scholarly journals Growth, chlorophyll content and productivity responses of maize to magnesium sulphate application in calcareous soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 792-800
Author(s):  
Niaz Ahmed ◽  
Umama Habib ◽  
Uzma Younis ◽  
Inam Irshad ◽  
Subhan Danish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Amino Acid Synthesis ◽  
Soil Application

AbstractMagnesium (Mg) is an essential plant macronutrient responsible for modulating many physiological or biochemical processes such as photosynthetic activity, amino acid synthesis and nucleotide metabolism. Agricultural soils with a more-than-adequate availability of calcium (Ca) have inherent Mg deficiency, potentially resulting in overall reduced soil productivity and crop yield potential. We conducted a field experiment to investigate the optimum soil application of Mg to increase crop growth and productivity under calcareous soil conditions. In addition to recommended soil application of mineral fertilizers, we applied the following four levels of Mg to the soil in the form of anhydrous MgSO4: control, 4 kg Mg ha−1 (Mg4), 8 kg Mg ha−1 (Mg8) and 16 kg Mg ha−1 (Mg16). Results showed that Mg16 application enhanced the plant height (21%), number of grains (18%), 1,000 grains weight (20%), grain yield (20%) and biological yield (9%) over control (p ≤ 0.05). Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were generally higher at the Mg8 and Mg16 levels than at the control level. Contrasting to increases in growth traits, the concentration of K significantly decreased in grains, leaves and shoots of maize along the soil’s Mg gradient (p ≤ 0.05). We suggest that Mg16 overcomes the deficiency of soil Mg and can increase the crop yield traits in calcareous soils. More investigations of the effect of soil Mg on various crops grown in calcareous soils may add to our knowledge related to the stressing impact of soil Mg on plant K concentration.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar application of zinc oxide on growth and photosynthetic traits of cherry tomato under calcareous soil conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Hasan Sardar ◽  
Safina Naz ◽  
Shaghef Ejaz ◽  
Omer Farooq ◽  
Atique-ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
B Vitamin

Tomato is considered as a valuable vegetable crop all over the world. It prefers loose, well drained loamy soils rich in organic matter. In Pakistan, mostly soils are calcareous in nature. In calcareous soils, the production of tomato crop is low because of zinc deficiency. Therefore, current study was aimed to examine the potential of foliar application of zinc oxide in tomato cultivar Tiny Tim Cherry in calcareous soil conditions. In the current study, all the studied traits i.e. plant height, stem diameter, number of branches per plant, number of leaves, number of flowers per plant, fruit weight and yield per plant were significantly higher after foliar application of zinc oxide (30 ppm) and significantly lower in controlled treatment as compared to other treatments of zinc oxide. The maximum total soluble solids (TSS), chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, vitamin C, flavonoids, carotenoids and phenolics were recorded in plants treated with 30 ppm of zinc oxide as compared to other treatments. However, the highest acidity was calculated in 10 ppm, while the lowest acidity was measured in 0 ppm (control). Conclusively, foliar application of Zn has potential to increase the nutritional components of tomato fruits.

scholarly journals Dissection of the Contributing Factors to the Variable Response of Crop Yield to Surface Applied Lime in Australia

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 829
Author(s):  
Yvette M. Oliver ◽  
Chris Gazey ◽  
James Fisher ◽  
Michael Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Potential Yield

Modern agricultural farming systems acidify the soil profile due to application of fertilisers with acidifying properties. In most parts of Australia, lime has been used to improve agricultural soil conditions and restore its productive potential. The observed response of crop yield to applied lime often varies with soil type, acidity profile and seasonal conditions, so it is difficult to specify the expected yield response in a given situation. We conducted a meta-analysis of 86 agricultural field trials from Western Australia (WA), New South Wales (NSW) and Victoria (VIC) where various rates of lime had been applied to the soil surface and crop yield (wheat, barley, canola, lupin or field pea) measured for a number of years after the initial application. Information from the meta-analysis was then paired with output from a crop simulation model, where the water-limited yield potential was estimated for both a neutral and acidified soil profile. The average increase in yield to applied lime across all locations and crops was 12%, but the response ranged from 0 to 185%. A trend was observed, where sites with topsoil pH (CaCl2) < 5 and subsoil pH < 4.5 had the greater benefit to liming. Soil type had little effect on the percentage yield increase. Overall, responses to applied lime were most likely when the yield of the trial site was at 50% of water-limited yield potential (or less), the quantity of lime applied was greater than 2.5 t ha−1 and the time since lime had been applied was greater than three years (with the maximum response occurring from four and sometimes up to eight years after liming). Therefore, soil pH measurements, combined with an assessment of actual yield relative to potential yield, provide the best guide to the response to surface applied lime and this response is likely to take more than four years to be realised.

scholarly journals Water Footprint of main crops in Austria / Wasser-Fußabdruck wichtiger Nutzpflanzen in Österreich

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Thaler ◽  
Anne Gobin ◽  
Josef Eitzinger
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
The Impact

Summary Water is a key resource for human activities and a critical trigger for the welfare of the whole society. The agricultural sector makes up the main share in global freshwater consumption and is therefore responsible for a large part of the water scarcity in many drought prone regions. As an indicator that relates human consumption to global water resources, the “Water Footprint” (WF) concept can be used, where in case of crop production the total consumed water of crop fields for the crop growing seasons is related to the harvested dry matter crop yield (such as grains). In our study, we simulated the green and primary blue WF of selected main crops for Austrian conditions. Different irrigation scheduling scenarios, demonstrated for a main agricultural production area and various crops in Austria with significant irrigation acreage, were studied. The impact of climate and soil conditions on the green crop WFs of reference crops over the whole territory of Austria were simulated in a second step. Sunflower, winter wheat and grain maize showed the highest WF in the semi-arid study regions, especially on soils with low water capacity. In more humid regions, low temperatures were the main limiting factor on the crop yield potential and frequently led to higher WFs due to lower yields.

scholarly journals Soil application of boron impacts its solubility, yield and fibre quality of cotton in calcareous soils of North-western India

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1534-1543
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
K.S. Sekhon ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
Western India ◽  
Fibre Quality ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
North Western

Aim: To investigate that application of boron (0-2.5 mg kg-1 soil, as borax and granubor) to calcareous soil in North-western India affectes its solubility in soil, yield and fibre quality characters of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Methodology: A field study was conducted to estimate and enumerate the influence of B application (as borax and granubor @ 0-2.5 mg B kg-1 soil; B0-B2.5) on cotton yield and yield contributing attributes ascribed to change in different fractions of variable solubility in B deficient (available B=0.21 mg kg-1) calcareous sandy loam soil. This field experiment was set up in a plot size of 2.7m X 3.75 m with three replications arranged in RBD in factorial combinations. Results: Mean lint and cotton seed yield increased significantly under B1.0, compared with control (B0). Boron concentration in roots, leaves, petioles, bolls, sympodial and monopodial branches, seeds and lint increased significantly (p<0.05) with 1.0 mg B kg-1 application (B1.0). Boron application (B2.0) significantly augmented the mean uniformity ratio by ~4.8%, compared with B0, while the fibre strength and staple length increased significantly in B1.5 treatment. The micronaire value of lint decreased significantly from 4.84 (in B0) to 4.25 µg inch-1 in B2.5 treated plots. Boron application caused notable augmentation in B concentration in its reservoirs/pools of variable solubility; oxide bound fraction being smallest (~0.34% of total B), while residual B the largest fraction (~95% of total B). Boron sources had meagre affect and did not vary remarkably for B concentration in different vegetative plant parts, cotton yield and contributing attributes and B fractions of variable solubility in calcareous soil. Interpretation: The findings of study divulged that soil applied B significantly augmented cotton yield and its yield contributing attributes owing to augmented solubility of B in a calcareous soil. Different B fractions evinced a significant (p<0.05) relationship with yield attributes, indicating their significance for increased B uptake which impacts the seed cotton yield in a calcareous soil. These experimental outcomes highlight the overwhelming significance of soil application of B for increased cotton productivity with improved fibre quality.

THE ROOT DEVELOPMENT OF RED PINE (PINUS RESINOSA AIT.) SEEDLINGS IN RELATION TO VARIOUS SOIL CONDITIONS

1960 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Armson ◽  
J. R. M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Soil Treatment ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Red pine seedlings were grown in calcareous and non-calcareous, weathered and non-weathered, compacted and loose soils for approximately three months. The root development of the seedlings at the end of this period was found to be reduced only by the compacted soil treatment, no other treatment had any significant effects.The calcium concentration of the tops of those seedlings grown in calcareous soil was approximately double the concentration of those grown in non-calcareous soils.

scholarly journals Recycling Biogas Digestate from Energy Crops: Effects on Soil Properties and Crop Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
Roberta Pastorelli ◽  
Giuseppe Valboa ◽  
Alessandra Lagomarsino ◽  
Arturo Fabiani ◽  
Stefania Simoncini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

Digestate from biogas production can be recycled to the soil as conditioner/fertilizer improving the environmental sustainability of the energy supply chain. In a three-year maize-triticale rotation, we investigated the short-term effects of digestate on soil physical, chemical, and microbiological properties and evaluated its effectiveness in complementing the mineral fertilizers. Digestate soil treatments consisted of combined applications of the whole digestate and its mechanically separated solid fraction. Digestate increased soil total organic C, total N and K contents. Soil bulk density was not affected by treatments, while aggregate stability showed a transient improvement due to digestate treatments. A decrement of the transmission pores proportion and an increment of fissures was observed in digestate treated soils. Soil microbial community was only transiently affected by digestate treatments and no soil contamination from Clostridiaceae-related bacteria were observed. Digestate can significantly impair seed germination when applied at low dilution ratios. Crop yield under digestate treatment was similar to ordinary mineral-based fertilization. Overall, our experiment proved that the agronomic recycling of digestate from biogas production maintained a fair crop yield and soil quality. Digestate was confirmed as a valid resource for sustainable management of soil fertility under energy-crop farming, by combining a good attitude as a fertilizer with the ability to compensate for soil organic C loss.

ASPECTS CONCERNING PEANUTS CROPS ON SANDY SOILS IN SOUTHERN OLTENIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Dima ◽  
Aurelia Diaconu ◽  
Reta Drăghici ◽  
Drăghici Iulian ◽  
Matei Gheorghe
Keyword(s):  
Proper Time ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Growth Type ◽  
Great Production ◽  
Large Production ◽  
Seeding Time

"For the capitalization of the climate and soil conditions for the sandy soil region in Southern Oltenia by cultivating peanuts it is necessary to use varieties with large production abilities and proper technology for the crops. In view of its cultivation on south Oltenia sandy soils, there were carried out in the period 2004-2006, at the Plants Crops Research and Development Station on Sandy Soils Dabuleni, experiments have been set regarding aspects such as: the optimal seeding period, the recommendation varieties with high yield potential and balanced composition. The research was conducted under irrigation conditions, in a three-year rotation of wheat, peanut, maize. Along with erect growth type varieties, known for their short vegetation period, rising and creeping growth type varieties can also be used; these varieties have a great production potential in our country`s conditions. Establishing the proper time for seeding is espe since sandy soils are heating quickly but are also cooling quickly, the best seeding time is between the end of April- the beginning of May, depending on the date when the seeding depth has a steady temperature, minimal required for the seed to germinate."

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