Soft Modeling of Military Expenditure, Income Inequality, and Profit Rate, 1988–2008

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Yavuz Elveren ◽  
Ali Cevat Taşıran
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Profit Rate ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Soft Modeling ◽  
Small Positive Effect

Abstract This paper investigates the nexus of military expenditure, income inequality, and profit rate, applying the non-parametric technique of Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) to 21 countries for 1988–2008. The findings suggest that military expenditure has a positive effect on income inequality while income inequality has a positive impact on profit rate. In contrast, military expenditure has a (relatively small) positive effect on profit rate. However, these results change significantly once unobserved heterogeneity is considered. Accordingly, based on four segments, although the positive effect of income inequality on profit rate remains the same for each segment, for some segments, the effect of military expenditure on income inequality and profit rate become negative.

Heterogeneity in a dual personal values–dual purchase consequences–green consumption commitment framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Nhat Hanh Le ◽  
Mai Dong Tran ◽  
Dong Phong Nguyen ◽  
Julian Ming Sung Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the roles of dual personal values (individualistic and collectivistic) and consumer attitudes toward dual purchase consequences (individual and environmental) as the precursors of a commitment to green consumption. Furthermore, the variance within the studied relationships is explored across the segments of the selected consumer sample.Design/methodology/approachPartial least squares and finite mixture–partial least squares path modeling approaches are employed to examine the studied relationships and check for heterogeneity, respectively, among the sample of 406 Vietnamese consumers.FindingsThe results indicate that individualistic values positively and negatively affect attitudes toward purchase consequences at the individual and environmental levels, respectively, while collectivistic values have only a positive impact on attitudes at the environment level. Compared to the individual level, attitudes toward environmental purchase consequences propagate a fuller commitment to green consumption. Collectivistic, but not individualistic, consumers are a suitable target segment for green business. Consumers within the selected sample exhibit different green behavioral patterns.Originality/valueThis research provides valuable insights into the under-researched aspect of green consumption commitment based on an extended value–attitude–behavior model. Previously unobserved heterogeneity is revealed and green consumption tendency segments are identified.

DO REALLY EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT AND SPIRITUAL QUOTIENT AFFECT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE?

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Shofia Amin ◽  
Nany Mawaddah
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Emotional Quotient ◽  
High Level ◽  
Positive Effect

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of emotional quotient on work performance, and the effect of spiritual quotient on work performance at BPMPPT of Jambi City. Using 68 employees as respondent, the data were collected by distributing questionnaire and analyzed by using partial least squares path modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of the analysis show that overall emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence employee BPMPPT Jambi city is at a high level of quotient. While employee performance BPMPPT Jambi city is at a level of performance was enough. The statistical analysis shows that partially and simultantly emotional quotient and spiritual quotient has significant and positive effect on employee performance. Keywords: Emotional Quotient, Spiritual Quotient, Performance

scholarly journals How do Poverty and Income Inequality affect Economic Growth in Developing Countries?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-558
Author(s):  
Hamza Saleem ◽  
Fatima Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Aurmaghan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
World Development

The major objective of this research is to examine the relationship between poverty, income inequality and economic growth from some selected developing countries. This study uses panel data for the period of 2002-2015. All the data is taken from world development indicators (WDI). To find out the results, we have used Hausman test an econometrics technique for panel data in this research. The results of the study indicate that poverty and income inequality have a negative impact on economic growth on the other hand Gross capital formation, labor force, total population and government consumption and expenditure have a positive impact on economic growth. The result tells us that changes in these variables have a significant and positive effect on the dependent variable. To achieve the goal of economic growth developing countries should reduce poverty and take meaningful steps to overcome the problem of inequality in the society which can be very helpful in achieving the goal of economic growth.

Did Railroads Induce or Follow Economic Growth?

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Atack ◽  
Fred Bateman ◽  
Michael Haines ◽  
Robert A. Margo
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Instrumental Variable Analysis ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
American Midwest ◽  
Antebellum Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect

Using a newly developed geographic information system transportation database, we study the impact of gaining access to rail transportation on changes in population density and the rate of urbanization between 1850 and 1860 in the American Midwest. Differences-in-differences and instrumental variable analysis of a balanced panel of 278 counties reveals only a small positive effect of rail access on population density but a large positive impact on urbanization as measured by the fraction of people living in incorporated areas of 2,500 or more. Our estimates imply that one-half or more of the growth in urbanization in the Midwest in the late antebellum period may be attributable to the spread of the rail network.

EVALUASI PENERAPAN E-FAKTUR DENGAN MODEL KESUKSESAN SISTEM INFORMASI DELONE DAN MCLEAN (STUDI KASUS DI KPP PRATAMA METRO)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Tosan Yanuar Rachmadi ◽  
Riya Dwi Handaka
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Path Modeling

Penerapan e-Faktur di Indonesia dilaksanakan untuk memudahkan Pengusaha Kena Pajak dalam menerbitkan faktur pajak dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi. Namun dalam penerapan e-Faktur yang telah diwajibkan penggunaanya sejak pertengahan 2016 masih ditemukan berbagai kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penerapan e-Faktur dengan menggunakan model kesuksesan sistem informasi DeLone dan McLean dalam mengukur kualitas sistem, kualitas informasi, dan kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pengguna serta manfaat bersih. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuntitatif dengan metode studi kasus dan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada  Pengusaha Kena Pajak (PKP) terdaftar di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Metro.Dari hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan partial least squares path modeling, didapatkan bahwa kualitas informasi dan kualitas layanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengguna. Sementara itu, kualitas sistem berpengaruh positif namun tidak signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengguna. Kemudian, kepuasan pengguna juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap manfaat bersih yang diterima Pengusaha Kena Pajak. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa kepuasan pengguna merupakan variabel intervening dalam hubungan antara kualitas informasi dan kualitas layanan terhadap manfaat bersih. Sementara itu kepuasan pengguna tidak dapat menjadi variabel intervening dalam hubungan antara kualitas sistem terhadap manfaat bersih.

scholarly journals Exploring the Influence of Social Media Usage for Academic Purposes Using a Partial Least Squares Approach

Computation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Jabar H. Yousif ◽  
Firdouse R. Khan ◽  
Safiya N. Al Al Jaradi ◽  
Aysha S. Alshibli
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Linear Regression Method

Social media applications have been increasingly gaining significant attention from online education and training platforms. Social networking tools provide multiple advantages for communicating, exchanging opinions, and discussing specific issues. Social media also helps to improve the processes of teaching and learning through sharing educational programs. In this study, we used a quantitative research technique based on the partial least-squares (PLS) linear regression method to determine the influence of using social media as an online discussion and communication platform for academic purposes by assessing the relationships among the skills obtained through social media, the usage of social media, and the purpose of social media. A total of 200 students participated in this study (88% female and 12% males), and a purposive sampling technique was used to select a suitable population for the study. The results show that 61.5% of the participants use the web daily for more than five hours, mainly for social communication (meaningful dialog and discussion skills) and entertainment. The students agreed that social media develops their creative thinking, but it has no positive impact on their academic performance.

scholarly journals eWOM in C2C Platforms: Combining IAM and Customer Satisfaction to Examine the Impact on Purchase Intention

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1612-1630
Author(s):  
Salvador Bueno ◽  
M. Dolores Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Source Credibility ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Argument Quality ◽  
The Impact

This study is focused on communications that come from consumer-to-consumer (C2C) ecommerce relationships. This topic is directly associated with the electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) phenomenon. eWOM is related to the set of positive or negative opinions made by potential, actual, or former customers about a seller. The present study proposes a structural equation modeling with partial least squares (PLS-SEM) research model to analyze consumers’ opinions impact on attitude toward purchasing. This model is based on the Information Adoption Model (IAM) in combination with an ecommerce satisfaction perspective, comprising five constructs: (1) service quality, (2) ecommerce satisfaction, (3) argument quality, (4) source credibility and (5) purchase intention. The model was tested by applying the Smart Partial Least Squares (SmartPLS) software for which 116 effective data from customers of the Taobao C2C platform were used. The findings reveal that all of the defined relationships were supported, confirming the positive impact of all the proposed constructs on the purchase intention. In this respect, the findings suggest that C2C platforms should strengthen the analyzed connections to grow the business and to promote transactions. Finally, implications and limitations related to the explanatory capacity and the sample are identified.

scholarly journals PEER DESIGNERS AS STRONG INFLUENCERS ON THE DESIGN PROCESS OF FOOD STARTUPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2409-2418
Author(s):  
Summer D. Jung ◽  
Erika Perttunen ◽  
Senni Kirjavainen ◽  
Tua Björklund ◽  
Sohyeong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractAs design research expands its horizon, there has been a recent rise in studies on nontraditional designers. Previous studies have noted the positive effect of diversity in generating ideas. Among different sources of influence, peers outside the design team have been noted for their positive impact on the design process, yet the research on this topic is still in its early stages. Using qualitative data from 40 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the American and Finnish food and beverage industries, the current study examines their interactions with other SMEs, shedding light on the influence of peers on creating new design solutions. The findings suggest that peer companies can act as a frequent and impactful source of inspiration for product design ideas. The most prevalent forms of interaction were co-creating products, sharing information, and sharing ingredients. Furthermore, the interactions were voluntary, organic, and improvisational in nature, and physical proximity or previous connections often initiated the interactions. Taken together, a great number of peer influences contributed towards creative new solutions.

scholarly journals The Influence of Dynamic and Adaptive Marketing Capabilities on the Performance of Portuguese SMEs in the B2B International Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Caroline Reimann ◽  
Fernando Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
International Market ◽  
Marketing Capabilities ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Competitive Intensity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Market Learning ◽  
Positive Effect

The present investigation aims study the sustainability of the business model of the Portuguese SMEs operating in the B2B International market analyzing the influence of dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities in their international marketing performance. It will also analyze the moderating effects of Competitive Intensity within this international scenario. A quantitative study was developed, using a questionnaire as a research method. In total, 335 valid responses were collected from Portuguese SMEs in June 2020. To test the hypotheses, multiple hierarchical regressions were performed. As for the analyzes involving Competitive Intensity environments, namely low and high intensity, dummies were developed to evaluate the different effects produced by the capacities in the International Marketing Performance. This study shows the positive impact of the dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities on the international marketing performance of the surveyed companies, essentially from the product development management, supply chain management, vigilant market learning and open marketing. when in a low competitive intensity environment only dynamic marketing capabilities had a positive effect on performance, but in a high, competitive, intensity environment both dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities showed positive effects in relation to performance. This study innovates by bringing international marketing, through two marketing capacities, from the perspective of SMEs that perform B2B activities.

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