scholarly journals The Impact of Phenological and Artificial Factors on Seed Quality in a Nematode-resistant Pinus densiflora Seed Orchard

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ozawa ◽  
J. Watanabe ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
K. Isoda ◽  
A. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maternal Contribution ◽  
Paternal Parent ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seed Resistance

Abstract To clarify the relationship between the impact of phenological and/or artificial factors on seed quality, we measured the numbers of strobili on nematode-resistant Pinus densiflora clones grown in an immature and relatively small scale (700 m2) seed orchard. In addition, we established the clonal identities of all ramets, identified the paternal parent of the seeds, and assessed the resistance of seedlings to nematode infection. We also clarified the quantitative differences of strobili among clones; one clone produced 86.4% and 70.8% of all male strobili and female strobili, respectively. However, given that the total contamination ratio of the orchard was 82.0%, immigrant pollen had a larger impact on the success of actual crossing than phenology. Seedlings with a resistant maternal parent were resistant, even when their paternal parent was from outside the orchard. Two unselected clones were also planted in the seed orchard, one of which was not resistant and was associated with a maternal contribution of 34.7% of all seed stock. These findings suggest that, despite having a large impact on the crossing, immigrant pollen has a minor impact on seed resistance. Conversely, unselected and nonresistant clones have a marked impact on seed resistance. We concluded that artificial factors have larger impact on the seed quality than phenological factors in this orchard and the seeds will be of sufficient quality for supplying the market once nonresistant clones have been removed from the orchard.

scholarly journals Technology-Driven Solutions to Prompt Conversation, Aid Communication and Support Interaction for People With Dementia and Their Caregivers: A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Hoel ◽  
Carine Mendom Feunou ◽  
Karin Wolf-Ostermann
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Conversation Partner ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The impact of dementia on communication capabilities can result in difficulties in social interactions and between people with dementia and their conversation partner, as initiating and maintaining conversations becomes increasingly challenging. The role of technology in promoting social health and participation for people with dementia is increasing, but the usage on technological devices as a third party in social interactions to enhance communication quality is still in its infancy. The objective of this literature review is to provide a comprehensive description of technology-driven interventions for people with dementia and their conversation partners to enhance communication and facilitate positive social interactions. Methods A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO, where titles and abstracts were screened by two researchers independently. The reference lists of initially identified papers were hand-searched for further relevant studies. Quality appraisal of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.Results Twenty-six papers were included., where the most common technologies to facilitate communication and interactions were tablet-computers (n=11), social robots (n=7) and PCs (n=4). By analyzing the impacts of the device(s) on social interaction and communication, five major themes emerged: i) increased interaction; ii) better understanding of the person with dementia; iii) improved conversational quality; iv) reducing pressure on the conversation partner; and v) a conversational platform.Conclusion While the majority of the included studies are small-scale, they indicate promising findings on the potential of technology in helping dyads to interact in a way that relieves strain on the caregiver, enhances the relationship and engages people with dementia in social activities. Rigorous investigation using standard, comparable measurements is needed to demonstrate the effects of technological solutions, taking on the perspective on caregiving dyads as an entity rather than looking at outcomes for one member of the dyad in isolation.

scholarly journals Customer categorization, relational justice and SME performance in supermarket supply chains

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Malagueño ◽  
Ismail Gölgeci ◽  
Andrew Fearne
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relational Justice ◽  
Supplier Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Key Customer

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of perceived relational justice on the relationship between key customer categorization and performance of small food and drink producers in supermarket supply chains. Design/methodology/approach Survey data are derived from a sample of (small-scale) suppliers of local and regional food to a large British supermarket. Partial least squares regression analysis was used to test a conceptual framework, which positions relational justice as a mediator in the relationship between key customer categorization and supplier performance, moderated by the length of the relationship. Findings The findings reveal that small suppliers who perceive their treatment by their key customers as fair tend to achieve higher business performance, which supports the hypothesized mediating role of relational justice on supplier performance. However, this research found no evidence to support the hypothesis that this role is moderated by the length of the relationship between the supplier and buyer. Originality/value This paper makes a novel empirical contribution, focusing on performance outcomes for small-scale suppliers in a highly competitive environment (fast-moving consumer goods) with customers (supermarkets) who have significant market power. Accordingly, the paper shows that the way supermarket buyers treat their suppliers matters more for the performance of their suppliers than the very fact that they are key customers.

scholarly journals Effect of Insulation on the Performance of a Rotary Bioreactor for Composting Agricultural Residues

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alkoaik ◽  
Ahmed Abdel-Ghany ◽  
Ibrahim Al-Helal ◽  
Mohamed Rashwan ◽  
Ronnel Fulleros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Loss ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Rotary Drum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Rotary drum composters are used to produce high-quality, pathogen-free compost without weed seeds. Insulation is usually applied to small-scale composters to warm up the composted materials and enhance metabolic reactions to produce stable and mature compost within a short time. However, the relationship between the composter size and the heat loss rate is still unclear. In this study, the relationship between the composter size (designated as the ratio of surface area to volume, As/V) and heat loss was analyzed and identified. To show the effect of insulation on the composting performance, two identical rotary drum bioreactors (each of As/V = 9) were used to compost tomato plant residues, one insulated and the other kept without insulation. Results showed that insulation increased the overall resistance against heat loss from the bioreactor from 0.37 (m2 °C W−1) to 1.12 (m2 °C W−1), quickly increasing the compost temperature, and a temperature of 55–67 °C could be achieved and remained for three days. Therefore, mature, stable, well-aged, and high-quality compost was obtained. In the non-insulated bioreactor, the compost temperature did not exceed 37 °C; this caused a decline of microbial activity and the composting process temperature was only in the mesophilic range, leading to a high risk of the existence of weed seeds and pathogens in the final immature compost. Insulation is necessary for laboratory-scale and small pilot-scale bioreactors (As/V ≥ 6), because heat loss is high as As/V is high, whereas it is not necessary for commercial full-scale bioreactors (As/V ≤ 4), because heat loss is minor as As/V is low. For larger pilot-scale bioreactors (As/V: 4–6), insulation cost must be considered when comparing the impact of energy saving on the composting process.

HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG DISMINOREA DENGAN MOTIVASI UNTUK PERIKSA KE PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI AKADEMI KEBIDANAN BUDI MULIA PALEMBANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Widyastuti Y. Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Disminorea as one of the symptoms that interfere with daily activities disminorea patient. But is often regarded as a minor without knowing disminorea can be caused by a gynecologic disorder that can affect infertility, pain,even death.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge about disminorea young women with the motivation to check into the health service at the Academy of Midwifery Budi Mulia Palembang in 2011.The research method used in this study is to survey the analytic approach to the Cross Sectional, the data obtained by using questionnaires that were distributed. The samples taken with a purposive sampling technique that is most students are experiencing at the Academy of Midwifery disminorea Budi Mulia Palembang by the number of samples of 82 people. The results of analysis of the 82 respondents found the level of knowledge of good responders were 42 respondents (51,2). The level of knowledge of respondents about 40 respondents (48,8%). Good level of motivation of respondents were 44 responden  (53,7%) of respondents lacking motivation levels by 38 responden (46,3%). From the analysis of data showed no significant relationship between knowledge about disminorea teenage daughter with the motivation to check out. From the results of research to improve learning about in order to reduce the impact disminorea disminorea involved..       ABSTRAK Disminorea sebagai salah satu gejala yang mengganggu aktivitas sehari-hari penderitanya.Tetapi disminorea seringkali dianggap sebagai hal yang ringan tanpa mengetahui disminorea bisa disebabkan oleh kelainan ginekologik yang dapat mempengaruhi infertilitas, kesakitan, bahkan kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan remaja putri tentang disminorea dengan motivasi untuk periksa ke pelayanan kesehatan di Akademi Kebidanan Budi Mulia Palembang Tahun 2011. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan secara Cross Sectional, data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuisioner yang dibagikan. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu sebagian mahasiswi yang mengalami disminorea di Akademi Kebidanan Budi Mulia Palembang dengan jumlah sampel 82 orang. Hasil analisa dari 82 orang responden didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan responden baik sebanyak 42 responden (51,2%). Tingkat pengetahuan responden kurang sebanyak 40 responden (48,8%). Tingkat motivasi responden baik sebanyak 44 responden (53,7%) tingkat motivasi responden kurang sebanyak 38 responden (46,3%). Dari hasil analisa data menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan remaja putri tentang disminorea dengan motivasi untuk periksa. Dari hasil penelitian untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran mengenai disminorea agar mengurangi dampak yang dilibatkan disminorea.

Impact of Record Keeping on the Growth of Micro- and Small-scale Enterprises: An Analytical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Md Ekbal Hussain Khadim ◽  
Soma Roy Dey Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rate Of Failure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

It is well-recognised that micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are acting as specialist and soul of economic growth in India as well as in the world. MSEs are lifeblood of most economies and play a dominant role in the economic development of a country. Research on micro and small business development has shown that the rate of failure in developing countries is higher than in the developed world (Arinaitwe, 2006). The past studies indicate that three out of five businesses fail within the first few months of operation. A study by Peacock (1987) found that the lack of accounting records have led to the failure of these enterprises. This research study investigated the impact of record keeping on the growth of MSEs in the Cachar district of Assam. The objectives of the study were to analyse the relationship between record keeping practice and the growth of MSEs in the study area and to identify the status of record keeping in MSEs in the study area. To achieve these objectives, a sample of 93 entrepreneurs were selected from the targeted population. Primary data were collected by means of structured questionnaire. For data analysis, the study used descriptive statistics, and ‘Pearson’ correlation was used to establish the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The finding of the study shows that there is a significance positive strong relationship between record keeping practice and growth of the MSEs in the study area.

Learning Important Mathematics From Contextualization and Networked Collaboration—A Review of The SimCalc Vision and Contributions: Democratizing Access to Important Mathematics

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
M. Kathleen Heid
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Fundamental Theorem Of Calculus ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

SimCalc is an educational software and curriculum program designed to introduce students as young as middle school age to fundamental mathematical concepts—change and variation—that underpin the transition from algebra to calculus. The core underlying mathematical idea is the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, and through activities involving change and variation, SimCalc students acquire contextualized, networked, and collaborative experience with the relationship between derivatives and antiderivatives. The program had been guided from its birth by the late James J. Kaput, a mathematics education leader who thrived by working on the leading edge of the field. This book reports not only on the theory on which SimCalc is based but also on more than 15 years of small-scale and large-scale research on the impact of SimCalc. It also includes thoughtprovoking discussions of the ways in which the SimCalc approach relates to other work on engaging students in mathematical thinking.

scholarly journals Out of the Gray: The Impact of Provincial Institutions on Business Formalization in Vietnam

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Malesky ◽  
Markus Taussig
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Strategic Thinking ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ventures ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Performance Research ◽  
Unique Dataset

Scholars have long argued that institutional context significantly influences business strategy and economic performance. Research on the relationship between institutions and business strategy, however, has overwhelmingly focused on the decisions of larger, established corporations, mostly neglecting the strategic thinking of smaller, more entrepreneurial ventures. This article seeks to correct this bias by focusing the analysis directly on the critical decision of small-scale entrepreneurs to move from the informal and largely unregulated sector into operation as formal companies. Using a unique dataset and ranking of provincial governance institutions from Vietnam, the authors show that improvements in institutions make firms more likely to choose the formal sector from the start and, for those who do not, to spend less time in the informal sector. The study also finds that property rights have a more salient impact on formalization than other types of institutions.

scholarly journals Pod Maturity in the Shelling Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.T. Carter ◽  
D.L. Rowland ◽  
B.L. Tillman ◽  
J.E. Erickson ◽  
T.L. Grey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Immature Seed ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Color Class ◽  
Foundation Seed ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Harvest Maturity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Black Color

ABSTRACT Determining an optimum harvest maturity for indeterminate crops such as peanut is critical because it directly affects yield and grade. Historically, the assumption has been that growers will harvest at optimum maturity due to the positive impact on these two characteristics. However, the increased acreage under management by a single farmer may cause growers to harvest prior to optimum maturity. The impact of peanut maturity on seed quality may not be fully understood by producers, where immature seed may have reduced emergence and vigor. Research was conducted to quantify the maturity of seed peanuts received by the Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc. (FFSP) at various stages of the shelling process: samples received from the field; after the in-shell samples were cleaned; after in-shell pre-sizing into two size classes; and after separation of in-shell samples at the gravity deck. Samples collected at each stage were pressure-washed to remove the exocarp and then separated into yellow and brown/black color classes based on the maturity board. Pods within each color class were counted, dried, weighed, and graded. Maturity at each sheller stage was assessed for three peanut cultivars. For the field stage, across all cultivars, 56% of pods were in the mature, or brown/black color class. This was well below the level of 70-80% in the brown/black class purported to be the maturity level that optimizes yield and grade. Cleaning had a minor impact on maturity percentages (average percent mature was 64% across all cultivars after passing through the mechanical cleaning process); however, in the pre-shelling sizing process where pods are sorted into “lead” and “small” baskets representing large and small pods, respectively, the maturity percentage was improved to 75% in the large pods and declined to 45% in the small pods. These results indicate that: 1) maturity levels of cultivars harvested in the field may not be optimal; and 2) that improvements could be made in maturity percentages by modifying the shelling process to separate the larger pods which are more likely to be mature than the smaller pods. These results also suggest that seed peanut lots are unlikely to be composed entirely of mature pods, that large numbers of immature pods could make it through the shelling process and that immature seed are planted by farmers. This could explain some cases of suboptimal plant stands in peanut.

The moderator role of size in alliance-performance relationships

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Agárdi ◽  
A. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Alliance Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Moderator Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Prior research suggests that alliances created between retailers provide numerous benefits for their members which result in higher retail performance. The paper investigates whether the size of a firm is a moderating variable and/or an alternative explanation in studying the effect of alliance membership on the retailer’s performance. An empirical study, based on a small-scale survey, was carried out among 99 small-and medium-sized retailers in Hungary. Not only the strength but also the form of the relationship between alliance membership, performance and firm size have been investigated. Findings of the research support that firm size changes the form of causal relationship between alliance and performance of a retailer. Size contributes substantially to the variation of retail performance and increases the impact of alliance membership on sales and profit growth of retailers.

Industrial Revolution in the United States and Its Impact on the Relationship between the North and the South

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
A.V. Taigildin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The impact of the industrial revolution in the United States on the relationship between its two economic and political regions – the North and the South – was discussed. In the first half of the 19th century, the interests of some regions diverged as the country proceeded with its economic development. This turned out to be a primary cause of contradictions between the North and the South that led to the Civil War of 1861–1865. The development of trade, industry, and transport system during the period under consideration was analyzed. Their role in the conflict was revealed. Special attention was paid to the land question, around which the disputes among industrialists of the North, farmers, and plantation owners of the South revolved. The problem of slavery as a reason for the disagreement between the two regions was emphasized. Based on the literature data, it was shown that the issue of slavery was a minor one. It was used to merely provide cover for the actual economic problems. The conclusion was made that the industrial revolution in the United States triggered political changes, which resulted in the formation of the Republican Party and in the split within the Democratic Party.

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