two weeks after anterior cruciate ligament resection. Six weeks later, the rabbits were killed. The expression of IRAK4, TNFR-associated factor 6(TRAF6), TGF-activated kinase 1(TAK1), p-IKB kinase (p-IKK), p-nuclear factor kappa-B (p-NFκB), p38, and p-p38 in the synovial membrane was detected by western blot, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry analysis. Immunohistochemistry was to detect the expression of IRAK4 proteins in articular cartilage. H&E staining was to assess the pathological changes of synovium and cartilage. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and MMP-13 in the synovial fluid were measured by ELISA. X-ray and micro-computerized tomography (μCT) scans were used to assess knee joint conditions and microstructure of subchondral bone. Results IRAK4 expression levels in synovial tissues of the OA model group exhibited a significant upward trend. Ad-shIRAK4 significantly reduced IRAK4 mRNA expression in synovium tissues. Notably, Ad-shIRAK4 suppressed the Toll-like receptor/interleukin-1 receptor (TLR/IL-1R) signaling. In addition, in the Ad-shIRAK4 treatment group, we can see less inflammatory cell infiltration and reduced hyperplasia and angiogenesis. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and MMP-13 in the synovial fluid in the OA model group were significantly higher than that in the control group, which were reduced by Ad-shIRAK4 treatment. Finally, Results of HE stains, immunohistochemistry, and μCT showed that Ad-shIRAK4 treatment has a protective effect on cartilage damage. Conclusions IRAK4 is significantly upregulated in the synovium from the osteoarthritis rabbit model. In addition, Ad-shIRAK4 reduced the expression of IRAK4 and suppressed TLR/IL-1R signaling in the synovium from the osteoarthritis rabbit model. Ad-shIRAK4 could alleviate synovitis and cartilage degradation in the osteoarthritis rabbit model, and thus alleviate the symptoms of OA and prevent the progression of OA. Graphical abstract

Oxygen radicals participate in alloxan-induced pulmonary EDEMA

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
Tomoo Kawada ◽  
Michio Arakawa ◽  
Kenjiro Kambara ◽  
Takashi Segawa ◽  
Fumio Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Lung Water ◽  
Electron Microscopic

We know that alloxan causes increased-permeability pulmonary edema and that alloxan generates oxygen radicals (H2O2, O2−, ·OH) in blood. Therefore, we hypothesize that alloxan-generated oxygen radicals damage pulmonary capillary endothelial cells, and, possibly, alveolar epithelial cells as well. We examined whether oxygen radical scavengers, such as catalase or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), protected against alloxaninduced pulmonary edema.Five dogs in each following group were anesthetized: control group: physiological saline (20ml/kg/h); alloxan group: physiological saline + alloxan (75mg/kg) bolus injection at the beginning of the experiment; catalase group: physiological saline + catalase (150,000u/kg) bolus injection before injection of alloxan; DMSO group: physiological saline + DMSO (0.4mg/kg) bolus injection before alloxan. All dogs had 30-min baseline period and 3-h intervention period. Hemodynamics and circulating substances were measured at the specific points of time. At the end of intervention period, the dogs were killed and had the lungs removed for electron microscopic study and lung water measurement with direct destructive method.

Expression and Significance of Th17 Cells and Related Factors in Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihong An
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Total Bilirubin ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Tnf Α

Objective: This study aims to investigate the expression and clinical significance of Th17 cells and related factors in peripheral blood of patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH). Methods: A retrospective selection of 100 patients with AIH were included as a study group, and 100 healthy volunteers in the outpatient clinic were selected as the control group. The levels of IL- 17, IL-6, IL-21 and TNF-α in peripheral blood of all subjects were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the frequency of Th17 cells and Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results: Results showed that the study group had higher levels of serum total bilirubin (TBil), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ -glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GT), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) than the control group, as well as higher levels of IL-17, IL-6, IL-21 and TNF-α in serum. The frequency of Th17 cells in peripheral blood was higher in the study group, while the frequency of Treg cells was lower. Also, serum IL-17, TNF-α levels and Th17 cells frequency were positively correlated with ALT and AST, whereas Treg cells frequency were negatively correlated with ALT and AST levels. Conclusion: Our finding demonstrates that Th17 cell frequency and their related factors IL-17 and TNF-α, are associated with liver damage, which might be used to monitor AIH disease severity.

Effect of Chinese Herbal Monomer Hairy Calycosin on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Rats and its Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Zhi-Hong Xie ◽  
Chen-Yuan Liu ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Model Control

Background: Chinese herbal monomer hairy Calycosin is a flavonoid extracted from Radix astragali. Aims and Scope: The aim of the research was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Hairy Calycosin on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Dieases (NAFLD) in rats. Materials and Methods: 60 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, then NAFLD rat models were prepared and treated with different doses of Hairy Calycosin (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg) or Kathyle relatively. Results: Both 1.0 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg Hairy Calycosin treatment could significantly increase the serum Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) content of the model rats and reduce the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Free Fatty Acid (FFA), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and liver homogenate malondialdehyde (MDA), while 2.0 mg/kg Hairy Calycosin can down-regulate liver tissue cytochrome p450 2E1 (CYP2E1). In the electron microscope, compared with the model control group, the mitochondrial swelling in the hepatocytes of Hairy Calycosin (1.0, 2.0 mg/kg) treatment group was significantly reduced, the ridge on the inner membrane of mitochondria increased, and the lipid droplets became much smaller. Conclusion: Hairy Calycosin can effectively control the lipid peroxidation in liver tissues of rats with NAFLD, and reduce the levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6, MDA and FFA, effectively improve the steatosis and inflammation of liver tissue, and down-regulate the expression of CYP2E1, inhibit apoptosis of hepatocytes.

Assessment of Key Elements in the Innate Immunity System Among Patients with HIV, HCV, and Coinfections of HIV/HCV

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Maryam Moradi ◽  
Alireza Tabibzadeh ◽  
Davod Javanmard ◽  
Saied Ghorbani ◽  
Farah Bokharaei-Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Immunity Genes ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Hcv Coinfection

Background: Coinfection of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has a higher risk of mortality than HCV or HIV monoinfection. HCV and HIV infections are specified by systemic inflammation, but the inflammation process in HCV/HIV coinfection is much complicated and is not well characterized. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of TLR-3, TLR-7, IL-10, IFN-1 (IFN-α, IFN-β), and TNF-α in HIV, HCV and HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Methods: Forty-five patients including HIV group (n=15), HCV group (n=15), HIV/HCV coinfection group (n=15) and healthy control group (n=15) participated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained. PBMC-RNA, HCV and HIV RNA were extracted from all subjects and cDNA was synthesized. The viral load analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and the expression levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, TLR-3, TLR-7, TNF, and IL-10 mRNA were quantified in PBMCs. Results: The levels of IFN-I, IL-10, and TNF-α were overexpressed in all patients’ groups (P<0.05), TLR-7 was upregulated in all groups, but this upregulation was not statistically significant (p>0.05). TLR-3 showed a decrease in all patient groups (P<0.05). The statistical analysis demonstrated that TLR-3 has a negative correlation with HIV load, whereas other genes positively correlated with HIV load. In addition, TLR-3, TNF-α, and IFN-I were negatively correlated with HCV load, whereas TLR-7 and IL-10 s were positively correlated with HCV load. Conclusion: Our results showed a significant relationship between the expression level of innate immunity genes and inflammation in HCV, HIV, and HIV/HCV coinfected patients.

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