scholarly journals Squeezing Italian dictionaries in search of citrus juice and fruit

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-135
Author(s):  
Elisa Corino ◽  
Carla Marello
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Citrus Juice ◽  
Lexical Variation ◽  
Bilingual Dictionaries ◽  
Precise Meaning ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Southern Mediterranean

Abstract Southern Mediterranean regions significantly differ from the northern countries not only for their climate, but also and foremost for the influence that the latter has on the landscape and the products that are related to it. Dictionaries should relate the lexical variation used to describe the variety of landscapes and their characteristics, thus reflecting the peculiarities of a given territory. This paper deals with the variety of citrus fruits that can be found in the Italian landscapes, with particular attention to the lexicographic treatment that they receive in both monolingual and bilingual dictionaries, where a precise meaning is not always registered and the treatment of the superordinate agrume (pl. agrumi) is controversial: its taxonomic status seems not to be recognized and fully exploited in dictionary articles.

scholarly journals Nano Porous Carbon Derived from Citrus Pomace for the Separation and Purification of PMFs in Citrus Processing Wastes

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1914
Author(s):  
Zhenqing Li ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Lulu Qiu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Zhiqin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Porous Carbons ◽  
Citrus Juice ◽  
Juice Processing ◽  
Processing Wastes ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The by-product of citrus juice processing is a huge source of bioactive compounds, especially polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) and fibers. In this study, a method for the separation and purification of PMFs from citrus pomace was established based on citrus nanoporous carbon (CNPC) enrichment. Different biomass porous carbons were synthesized, their adsorption/desorption characteristics were evaluated, and the CNPCs from the peel of Citrus tangerina Tanaka were found to be best for the enrichment of PMFs from the crude extracts of citrus pomace. Using this method, six PMF compounds including low-abundant PMFs in citrus fruits such as 5,6,7,4′-tetramethoxyflavone and 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3′,4′-pentamethoxyflavone can be simultaneously obtained, and the purities of these compounds were all higher than 95%, with the highest purity of nobiletin reaching 99.96%. Therefore, CNPCs have a great potential for the separation and purification of PMFs in citrus processing wastes, potentially improving the added value of citrus wastes. We also provide a method reference for disposing of citrus pomace in the future.

Effects of curd on diarrhea treatment in patients with head trauma receiving enteral feeding in intensive care units

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ghafouri Taleghani ◽  
Abdolreza Norouzy ◽  
Fariborz Samini ◽  
Mohsen Nematy ◽  
Mohammad Safarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Enteral Formula ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea in patients on enteral feeding is a common complication with serious clinical outcomes. In Eastern and Southern Mediterranean regions, using curd as a food for the treatment of diarrhea is a common practice. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate whether curd could reduce the duration or severity of diarrhea in critically ill tube-fed patients with head trauma. METHODS: A total of 42 patients on enteral feeding who had diarrhea after starting enteral feeding, admitted to the intensive care unit, were randomly assigned to either to receiving curd and standard enteral formula or standard enteral formula only groups. The intervention period for each patient was three days. The primary outcome was the duration of diarrhea, while the secondary outcomes were the frequency and weight of stool per day in each patient. RESULTS: This study showed a significantly higher stool weight in patients receiving enteral curd (588.76±266.88 vs 390.60±171.82 gr/day). There was no significant difference between the groups in duration of diarrhea (9 v 8 days) and episodes of diarrhea per day (2.20±1.00 vs 2.00±0.70) in intervention and control groups. incidence of liquid or loose stools on days 1–4 of the intervention (P1 = 0.43, P2 = 0.16, P3 = 0.45, P4 = 0.62). Feeding with curd did not change the APACHE score in intervention and control groups. This study showed no significant difference in 28 days of mortality in intervention and control groups. CONCLUSION: The findings showed that supplementary enteral feeding with curd did not improve diarrhea, the severity of the disease, or 28 days mortality in critically ill patients with diarrhea receiving enteral nutrition.

scholarly journals Molecular phylogeny and evolutionary history ofMoricandiaDC (Brassicaceae)

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Perfectti ◽  
José M. Gómez ◽  
Adela González-Megías ◽  
Mohamed Abdelaziz ◽  
Juan Lorite
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
East Central ◽  
F Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Mediterranean Regions ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
African Clade

BackgroundThe phylogeny of tribe Brassiceae (Brassicaceae) has not yet been resolved because of its complex evolutionary history. This tribe comprises economically relevant species, including the genusMoricandiaDC. This genus is currently distributed in North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia and Southern Europe, where it is associated with arid and semi-arid environments. Although some species ofMoricandiahave been used in several phylogenetic studies, the phylogeny of this genus is not well established.MethodsHere we present a phylogenetic analysis of the genusMoricandiausing a nuclear (the internal transcribed spacers of the ribosomal DNA) and two plastidial regions (parts of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit F gene and thetrnT-trnF region). We also included in the analyses members of their sister genusRytidocarpusand from the close genusEruca.ResultsThe phylogenetic analyses showed a clear and robust phylogeny of the genusMoricandia. The Bayesian inference tree was concordant with the maximum likelihood and timing trees, with the plastidial and nuclear trees showing only minor discrepancies. The genusMoricandiaappears to be formed by two main lineages: the Iberian clade including three species, and the African clade including the four species inhabiting the Southern Mediterranean regions plusM. arvensis.DiscussionWe dated the main evolutionary events of this genus, showing that the origin of the Iberian clade probably occurred after a range expansion during the Messinian period, between 7.25 and 5.33 Ma. In that period, an extensive African-Iberian floral and faunal interchange occurred due to the existence of land bridges between Africa and Europa in what is, at present-days, the Strait of Gibraltar. We have demonstrated that a Spanish population previously ascribed toRytidocarpus moricandioidesis indeed aMoricandiaspecies, and we propose to name it asM. rytidocarpoidessp. nov. In addition, in all the phylogenetic analyses,M. foleyiappeared outside theMoricandialineage but within the genusEruca. Therefore,M. foleyishould be excluded from the genusMoricandiaand be ascribed, at least provisionally, to the genusEruca.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular differentiation of the croatian populations of Ouercus pubescens Willd. (Fagaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josip Franjić ◽  
Zlatko Liber ◽  
Željko Škvorc ◽  
Marilena Idžojtić ◽  
Renata Šoštarić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Molecular Variation ◽  
Quercus Pubescens ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Rapd Pcr ◽  
Southern Mediterranean

Taxonomy of the genus <em>Quercus</em> L. is very complicated and often controversial because of its great variability and intense gene flow among the related species. The purpose of this research was to determine morphological and molecular variation, relationships and taxonomic status of the Croatian populations of <em>Quercus pubescens</em> Willd. using morphological analysis of the leaves and RAPD-PCR technique. The results of the morphological and molecular analyses were very similar, both showing differentiation of the southern (Mediterranean) from the northern (Continental) pubescent oak populations. These two groups were clearly separated and the estimated gene flow among the populations that belong to different groups (Nm=1.38) is significantly less than among the populations that belong to the same group (Nm=3.70). The obtained results were compared to the available studies. This study confirms a high variability of the <em>Q. pubescens</em> populations, but differences were not so big to confirm the opinion of existence of several species in this area. The conclusion is that the southern Croatian populations could be pure <em>Q. pubescens</em> populations, while the peculiarities of the northern Croatian populations originate probably from the <em>Q. petraea</em> introgression.

Cosmetic applications of selected Various Citrus fruits

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
CW Lee ◽  
HS Kim ◽  
DH Kim ◽  
GO Kim ◽  
SY Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruits

The hydroid research of American naturalist Samuel F. Clarke, 1851–1928

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALE R. CALDER ◽  
LESTER D. STEPHENS
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Marine Biological Laboratory ◽  
Spotted Salamander ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
American Naturalist ◽  
American Schools ◽  
American Society

Samuel Fessenden Clarke was the leading specialist on hydroids (phylum Cnidaria) in North America over the last quarter of the nineteenth century. During that period he published taxonomic papers on hydroids from both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the continent, from the Gulf of Mexico, and from the eastern Pacific off Central and South America. He also authored a section on hydrozoan biology for “The Riverside Natural History” series. Most of his papers on hydroids were published while he was in his twenties. Clarke described as new 61 nominal species, three nominal genera, and one nominal family, as well as two “varieties” of hydroids. A list of these, and their current taxonomic status, appears in the present work. Clarke consistently provided sound descriptions and locality data for all supposed new species, and drew accurate illustrations of most of them. His research on Hydrozoa, beyond alphataxonomy, was directed towards faunal distributions and the use of hydroid assemblages as biogeographic indicators. In addition to investigations on hydroids, Clarke carried out research on the developmental biology of amphibians and reptiles. His doctoral dissertation at Johns Hopkins University was based on the embryology of the “Spotted Salamander” (=Yellow-spotted Salamander), and he published a major paper on the habits and embryology of the American Alligator. Most of Clarke's career was devoted to academic duties at Williams College, Massachusetts, where he was recognized as a dedicated and inspiring teacher. He served the American Society of Naturalists in various capacities, including a term as its president, was an influential trustee of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, and promoted the study of science in American schools.

Notes on the molecular taxonomy of the Proclossiana eunomia complex (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae: Argynnini): analysis of DNA barcodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Yakovlev ◽  
N. A. Shapoval ◽  
G. N. Kuftina ◽  
A. V. Kulak ◽  
S. V. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Proclossiana Eunomia

The Proclossiana eunomia (Esper, 1799) complex is currently composed of the several subspecies distributed throughout Palaearсtic region and North America. Despite the fact that some of the taxa have differences in wing pattern and body size, previous assumptions on taxonomy not supported by molecular data. Therefore, the identity of certain populations of this complex has remained unclear and the taxonomic status of several recently described taxa is debated. Here, we provide insights into systematics of some Palaearctic members of this group using molecular approach, based on the analysis of the barcoding fragment of the COI gene taking into account known morphological differences.

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