scholarly journals Test-retest repeatability of questionnaire for pain symptoms for school children aged 10–15 years

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582
Author(s):  
Katariina P. Pirnes ◽  
Jouni Kallio ◽  
Kirsti Siekkinen ◽  
Harto Hakonen ◽  
Arja Häkkinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electronic Questionnaire ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Pain Frequency ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
Children's Pain ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and aims There is a growing body of evidence, that pain is common at school age. Less is known about the repeatability of pain questionnaires for children. This study aimed to assess the test-retest repeatability of the Finnish version of the electronic pain questionnaire for school-aged children. Methods Primary (n = 79) and lower secondary (n = 127) schoolchildren aged 10–15 years from two schools from the Jyväskylä region of Finland, filled in an electronic questionnaire twice in an interval of 2 weeks. It captured the frequency of pain symptoms with a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire covering nine areas of the body for the last 3 months. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values 0.40–0.59 reflected fair and 0.60–0.74 good repeatability. Results The highest prevalences of pain were in the head (29%) and neck and shoulder (NS) (23%) areas. ICC values showed good repeatability for questions about pain frequency in the head, NS and lower extremities. In primary school, these values were good in the lower extremities and fair in NS, lower back and the head. In lower secondary school, the ICC values were good in NS and the head, fair in the stomach and lower extremities. Conclusions This electronic questionnaire was an acceptably repeatable indicator to measure the frequency of pain in the most prevalent pain areas: the head and NS. Implications It is important to be aware of the impact of health-related outcomes on children’s ability to be successful in their lives. With the help of a simple electronic questionnaire, it is possible to cost-effectively capture, for example, the prevalence and frequency of pain during the school hours. The identification of children’s pain symptoms accurately provides more possibilities to prevent and to minimize the chronic pain among schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Children’s Weight Gain and Cardiovascular Fitness Loss over the Summer

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Brusseau ◽  
Ryan Burns
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
The Body ◽  
School Year ◽  
School Based ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Physical Activity Programming ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Related Fitness

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of summer breaks on the body composition and cardiovascular fitness of elementary school children who participated in a multi-year school-based physical activity intervention. Participants were 404 children who had their height and weight measured and completed the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) during physical education classes at the beginning and end of the school year for three consecutive years. To examine the effects of time on health-related fitness data, general linear mixed effects models were employed. The results indicate that there was a trend toward an increase in body mass index (BMI) after the summer of 2015 (p = 0.958), and a significant increase in BMI after the summer of 2016 compared to time point 1 (p < 0.001). For PACER laps, there were trends toward decreases in PACER laps after the summers of 2015 (p = 0.515) and 2016 (p = 0.073). Summer breaks tended to attenuate the BMI and PACER lap improvements that were observed during the intervention. While school-based physical activity programming has had some successes in improving health-related fitness markers, the loss of these improvements over the summer is of concern to both practitioners and researchers. It is clear that additional efforts are needed to limit obesogenic behaviors during the summer months.

scholarly journals Conception and evaluation of a washable multimodal smart textile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils A. Lahmann ◽  
Ursula Müller-Werdan ◽  
Simone Kuntz ◽  
Jürgen Klingehöfer-Noe ◽  
Fabian Jaenicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Position ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Smart Textile ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Vital Parameters

AbstractSmart textiles can support people with specific needs and diseases, such as diabetes or heart disease. Currently there are efforts to combine continuous mobile monitoring with other health-related conditions. On this basis, algorithms could be developed that can be used to detect unusual or critical conditions. A study was to investigate whether a previously developed washable Multi-Modal Smart Textile (MMST), based on inexpensive materials, would provide valid and reliable results with regard to the vital parameters of pulse, temperature and mobility. The measurement of the vital parameters was carried out with the developed prototype MMST as well as with validated devices. All electronics including the rechargeable NiMH has been washed more than 30 times with different methods and it remained fully functional. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for pulse (temperature) measurement ranged between 0.036 and 0.232 (0.077 and 0.817) depending on the activity of the tested individuals (standing, sitting, lying down, moving). Cohen’s Kappa for the detection of the body position was 0.765. For the parameter of pulse, the results indicated an insufficient derivation for both validity and reliability. Due to flaws in the methodology applied, the validly and reliably for the parameter of temperature could not be determined. Valid and reliable results were obtained for the parameter mobility/change of position. If the MMST (after modification of the prototype) achieves reliable results, there are many advantages for people giving and receiving care on a budget price, even in threatening emergency situations.

scholarly journals The Burden of Pharmacological Treatment on Health-Related Quality of Life in People with a Urea Cycle Disorder – A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Yeowell ◽  
Danielle Burns ◽  
Francis Fatoye
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Urea Cycle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Urea cycle disorders (UCD) are a group of conditions of inborn errors of metabolism, typically presenting neonatally. Excess ammonia builds rapidly within the body, risking hyperammonemic episodes and potentially death. Long-term management of the condition includes restrictive protein consumption, pharmacological interventions and, in extreme cases, liver transplantation. Pharmacological treatments such as sodium benzoate and sodium phenylbuturate have proven effective but not without a multitude of negative attributes including poor taste, elevated volume and associated gastrointestinal discomfort that impacts on health-related quality of life. Glycerol phenylbutyrate (GPB) has recently become a widely available pharmacological treatment with early reports of improved qualities. The following study aims to explore the burden of pharmacological treatment on health-related quality of life in people with a UCD. Results 9 carers of people living with a UCD were interviewed regarding their experiences of pharmacological treatment in relation to their, and their dependent’s health-related quality of life after transitioning to GPB. Three main themes were identified following data analysis: psychological health, physical health and social participation. Carers struggled with anxiety surrounding their dependent’s condition and the relentless battle of administering medication. Medication administration was perceived to have improved since the transition to GPB, alleviating distress for both carer and dependent. Issues involving schooling were commonly described, ranging from difficulties integrating their dependent into mainstream schooling and the impact of treatment on participation in school and extracurricular activities. Based upon participant’s experiences, it could be suggested that some burden had been relieved by the transition to GPB. However, it appeared that the burden would persist despite treatment, owing to the continuing nature of the condition. Conclusions Adhering to a strict pharmacological regime caused immense stress for both carers and dependents, severely impacting on typical social activities such as eating at a restaurant or going on holiday. GPB was perceived to have alleviated some burden in terms of administration. Practitioners should consider these findings when making clinical decisions for UCD patients and the effect of pharmacological treatment on health-related quality of life. Emotional support resources should be made readily available to families to assist with daily living.

Behavioural Treatment of Childhood Recurrent Abdominal Pain: Relationships Between Pain, Children's Psychological Characteristics and Family Functioning

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Sanders ◽  
Margaret Morrison ◽  
Margaret Rebgetz ◽  
William Bor ◽  
Mark Dadds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Observational Measures ◽  
Pain Symptoms ◽  
Children's Pain ◽  
The Impact

This study examined the impact and side effects of a cognitive behavioural program for the treatment of recurrent abdominal pain (R.A.P.) on children's behavioural adjustment and family functioning. It assessed the extent to which changes in children's pain symptoms covaried with family processes thought to be etiologically significant in cases of R.A.P. Results showed that pain symptoms of both experimental and control children improved significantly six months after initial assessment. Treatment achieved its objectives more quickly with a higher proportion of completely pain-free children. None of the measures of child adjustment or family conflict, expressiveness, independence or achievement orientation were associated with changes in pain intensity ratings or parent observational measures of pain behaviour. There was no evidence that treatment was associated with any negative side effects.

scholarly journals The Renal Resistive Index in Allografts: Is Sonographic Assessment Sufficiently Reproducible in a Routine Clinical Setting? – Reproducibility of the Renal Resistive Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (06) ◽  
pp. 561-566
Author(s):  
Dorothea Cornelia Theilig ◽  
Hanna Münzfeld ◽  
Timo Alexander Auer ◽  
Felix Feldhaus ◽  
Anne Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
The Body ◽  
Renal Resistive Index ◽  
Ultrasound Machine ◽  
Routine Clinical Setting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reproducibility Limit

Purpose To assess the reproducibility of the renal resistive index (RRI) in a routine clinical setting. Materials and Methods 22 patients with a kidney allograft and 19 physicians participated in our prospective study. Within 2 hours each patient was examined by 5 different physicians using 2 out of 3 different, randomly allocated ultrasound machines. Each investigator determined the hilar and parenchymal RRI of the allograft. The reproducibility and reproducibility limit of the RRI were assessed as well as Cronbach’s alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The deviation of the RRI from the mean RRI over the 5 measurements was used as an indicator of reproducibility. The impact of the ultrasound machine, examiner’s level of experience, and kidney function impairment (GFR < 45 ml/min) was assessed with the Kruskal-Wallis test. The bivariate linear correlation of the minimal transplant distance from the body surface with the variance of the parenchymal RRI was analyzed. Results A reproducibility of 0.045 with a reproducibility limit of 0.124 was found for the parenchymal RRI. The ICC between RRIs was good with 0.852 for the parenchymal RRI and 0.868 for the hilar RRI. The type of ultrasound machine used was found to have a significant impact on the deviation of the parenchymal RRI (Kruskal-Wallis-Test, p = 0.003). Variance in serial parenchymal RRI measurements correlated significantly with the depth of the kidney transplant (p = 0.001). Conclusion While the RRI is generally sufficiently reproducible, the type of ultrasound machine used and the depth of the kidney transplant within the recipient’s body have a significant impact on reproducibility. Key Points:  Citation Format

Validity and Reliability of a Questionnaire for Measuring Child Oral-health-related Quality of Life

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jokovic ◽  
D. Locker ◽  
M. Stephens ◽  
D. Kenny ◽  
B. Tompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

Oral-health-related quality of life measures that exist are designed for adults. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the CPQ11-14, a self-report measure of the impact of oral and oro-facial conditions on 11- to 14-year-old children. An item pool was generated with the use of a literature review and interviews with health professionals, parents, and child patients. The 36 items rated the most frequent and bothersome by 83 children were selected for the CPQ11-14. Validity testing involved a new sample of 123 children. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a subgroup of these children (n = 65). Mean CPQ11-14 scores were highest for oro-facial (31.4), lower for orthodontic (24.3), and lowest for pedodontic (23.3) patients. There were significant associations between the CPQ11-14 score and global ratings of oral health (p < 0.05) and overall well-being (p < 0.01). The Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient for the CPQ11-14 were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. These results suggest that the CPQ11-14 is valid and reliable.

scholarly journals Life before and after COVID-19: The ‘New Normal’ Benefits the Regularity of Daily Sleep and Eating Routines among College Students

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Catalina Ramírez-Contreras ◽  
María Fernanda Zerón-Rugerio ◽  
Maria Izquierdo-Pulido
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Jet Lag ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Sleep Debt ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Impact

After the COVID-19 lockdown, a ‘new normal’ was established, involving a hybrid lifestyle that combined face-to-face with virtual activity. We investigated, in a case-control study, the impact of the ‘new normal’ on daily sleep and eating routines, compared with pre-pandemic conditions. To do this, we propose using social and eating jet lag as markers of the regularity in daily routines. Additionally, we studied whether the ‘new normal’ had an impact on the body mass index (BMI), diet quality, and other health-related variables. This study included 71 subjects in the pre-pandemic group, and 68 in the ‘new normal’ group (20–30 years). For all participants, we evaluated social and eating jet lag, BMI, diet and sleep quality, eating behaviors, physical activity, and well-being. General linear models were used to compare outcome variables between pre-pandemic and ‘new normal’ groups. The results revealed that the ‘new normal’ was associated with greater regularity in daily sleep and eating routines (−0.7 h of social jet lag (95% CI: −1.0, −0.4), and −0.3 h of eating jet lag (95% CI: −0.5, −0.1)), longer sleep duration on weekdays (1.8 h (95% CI: 1.5, 2.2)), and lower sleep debt (−1.3 h (95% CI: −1.7, −0.9)). Regarding BMI and other health-related variables, we observed that these variables were similar between ‘new normal’ and pre-pandemic groups. These findings indicate that the ‘new normal’ had a positive impact on daily sleep and eating routines. Additionally, our results indicated that the ‘new normal’ offered college students a more sustainable lifestyle, which was associated with more hours of sleep during the week and lower sleep debt. This, in the long run, could have a positive impact on BMI and overall health.

Impact of COVID-19 on School-Aged Male and Female Health-Related Fitness Markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Zachary Wahl-Alexander ◽  
Clayton L. Camic
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Run Test ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the Coronavirus disease 2019 on male and female anthropometric variables and physical performance. Methods: This study utilized a mixed (time [PRE vs POST], gender [male vs female]) methods design to examine changes in the body mass index and physical fitness performance measures prior to and following closures. Data were collected from 264 third through eighth graders. This sample consisted of 131 males and 133 females. The data was collected through anthropometric (body mass index) and physical performance measures and was analyzed with separate 2 × 2 mixed-factorial analyses of variance (time [PRE, POST] × gender [male, female]). Results: The findings indicated both males and females exhibited mean increases in the body mass index (+10.6%; 18.8–20.8 kg·m−2, P < .001, partial η2 = .627) and decreases in push-ups (−35.6%; 7.3–4.7 repetitions, P < .001, partial η2 = .371), sit-ups (−19.4%; 22.7–18.3 repetitions, P < .001, partial η2 = .420), and the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run test (−26.7%; 31.4–22.4 laps, P < .001, partial η2 = .644) scores from PRE to POST. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that both males and females exhibited significant anthropometric and physical performance losses during the Coronavirus disease 2019 shutdown.

The Impact of Shariah Governance and Corporate Governance on the Risk Management Practices: Evidence from Local and Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Sabri Embi ◽  
Zurina Shafii
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Shariah Governance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of Shariah governance and corporate governance (CG) on the risk management practices (RMPs) of local Islamic banks and foreign Islamic banks operating in Malaysia. The Shariah governance comprises the Shariah review (SR) and Shariah audit (SA) variables. The study also evaluates the level of RMPs, CG, SR, and SA between these two type of banks. With the aid of SPSS version 20, the items for RMPs, CG, SR, and SA were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA). From the PCA, one component or factor was extracted each for the CG, SR, and RMPs while another two factors were extracted for the SA. Primary data was collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. The questionnaire covers four aspects ; CG, SR, SA, and RMPs. The data received from the 300 usable questionnaires were subjected to correlation and regression analyses as well as an independent t-test. The result of correlation analysis shows that all the four variables have large positive correlations with each other indicating a strong and significant relationship between them. From the regression analysis undertaken, CG, SR, and SA together explained 52.3 percent of the RMPs and CG emerged as the most influential variable that impacts the RMPs. The independent t-test carried out shows that there were significant differences in the CG and SA between the local and foreign Islamic banks. However, there were no significant differences between the two types of the bank in relation to SR and RMPs. The study has contributed to the body of knowledge and is beneficial to academicians, industry players, regulators, and other stakeholders.

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