scholarly journals Genotype X Environment Interaction for Yield of Pickling Cucumber in 24 U.S. Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Dia ◽  
Todd C. Wehner ◽  
Gary W. Elmstrom ◽  
August Gabert ◽  
James E. Motes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
R Programming ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Reliable yield performance is important in cucumber because seed companies prefer to market cultivars adapted to multiple rather than single regions of the U.S. Also, growers benefit by using a cultivar that performs well in many environments. Future performance of cultivars is also important. The objectives of the study were to (i) evaluate the yield of cucumber genotypes over successive years and in different locations, and (ii) identify cucumber genotypes with high stability for yield. A diverse set of 22 pickling genotypes was evaluated over 3 years (1986, 1987 and 1988) and in 7 locations across the United States. Yield traits were evaluated using once-over harvest and counting the number of fruit that were marketable, culled or oversize. Total yield, marketable yield (total minus culled fruit), early yield (number of oversize fruit), percent culls and fruit per plant were calculated. Data were analyzed with SASGxE and RGxE programs using SAS and R programming languages, respectively. There were strong effects of environment(E) as well as genotype(G) xE interaction for all traits. Genotypes ‘Regal F1’, ‘Calypso F1’, ‘Carolina F1’, ‘Gy 3’, ‘Gy 14’ and ‘Fremont F1’ had high marketable yield and medium to high stability for all traits. There was an advantage of hybrids over inbreds for trait performance. Hybrids fell into a single cluster with large prediction intervals. Based on the stability statistics and divisive clusters, it appears possible to breed stable cucumber genotypes with high yield. The genotype with highest performance for marketable yield, greatest stability for yield, lowest 1-R2 ratio value (diverse and representative) were ‘Marbel F1’ and Gy 14.

scholarly journals GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT AND STABILITY ANALYSES OF DRYLAND MAIZE HYBRIDS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Amzeri ◽  
◽  
B.S. DARYONO ◽  
M. SYAFII ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
The Stability

The phenotypic analysis of new candidate varieties at multiple locations could provide information on the stability of their genotypes. We evaluated the stability of 11 maize hybrid candidates in five districts in East Java Province, Indonesia. Maize hybrids with high yield potential and early maturity traits derived from a diallel cross were planted in a randomized complete block design with two checks (Srikandi Kuning and BISI-2) as a single factor with four replicates. The observed traits were grain yield per hectare and harvest age. The effects of environment, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on yield were highly significant (P < 0.01). KTM-1, KTM-2, KTM-4, KTM-5, and KTM-6 showed higher average grain yield per hectare than the checks (Srikandi Kuning = 8.49 ton ha−1 and BISI-2 = 7.32 ton ha−1) at five different locations. The average harvest age of 11 candidates was less than 100 days. KTM-4 and KTM-5 had production yields that were higher than the average yield of all genotypes in all environments (Yi > 7.78 tons ha−1) and were considered stable on the basis of three stability parameters, i.e., Finlay–Wilkinson, Eberhart–Russell, and additive main effect multiplicative interaction (AMMI). KTM-2 had the highest yield among all tested genotypes (9.33 ton ha−1) and was considered as stable on the basis of AMMI but not on the basis of Finlay–Wilkinson and Eberhart–Russell. KTM-1 performed well only in Pamekasan, whereas KTM-6 performed well only in Sampang. Thus, these two genotypes could be targeted for these specific locations.

Selecting stable and high-yielding sorghum cultivars for the semi-arid tropics

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-762
Author(s):  
O. P. Dangi ◽  
R. I. Hamilton ◽  
C. S. Lin ◽  
D. Andre ◽  
J. J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
High Yield ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
The North ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Northern Cameroon ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Extreme North

A sorghum breeding program was reactivated in 1981 and selected cultivars, along with local checks, were evaluated in two experiments in the sorghum growing region of northern Cameroon. Experiment 1 was conducted in the Extreme North Province where annual rainfall ranges from 450 to 850 mm. Experiment 2 was conducted in the North Province where annual rainfall exceeds 850 mm. The objective of the study was to select a high yield and high stability sorghum cultivar for each region. The cultivar's responses were investigated using two analyses: the adaptability analysis and the stability analysis. The former used the method of superiority measure, defined by distance mean square between the test cultivar and the maximum (the highest yield in the location), and the latter used type 4 stability parameter, defined by the years within location mean square averaged over all locations. The conceptual separation of adaptability and stability facilitated the cultivars assessment. The results showed that in exp. 1, three cultivars S–35, CS–54 and CS–61 had similar adaptability and stability, while in the exp. 2, S–34 was best in terms of yield but was unstable due to susceptibility to grain mold. In contrast, the second best cultivar CS–63 was poorer in the high-yielding environments but was more stable than S–34. Key words: Sorghum, genotype-environment interaction, adaptability, stability parameters

YIELD STABILITY IN INTERCROPPING STUDIES OF SORGHUM OR MAIZE WITH COWPEA OR COMMON BEAN UNDER DIFFERENT FERTILITY LEVELS IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. FARIS ◽  
M. R. A. de ARAÚJO ◽  
M. de A. LIRA ◽  
A. S. S. ARCOVERE
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Experimental evidence on yield stability of intercropping is sparse. This work was carried out to examine the stability of four intercrop patterns: maize (Zea mays L.)/cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp); maize/common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.); sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)/cowpea; and, sorghum/common bean against their component crops. Twenty-one trials were established from 1974 to 1978. The mean relative yield advantage of intercropping patterns as indicated by the land equivalent ratio (LER) was 32%. The combined analysis of variance for the absolute total yields revealed that most of the pattern × environment interaction is accounted for by the heterogeneity of regressions. Pulses were less responsive to environmental change. However, cereals were more responsive to improvement in the environment resulting in increased yield. The regression lines of the intercropping patterns and sole cereals were closer to each other, due to the low yield contribution of the pulses to the intercropping total yield. However, the slopes of the intercropping pattern lines were closer to b = 1.0. On the basis of mean yield and regression slope, it was demonstrated that sole cereals or intercropping have better performance stability than sole pulses in northeastern Brazil.Key words: Stability, intercropping, sorghum, maize, cowpea, common bean

scholarly journals Genotype by environment interaction for seed yield per plant in rapeseed using AMMI model

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Marjanović-Jeromela ◽  
Nevena Nagl ◽  
Jelica Gvozdanović-Varga ◽  
Nikola Hristov ◽  
Ankica Kondić-Špika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype By Environment

The objective of this study was to assess genotype by environment interaction for seed yield per plant in rapeseed cultivars grown in Northern Serbia by the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) model. The study comprised 19 rapeseed genotypes, analyzed in seven years through field trials arranged in a randomized complete block design, with three replicates. Seed yield per plant of the tested cultivars varied from 1.82 to 19.47 g throughout the seven seasons, with an average of 7.41 g. In the variance analysis, 72.49% of the total yield variation was explained by environment, 7.71% by differences between genotypes, and 19.09% by genotype by environment interaction. On the biplot, cultivars with high yield genetic potential had positive correlation with the seasons with optimal growing conditions, while the cultivars with lower yield potential were correlated to the years with unfavorable conditions. Seed yield per plant is highly influenced by environmental factors, which indicates the adaptability of specific genotypes to specific seasons.

scholarly journals Evaluation of stability in maize hybrids using univariate parametric methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Habib Shojaei ◽  
Khodadad Mostafavi ◽  
Amirparviz Lak ◽  
Ali Omrani ◽  
Saeed Omrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
The Stability

AbstractGenotype × environment interaction is one of the complex issues of breeding programs to produce high-yielding and compatible cultivars. Interaction of genotype × environment and make the more accurate selection, the performance and stability of hybrids need to be considered simultaneously. This study aimed to investigate stable genotypes with yield using 12 maize hybrids in different climatic conditions of Iran. The experimental design used was a randomized complete blocks design in three replications in two cropping years in Karaj, Birjand, Shiraz, and Arak stations. The simple analysis of variance performed on grain yield of genotypes indicated that all hybrids studied each year and station were significantly different in grain yield. Also, the combined analysis results showed a significant effect on the environment, the effects of genotype, and the interaction of genotype × environment and t in the studied hybrids different. Comparing Duncan's mean on the data obtained from the research, KSC705 genotypes with an average yield of 7.21 and KSC704 genotype with an average yield of 7.04 were identified as high yield cultivars. In order to identify stable cultivars, six stability parameters were used. KSC260 and KSC707 genotypes had stability Based on the environmental variance, also had stability based KSC705, KSC707 genotype on environmental the coefficient of variation, and KSC260 genotypes had stability based methods of genotype and environment interaction. As well as based on Eberhart and Russell regression coefficient had the stability to KSC400 and SC647 genotypes. Also, they were identified as the most stable genotypes based on the detection coefficient method, KSC707, and KSC703 genotypes.

scholarly journals Change of Melon Agrobiological Indicators Depending on Feeding Area of Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
A. Pahlevanyan ◽  
G. Martirosyan ◽  
L. Tadevosyan ◽  
I. Vardanian
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
High Density ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Feeding Area

The purpose of this work is to study and identify the optimal method of sowing and plant feeding surface in seed-production of melon crop, providing a high yield of healthy varietal seeds with a low self-cost. The experiments were carried out in 2018–2020. on the experimental fields of the Scientific Center of Vegetable and Industrial Crops of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Armenia. The influence of the sowing scheme 200+80/2×60, 200+80/2×80 and 200+80/2×100 cm on phenological and quality indicators, fruit and seed productivity, average fruit weight, and resistance to diseases was studied. The study object was mid-early ripening melon variety Arpi, which is distinguished by high productivity and taste quality. The control was the sowing scheme 200+80/2×80 cm, which is generally accepted in the agricultural technology of melon cultivation in the Ararat valley. It was found that in case of low-density planting of plants (1.4 m2), the weight of one fruit is the heaviest (4.0 kg), but the productivity of the fruits is reduced by 11.6% in comparison with the control, and in case of high-density planting by 19.3%. Meanwhile, as the feeding area of one plant increases, in relation to the total yield the marketable yield increases, respectively 92.3%; 94.1% and 95.3%. The results of the experiments allow us to state the fact that high density of the seed producing field (feeding area 0.84 m2) contributes to an increase of seed yield by 27.3% compared to the control, to some extent reducing the self cost of seeds, however significant changes in quality indicators of the Arpi variety were not found. In its turn, early diagnosis of diseases based on the modern PCR method allows to take protective measures in time and accordingly contributes to the production of healthy seeds.

scholarly journals GGE-BIPLOT OF MULTIVARIATE INDEX TO SELECT MAIZE PROGENIES FOR EFFICIENT ASSOCIATION WITH Azospirillum brasiliense1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-751
Author(s):  
FELIPE CECCON ◽  
LIVIA MARIA CHAMMA DAVIDE ◽  
MANOEL CARLOS GONÇALVES ◽  
ADRIANO DOS SANTOS ◽  
ELAINE PINHEIRO REIS LOURENTE
Keyword(s):  
Selection Index ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Maize is widely cultivated in Brazil, and nitrogen is a major nutrient for its yield. Azospirillum brasiliense bacteria help in plant nutrient supply; however, maize-Azospirillum symbiosis is not very efficient and requires selection of genotypes with a more efficient association. Multivariate indexes facilitate selection using a single value, and GGE-biplot analysis enables the visualization of the genotype-environment interaction from this value. The present study aimed to select progenies that effectively associate with the bacteria and study the efficiency of progeny selection using a multivariate index observed in the GGE-biplot method. The experiments were conducted in two cities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. In a simple 16 × 16 lattice, 256 genotypes were evaluated in the presence and absence of diazotrophic bacteria. PH, SL, SD, FI, HGM, SS, and GY were measured for the construction of a selection index. Genotypes exhibited significant genotype–environment interactions for all evaluated traits, allowing their use in the selection index. High-yield genotypes were not those with the highest selection index values. The traits GY, SD, HGM, SS, SL, and PH contributed the most to the construction of the index. The no-till system may have contributed to the weaker response of maize inoculated with Azospirillum brasiliense. Genotype 96 had the highest values of the characteristics used to calculate the GISI, along with the stability between environments.

scholarly journals A Method for Breeding New Cultivars of Machine-harvested Raspberries with High Yield

2012 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Joseph Stephens ◽  
Peter A. Alspach ◽  
Ron A. Beatson ◽  
Chris Winefield ◽  
Emily J. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
The United States ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
The 1960S

The Pacific northwestern (PNW) region of the United States is well known for production of machine-harvested red raspberries (Rubus idaeus) for process markets. The cultivar Meeker, developed in the 1960s, is well suited to this area and for machine-harvesting, but it is susceptible to raspberry bushy dwarf virus and root rot caused by Phytophthora rubi. Despite the efforts of several breeding programs, ‘Meeker’ is still the predominant cultivar for commercial production in the PNW. One of the major difficulties with breeding new berry fruit cultivars is the time-consuming nature of collecting fruit yield and quality data on large seedling populations. For fruit yield, visual scoring assessment methods are commonly used for seedling populations, but these may be poor predictors of yield. Consequently, visual scores for yield can result in less genetic improvement and thus can adversely affect successful cultivar development. Total yield measured by hand-harvesting is labor-intensive and does not assess machine-harvestability, but machine-harvesting is not practical to measure on individual plants. In this study we set out to see if we could bulk machine-harvest full-sib family plots for among-family selection and use yield component data on individuals within the plots for within-family selection. Using best linear unbiased predictors, we estimated machine-harvest yield breeding values for our individual seedlings and found higher genetic gain per generation using estimated individual machine-harvest breeding values (7.6%) than using hand-harvested breeding values (6.5%). Implications for breeding machine-harvest red raspberries are discussed.

scholarly journals Genotype–Environment Interactions for Tree Growth and Leaf Phytochemical Content of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Mingming Zhou ◽  
Pei Chen ◽  
Xulan Shang ◽  
Wanxia Yang ◽  
Shengzuo Fang
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cyclocarya Paliurus ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Superior Genotype ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Stability

Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal.) Iljinskaja, as a woody tree species, has various health-promoting phytochemicals and is commonly used in tea production in China. A field trial for C. paliurus was conducted at two typical sites to evaluate genotype × environmental interaction (GEI) effects and identify the stability and adaptability of 13 families. The genotype main effects and genotype × environment interaction effects (GGE) were used to analyze the GEI effects for tree height, diameter at breast height (DBH), and leaf flavonoid and triterpenoid contents. Two-way analysis of variance indicated that the tree growth and leaf phytochemical contents were mainly affected by genotype and GEI. Based on the results of GGE, the JH1 family had high mean values and high stability in total flavonoid and total triterpenoid accumulations, while the KM4 family exhibited high means and high stability in tree height and DBH growth, as well as high means and medium stability in total triterpenoid content. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that the annual mean DBH was significantly and positively correlated with leaf phytochemical content in C. paliurus when all data for the 13 families at the two sites were used. Our results suggest that JH1 should be mainly extended as a superior genotype for the production of flavonoids and triterpenoids in the leaves, while KM4 could be spread for timber production or leaf triterpenoid production. This study provides useful information on the selection of C. paliurus genotypes in target sites and cultivation strategies for establishing oriented plantations.

Stability of radical anions derived from substituted 5-nitrofurans investigated by ESR spectroscopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1594-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Klíma ◽  
Larisa Baumane ◽  
Janis Stradinš ◽  
Jiří Volke ◽  
Romualds Gavars
Keyword(s):  
Radical Anion ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Esr Spectroscopy ◽  
Reaction Path ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Radical Anions ◽  
Second Order Reaction ◽  
Unpaired Electron Density ◽  
The Stability

It has been found that the decay in dimethylformamide and dimethylformamide-water mixtures of radical anions in five of the investigated 5-nitrofurans is governed by a second-order reaction. Only the decay of the radical anion generated from 5-nitro-2-furfural III may be described by an equation including parallel first- and second-order reactions; this behaviour is evidently caused by the relatively high stability of the corresponding dianion, this being an intermediate in the reaction path. The presence of a larger conjugated system in the substituent in position 2 results in a decrease of the unpaired electron density in the nitro group and, consequently, an increase in the stability of the corresponding radical anions.

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