scholarly journals Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamics investigation on adsorption of divalent copper using agro-waste biomaterials, Musa acuminata, Casuarina equisetifolia L. and Sorghum bicolor

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya Prasanthi Mokkapati ◽  
Jayasravanthi Mokkapati ◽  
Venkata Nadh Ratnakaram
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Fruit Powder ◽  
Casuarinas Fruit Powder ◽  
Sorghum Stem Powder ◽  
Temkin Adsorption Isotherm

Abstract Three novel and distinct agricultural waste materials, viz., Casuarinas fruit powder (CFP), sorghum stem powder (SSP) and banana stem powder (BSP) were used as low cost adsorbents for the removal of toxic copper(II) from aqueous solutions. Acid treated adsorbents were characterized by SEM, EDX and FTIR. Different factors effecting adsorption capacity were analyzed and the efficiency order was BSP>SSP>CFP. Based on the extent of compatibility to Freundlich/Langmuir/D-R/Temkin adsorption isotherm and different models (pseudo-first and second order, Boyd, Weber’s and Elovich), chemisorption primarily involved in the case of CFP and SSP, whereas, simultaneous occurrence of chemisorption and physisorption was proposed in the case of BSP. Based on the observations, it was proposed that three kinetic stages involve in adsorption process viz., diffusion of sorbate to sorbent, intra particle diffusion and then establishment of equilibrium. These adsorbents have promising role towards removal of Cu(II) from industrial wastewater to contribute environmental protection.

scholarly journals Chemical oxygen demand reduction from coffee processing waste water – A comparative study on usage of biosorbents prepared from agricultural wastes

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Fruit Powder ◽  
Sorghum Stem Powder

<div> <p>The utilization of three novel and distinct agricultural waste materials, namely casuarina fruit powder (CFP), sorghum stem powder (SSP) and banana stem powder (BSP) as low cost adsorbents for reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels of coffee industry wastewater has been examined. Prepared adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopic (EDAX) and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_transform_infrared_spectroscopy" target="_blank">Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy</a>. The effects of parameters like adsorbent dose, pH, temperature, agitation rate and time of adsorption on the reduction of COD levels were analyzed for each adsorbent individually and the efficiency order is CFP&gt;SSP&gt;BSP. Based on the extent of compatibility to Freundlich/Langmuir adsorption isotherm and different models (pseudo-first order and second order, Boyd, Weber&rsquo;s and Elovich), simultaneous occurrence of chemisorption and physisorption was proposed. Based on the observations, it is proposed that three kinetic stages involve in adsorption process viz., diffusion of sorbate to sorbent, intra particle diffusion and then establishment of equilibrium. As these three adsorbents exhibit adsorption capacity more than 80%, the adsorbents prepared from agricultural wastes have promising role towards reduction of COD from industrial wastewater to contribute environmental protection. &nbsp;</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Treatment of Landfill Leachate Using Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfiq J. H. Banch ◽  
Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽  
Salem S. Abu Amr ◽  
Abbas F. M. Alkarkhi ◽  
Mohammed Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Urban Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Sanitary landfilling is the most common method of removing urban solid waste in developing countries. Landfills contain high levels of organic materials, ammonia, and heavy metals, thereby producing leachate which causes a possible future pollution of ground and surface water. Recently, agricultural waste was considered a co-substratum to promote the biodegradation of organics in industrial wastewater. The use of low-cost and natural materials for wastewater treatment is now being considered by many researchers. In this study, palm oil mill effluent (POME) was used for treating stabilized leachate from old landfill. A set of preliminary experiments using different POME/leachate ratios and aeration times was performed to identify the setting of experimental design and optimize the effect of employing POME on four responses: chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), color, and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N). The treatment efficiency was evaluated based on the removal of four selected (responses) parameters. The optimum removal efficiency for COD, TSS, color, and NH3-N was 87.15%, 65.54%, 52.78%, and 91.75%, respectively, using a POME/leachate mixing ratio of 188.32 mL/811.68 mL and 21 days of aeration time. The results demonstrate that POME-based agricultural waste can be effectively employed for organic removal from leachate.

scholarly journals Investigation on the adsorption of antibiotics from water by metal loaded sewage sludge biochar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiulei Fan ◽  
Zheng Qian ◽  
Jiaqiang Liu ◽  
Nan Geng ◽  
Jun Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Particle Diffusion ◽  
Surface Functionality ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Adsorption Amount

Abstract Application of sewage sludge biochar as an adsorbent for antibiotics treatment has obtained special attention owning to their low cost and surface functionality. Three metal ions were selected to modify sewage sludge biochar through the pyrolysis with the metal loaded method. Fe loaded sewage sludge biochar (BC-Fe), Al loaded sewage sludge biochar (BC-Al) and Mn loaded sewage sludge biochar (BC-Mn) were characterized and used to explore the performance of adsorbing tetracycline (TC), sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) and amoxicillin (AMC). BC-Fe, BC-Al and BC-Mn possessed rougher surfaces, larger specific surface area and better pore structure. Intra-particle diffusion and Langmuir models were more suitable to describe the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption amount of TC, SMZ and AMC could reach 123.35, 99.01 and 109.89 mg/g by BC-Fe. Furthermore, the main mechanism of antibiotics adsorption by metal loaded sewage sludge biochars might be pores filling, Van der Waals forces and H-bonding. The study can not only solve the problems associated with the pollution of antibiotics from wastewater, but also reduced the treatment press of sewage sludge effectively.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Application of Zeolite/Acanthophora Spicifera Nanoporous Composite for Adsorption of Congo Red Dye from Wastewater

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2441
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hamd ◽  
Asmaa Ragab Dryaz ◽  
Mohamed Shaban ◽  
Hamad AlMohamadi ◽  
Khulood A. Abu Al-Ola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congo Red ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Red Dye

Systematic investigations involving laboratory, analytical, and field trials were carried out to obtain the most efficient adsorbent for the removal of congo red (CR) dye from industrial effluent. Modification of the zeolite (Z) by the Acanthophora Spicifera algae (AS; marine algae) was evaluated in terms of adsorption capability of the zeolite to remove CR dye from aqueous solution. The zeolite/algae composite (ZAS) was fabricated using the wet impregnation technique. The AS, Z, and the synthesized ZAS composite were analyzed utilizing various characterization techniques. The newly synthesized ZAS composite has an adsorption capacity that is significantly higher than that of Z and AS, particularly at low CR concentrations. Batch experiments were carried out to explore the effects of different experimental factors, as well as the dye adsorption isotherms and kinetics. Owing to the presence of intermolecular interactions, the computational analysis showed that the adsorption of the CR molecule on zeolite surfaces is exothermic, energetically favorable, and spontaneous. Furthermore, growing the zeolite surface area has no discernible effect on the adsorption energies in all configurations. The ZAS composite may be used as a low-cost substitute adsorbent for the removal of anionic dyes from industrial wastewater at lower dye concentrations, according to the experimental results. Adsorption of CR dye onto Z, AS, and ZAS adsorbents was adequately explained by pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm. The sorption mechanism was also evaluated using Weber’s intra-particle diffusion module. Finally, field testing revealed that the newly synthesized adsorbent was 98.0% efficient at extracting dyes from industrial wastewater, proving the foundation of modern eco-friendly materials that aid in the reuse of industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Bromo-based Dyes from Wastewater Using Low-Cost Adsorbents: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-56
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Olujimi Dada ◽  
Ilesanmi Ademola Ojo ◽  
Abass Olanrewaju Alade ◽  
Tinuade Jolaade Afolabi ◽  
Monsurat Omolola Jimoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Bromothymol Blue ◽  
Bromocresol Green ◽  
Bromophenol Blue ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Triarylmethane Dyes

The dyes in the effluents discharged into water bodies, aimlessly, are displeasing aesthetically and pose hazards to aquatic communities. The use of adsorption process has been adopted for effective treatment of wastewater containing dyes. The removal of Bromophenol blue (BPB), Bromocresol green (BCG), Bromocresol purple (BCP), and Bromothymol blue (BTB) dyes (a family of triarylmethane dyes) through adsorption process using several cheaply available non-conventional agricultural-waste based adsorbents was reviewed in this report. The gaps in the treatment trend further indicate the prospect of adapting various lignocellulose and other biogenic materials for the removal of Bromo-based dyes from wastewater.

scholarly journals Optimization of Zinc(II) Adsorption Using Agricultural Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Gobinath Ravindran ◽  
M Radha Madhavi ◽  
Bashir Suleman Abusahmin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Independent Process

With industrial growth, presence of pollutants is growing enormously. Removal of pollutant from waste water and effluents can be accomplished by various techniques, out of which adsorption was found to be an efficient method. Applications of adsorption limits itself due to high cost of adsorbent. In this regard, a low cost adsorbent produced from palm oil shell based agricultural waste is examined for its efficiency to remove Zn (II) from waste water and aqueous solution. The influence of independent process variables like pH, residence time, initial solution concentration, activated carbon dosage and process temperature on the removal of Zn(II) by palm shell based activated carbon from batch adsorption process are studied systematically. The results reveal that palm shell based activated carbon can be an effective adsorbent for removal of Zinc (II) and is efficient compared to other types of adsorbent produced from agricultural waste.  

scholarly journals Adsorptive removal of mercury from water by adsorbents derived from date pits

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Al-Ghouti ◽  
Dana Da’ana ◽  
Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Majeda Khraisheh
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Date Pits

Abstract The current work presented here focuses on the remediation of mercury from water using modified low-cost materials. Modified date pits, low cost, minimal pretreatment steps and locally abundant agricultural waste materials were effectively employed as an adsorbent for remediating Hg2+ from aqueous media. Physical and chemical modification were developed such as thermal roasting (RDP), sulfur (SMRDP) and silane (SIMRDP) based modifications. Results showed that maximum adsorption by RDP was at pH 6, AC and both modifications was at pH 4. Furthermore, RDP has exothermic adsorption mechanism while AC, SMRDP, and SIMRDP have endothermic. All adsorbents except SIMRDP have spontaneous adsorption process. SEM analysis showed that the surface morphology of RDP was not significantly affected by different treatments while surface of AC was affected. The investigation for good adsorbents for Hg2+ uptake from different anthropogenic sources has been carried out by many investigators worldwide towards having a safe environment. In the current study, the highest Hg2+ adsorption of SMRDP was relatively high compared to other known adsorbents.

scholarly journals Functionalized Porous Nanoscale Fe3O4 Particles Supported Biochar From Peanut Shell For Pb(II) Ions Removal From Landscape Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Jin ◽  
Renrong Liu ◽  
Huifang Wang ◽  
Li Han ◽  
Muqing Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Complexation Reaction ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms

Abstract The large amounts of heavy metal from landscape wastewater have become serious problems of environmental pollution and risks for human health. It affects the growth of plant and aquatic, and leads to the destruction of landscape. Therefore, the development of efficient novel adsorbent is a very important for treatment of heavy metal. A low-cost and easily obtained agricultural waste (Peanut Shell) was modified by nanoscale Fe3O4 particles. Then, the functionalized porous nanoscale Fe3O4 particles supported biochar from peanut shell (PS-Fe3O4) for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution was investigated. The characterization of PS-Fe3O4 composites showed that PS from peanut shell was successfully coated with porous nanoscale Fe3O4 particles. The pseudo second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model were more fitted for describing the adsorption process of Pb(II) ions in solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) ions removal in solution by PS-Fe3O4 composites could reach 188.68 mg/g. The adsorption process of Pb(II) ions removal by PS-Fe3O4 composites was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The adsorption mechanisms of Pb(II) ions by PS-Fe3O4 composites were mainly controlled by the chemical adsorption process. They included Fe-O coordination reaction, co-precipitation, complexation reaction and ion exchange. PS-Fe3O4 composites were thought as a low-cost, good regeneration performance and high efficiency adsorption material for removal of Pb(II) ions in solution.

scholarly journals Utilization of Conventional Treatments and Agricultural Wastes as Low-Cost Adsorbents for Removal of Lead Ions from Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jaafar Ali Alatabe
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Lead Ions ◽  
Dialysis Membrane ◽  
Very High

This study reviewed the most common methods for removing lead ions from industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater. Most of the research done was reviewed using traditional methods such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, oxidation, evaporation, electric-dialysis, membrane filtration, and solvent extraction. These operations were related to several restrictions, that comprised the treatments to be limited to a definite concentration of the Lead (II) ions. Similarly, disadvantages complicated the production of huge quantities of dangerous waste although very high costs. This means these operations were very costly. For these reasons, to utilize the agricultural waste and low-cost adsorbents operation can be considered as eco-friendly. Currently, agricultural waste and natural materials are present in a huge quantity, and that is very damaging to the environment. Therefore, adsorption is an alternate operation for eliminating Lead (II) ions. According to the increased quality of adsorption operations, like the properties of improved adsorptive, increase availability, and cost-effectiveness, the operation is economical option for eliminating Lead(II) ions.

Adsorption of Cationic Dyes from Aqueous Solution onto Rapeseed Meal

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1550-1555
Author(s):  
Guo Lan Li ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Deng Liang He ◽  
Jun Liang Du
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Adsorption Rate ◽  
Cationic Dyes ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Equations

Using an agricultural waste rapeseed meal (RM) as adsorbent, the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) from aqueous solution has been studied. For this purpose, the adsorption of MB and MG onto the RM with aspects of kinetics, equilibrium and the effect of pH were investigated. The equilibrium experimental data of MB and MG is in well accordance with isotherm equations of Langmuir and Freundlich. And the maximum uptake capacities (qm) of MB and MG were 122 and 78 mg.g-1respectively. It was observed that the adsorption rate of MB and MG onto the RM were very rapid and the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order equation. The RM appears as a very prospective adsorbent for the removal of cationic dyes from industrial effluent due to its high uptake, rapid adsorption rate and low cost.

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