scholarly journals Nikolai Berdyaev’s Dialectics of Freedom: In Search for Spiritual Freedom

Open Theology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
Raul-Ovidiu Bodea
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Existential Philosophy ◽  
Spiritual Freedom ◽  
Theology And Philosophy ◽  
Fallen World

Abstract In Berdyaev’s notion of freedom the borders between theology and philosophy seem to fall down. The same existential concern for spiritual freedom is at the heart of both theology and philosophy. From the point of view of existential philosophy as Berdyaev understands it, only a theologically informed account of freedom, could do justice to the concept of freedom. But a freedom determined by God is not what Berdyaev had in mind as representing authentic freedom. It was necessary for him to reinterpret Jakob Boehme’s concept of Ungrund to arrive at a notion of uncreated freedom that both God and man share. But the articulation of this freedom, and an account of it within our fallen world could only be done as a philosophical pursuit. To arrive at the authentic understanding of spiritual freedom, that is theologically informed, Berdyaev believes that a philosophical rejection of erroneous views of freedom should take place. The articulation of the notion of freedom that does justice to the complexity of the existential situation of both God and man is not for Berdyaev a purpose in itself. The purpose is the arrival at a non-objectified knowledge of freedom that would inform a theologically committed existential attitude.

scholarly journals Religious Knowledge of Abai

Turkology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (104) ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
D. Kenzhetayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Islamic Theology ◽  
History Of Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Existentialist Philosophy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theology And Philosophy

Recognition of the heritage of Abai from the point of view of Islamic theology and philosophy, the Muslim and civilizational nature of the Kazakh people is a very urgent issue. It is important to reveal the place and role of Abai's heritage in order to give a scientific and historical assessment of the traces of modern Kazakh religious knowledge and religious experience. Therefore, a holistic consideration of the concepts and categorical complex in the works of Abai and its differentiation with systemic historical and philosophical forms make it possible to recognize his existential and religious and civilizational appearance. The article examines the opinion of mankind against those who want to explain the general views of Abai with the templates of existentialist philosophy, referring to well-known representatives of an important layer about being in the history of thought. In his review of the history of philosophy, as well as in the question of what essence is, Abai stressed the importance of the truth underlying the definition of love as a single meaning.

scholarly journals Fortælling og kritik i teologien

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Narrative Theology ◽  
Existential Philosophy ◽  
Story Telling ◽  
Ethical Point ◽  
The Creation

In his official speech at the defence of Svend Bjerg’s theological dissertation “Den Kristne Grundfortælling” (The Fundamental Christian Story), Peter Kemp agrees to the idea of a narrative theology, but he argues that this theology should not – as Bjerg does – try to escape modern criticism of ideologies, illusions and perversities in story telling, because theological reply to criticism of religion or Christianity has no effect on the modern man if the critique is not taken seriously by the theologian and the stories are not evaluated from an ethical point of view. Kemp also considers that narrative theology is not necessarily opposed to existential philosophy, since philosophical analysis can demonstrate narrative quality of experience as a condition for the creation of stories and dramas. Finally, Kemp discusses Bjerg’s opposition to Paul Ricoeur’s and Kemp’s own concepts of symbol and metaphor. He argues that metaphor without symbol is a language without reference to transcendence.

scholarly journals O czym śni Filipowicz? – próba analizy opowiadania Kornela Filipowicza „Gdy przychodzą we śnie” w perspektywie szeroko rozumianej filozofii egzystencjalnej

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 472-485
Author(s):  
Anna Bańska-Szuba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Existential Philosophy ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
African Countries

The purpose of the article is to interpret the story “Gdy przychodzą we śnie” (When they come in a dream) by Kornel Filipowicz using the category introduced to literary studies by Michał Januszkiewicz – the so-called existentialist point of view. It is a procedure aimed at discovering the meaning of the exceptional text, as it does not fit into the typical themes of Filipowicz, the eulogist of the Polish province, and the bard of everyday life. The work was written in 1979 and was published in the collection “Koncert f-moll i inne opowiadania”, published in 1982. This story, making a great impression on today’s reader because of the exceptional topicality of the topic, which is the phenomenon of mass immigration from African countries to Europe, evokes the desire to ascribe to author of prophetic abilities. This is the source of many misunderstandings, which in turn leads to the conclusion by researchers of this prose that it is not easy to reach its essential meanings. Hence, an interesting proposal is to look at it from the perspective of broadly understood existential philosophy, in particular the thoughts of Heidegger, Sartre, Jaspers, Camus, thinkers who cannot be ignored when discussing contemporary literature. From this perspective, this unique story takes on new content. It leads, if not to a full understanding of its meaning, then at least to the discovery of previously hidden meanings.

The Geosciences Applied to Lunar Exploration

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 169-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lunar Exploration ◽  
Geological Model ◽  
Apply Geophysics ◽  
Surface Features ◽  
The Impact

The term geo-sciences has been used here to include the disciplines geology, geophysics and geochemistry. However, in order to apply geophysics and geochemistry effectively one must begin with a geological model. Therefore, the science of geology should be used as the basis for lunar exploration. From an astronomical point of view, a lunar terrain heavily impacted with meteors appears the more reasonable; although from a geological standpoint, volcanism seems the more probable mechanism. A surface liberally marked with volcanic features has been advocated by such geologists as Bülow, Dana, Suess, von Wolff, Shaler, Spurr, and Kuno. In this paper, both the impact and volcanic hypotheses are considered in the application of the geo-sciences to manned lunar exploration. However, more emphasis is placed on the volcanic, or more correctly the defluidization, hypothesis to account for lunar surface features.

How a sheperd guides a sheep herd?

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 331-337
Author(s):  
Richard Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Single Ring ◽  
Damping Effects ◽  
Ring Particle

ABSTRACTThe mechanism by which a shepherd satellite exerts a confining torque on a ring is considered from the point of view of a single ring particle. It is still not clear how one might most meaningfully include damping effects and other collisional processes into this type of approach to the problem.

The growth of mica polytypes as studied by conventional and high-resolution TEM

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
A. Baronnet ◽  
M. Amouric
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Long Period ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Layer Stacking ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Potential Use

The origin of mica polytypes has long been a challenging problem for crystal- lographers, mineralogists and petrologists. From the petrological point of view, interest in this field arose from the potential use of layer stacking data to furnish further informations about equilibrium and/or kinetic conditions prevailing during the crystallization of the widespread mica-bearing rocks. From the compilation of previous experimental works dealing with the occurrence domains of the various mica "polymorphs" (1Mr, 1M, 2M1, 2M2 and 3T) within water-pressure vs temperature fields, it became clear that most of these modifications should be considered as metastable for a fixed mica species. Furthermore, the natural occurrence of long-period (or complex) polytypes could not be accounted for by phase considerations. This highlighted the need of a more detailed kinetic approach of the problem and, in particular, of the role growth mechanisms of basal faces could play in this crystallographic phenomenon.

Radiation Damage in Ceramics

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 600-603
Author(s):  
T. E. Mitchell ◽  
M. R. Pascucci ◽  
R. A. Youngman
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nuclear Waste Storage ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
Small Defect ◽  
Present Understanding

1. Introduction. Studies of radiation damage in ceramics are of interest not only from a fundamental point of view but also because it is important to understand the behavior of ceramics in various practical radiation enyironments- fission and fusion reactors, nuclear waste storage media, ion-implantation devices, outer space, etc. A great deal of work has been done on the spectroscopy of point defects and small defect clusters in ceramics, but relatively little has been performed on defect agglomeration using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the same kind of detail that has been so successful in metals. This article will assess our present understanding of radiation damage in ceramics with illustrations using results obtained from the authors' work.

Structural aspects of osmoregulation in porphyra

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
C. Wiencke ◽  
A. Lauchli
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Osmotic Adaptation ◽  
Osmotic Balance ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Osmotic Agents ◽  
Vacuolar System ◽  
Structural Aspects

Osmoregulatory mechanisms in algae were investigated mainly from a physiological point of view (KAUSS 1977, HELLEBUST 1976). In Porphyra two osmotic agents, i. e. floridoside/isofloridoside (KAUSS 1968) and certain ions, such as K+ and Na+(EPPLEY et al. 1960) are considered for osmotic balance. Accumulations of ions (particularly Na+) in the cytoplasm during osmotic adaptation is improbable, because the activity of enzymes is generally inhibited by high ionic concentrations (FLOWERS et al. 1977).The cellular organization of Porphyra was studied with special emphasis on the development of the vacuolar system under different hyperosmotic conditions. Porphyra was cultivated at various strengths of the culture medium ASP 12 (PROVASOLI 1961) ranging from normal to 6 times concentrated (6x) culture medium. Por electron microscopy freeze fracturing was used (specimens fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde and incubated in 30% glycerol, preparation in a BALZERS BA 360 M apparatus), because chemical fixation gave poor results.

Elucidation of block boundaries as the dissolution channels in hydrated cement

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
N.V. Belov ◽  
U.I. Papiashwili ◽  
B.E. Yudovich
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Benzoyl Peroxide ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hardened Cement ◽  
Hydrated Cement ◽  
Hardened Cement Paste

It has been almost universally adopted that dissolution of solids proceeds with development of uniform, continuous frontiers of reaction.However this point of view is doubtful / 1 /. E.g. we have proved the active role of the block (grain) boundaries in the main phases of cement, these boundaries being the areas of hydrate phases' nucleation / 2 /. It has brought to the supposition that the dissolution frontier of cement particles in water is discrete. It seems also probable that the dissolution proceeds through the channels, which serve both for the liquid phase movement and for the drainage of the incongruant solution products. These channels can be appeared along the block boundaries.In order to demonsrate it, we have offered the method of phase-contrast impregnation of the hardened cement paste with the solution of methyl metacrylahe and benzoyl peroxide. The viscosity of this solution is equal to that of water.

Electron microscopy in diagnostic virology

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
S. E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Viral Diagnosis ◽  
Electron Microscopist ◽  
Diagnostic Virology

The techniques for detecting viruses are many and varied including FAT, ELISA, SPIRA, RPHA, SRH, TIA, ID, IEOP, GC (1); CF, CIE (2); Tzanck (3); EM, IEM (4); and molecular identification (5). This paper will deal with viral diagnosis by electron microscopy and will be organized from the point of view of the electron microscopist who is asked to look for an unknown agent--a consideration of the specimen and possible agents rather than from a virologist's view of comparing all the different viruses. The first step is to ascertain the specimen source and select the method of preparation, e. g. negative stain or embedment, and whether the sample should be precleared by centrifugation, concentrated, or inoculated into tissue culture. Also, knowing the type of specimen and patient symptoms will lend suggestions of possible agents and eliminate some viruses, e. g. Rotavirus will not be seen in brain, nor Rabies in stool, but preconceived notions should not prejudice the observer into missing an unlikely pathogen.

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