Physiological Responses to Heavy Metals in Higher Plants; Defence against Oxidative Stress

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 730-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman Clijsters ◽  
Ann Cuypers ◽  
Jaco Vangronsveld
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Physiological Process ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Transcription Activity

Depending on the physiological process investigated heavy metal phytotoxicity can be either inhibitory or stimulatory. Photosynthesis and its partial light and dark reactions are inhibited; the activity of various enzymes, located in several cell compartiments, is increased. These enzymes are mostly induced since metals affect the transcription activity. They appear to be related to the plant defence against oxidative stress caused by metal phytotoxicity. Careful examination of the time course of this induction reveals differences in response between the metals applied

scholarly journals Physiological Response of Thallasia hemprichii on Antrophogenic Pressure In Pari Island, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Hikmat Nugraha ◽  
Dietriech G. Bengen ◽  
Mujizat Kawaroe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Nursery Ground ◽  
Thalassia Hemprichii ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Rhizome Growth ◽  
Seagrass Ecosystem

Seagrass ecosystem is one of tropical marine ecosystem and have important function. The function of ecosystem like a feeding and nursery ground for marine biota. Antrophogenic pressure is one of threat for seagrass ecosystem sustainability. This research study about effect antropogenic pressure for seagrass Thallasia hemprichii physiology response in some different location at Great Barrier Pari Island. The physiology response study cover growth, heavy metal bioaccumulation and histology analysis. The result shows that growth of leaf and rhizome Thalassia hemprichii have positif correlation with nutrient consentration in environment. The highest growth of leaf Thalassia hemprichii at 2nd station (4.16 mm.day-1) and the highest growth of rhizome Thalassia hemprichii at 4th station (1.3 mm.day-1). Seagrass can accumulation heavy metal from environment. The highest heavy metal accumulation is Pb. Not correlation between heavy metal consentration in seagrass with heavy metal concentration from environment. Analysis histology result that not damage seagrass tissue in all research station. Keyword : Bioacumulation,Growth,Physiology,Seagrass, Thalassia hemprichiiSeagrass ecosystems is one of the tropical marine ecosystems that have important functions, among others as a feeding and nursery ground for marine life. Anthropogenic stress is one of the threats that may inhibit the survival of seagrass ecosystems. This study examines the effects of anthropogenic pressures on physiological responses of seagrass Thalassia hemprichii at several different locations in Pari Islands. Physiological responses studied were leaves and rhizome growth, bioaccumulation of heavy metals and histological tissue analysis on seagrass. The results showed that the growth response of seagrass has a positive correlation with the nutrients in the environment. Seagrass leaf growth is highest at Station 2 (4.16 mm.day-1) and rhizome growth is highest at Station 4 (1.3 mm.day-1). Seagrass accumulate heavy metals from the environment and accumulation of heavy metals is highest on Pb. There is no correlation between the concentration of heavy metals in the seagrass and environment. The results of histological analysis showed that there was no damage to the tissue of seagrass leaf and rhizome. Keywords : Bio-acumulation, Growth, Physiology, Seagrass, Thalassia hemprichii

scholarly journals Impact of Multi-metal Mixture Administration Through Drinking Water on the Gut Bacterial Microflora and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Male and Female Mice

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Priyanka Bist ◽  
◽  
Sangeeta Choudhary ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Metal Mixture ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Multiple Heavy Metals

Background: Heavy metal containing wastes reaches to the food chain either directly or indirectly. These ingested toxic elements manifest direct impact on the gut ecosystem and its overall functioning. The present study explores the alteration in mice gut bacteria on exposure to mixture of toxic heavy metals through drinking water. Methods: Twelve experimental groups of Swiss albino male and female mice were exposed to the metal mixture of varying concentrations. Profiling of gut bacterial flora was done by periodical collection of fecal samples via culture-based technique. Redox status of all experimental animals was analyzed in blood samples collected on the day 30. Results: In comparison to the controls, nearly a 10-fold decline in colony forming units/ml was observed at higher modal concentrations (50× & 100×) at the end of 15 days, but 100-fold reduced bacterial count was recorded following 30 days of dosing. Sex specific significant alteration in the bacteria count and diversity was also observed. Overall experimental results showed a heavy metal dose-dependent decline in bacterial count and loss in diversity. Disturbance in the oxidative stress markers was recorded in response to high dose of metal mixture. In group receiving 100× dose, malondialdehyde levels were increased in the erythrocytes (P<0.05), and all of the other antioxidant parameters were decreased (P<0.05), except for reduced glutathione in both male and female mice. Conclusion: The present work is the first report on the multiple heavy metals induced gut microbiota alterations and its correlation to oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Reversal of heavy metal-induced antibiotic resistance by dandelion root extracts and taraxasterol

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1049-1061
Author(s):  
Kerry Yang ◽  
Yanjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Link Type

Introduction. Metal exposure is an important factor for inducing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Dandelion extracts have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese and Native American medicine. Aim. We assessed the effects of dandelion water extracts and taraxasterol on heavy metal-induced antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methodology. Dandelion extracts were obtained through 4 h of boiling in distilled water. Bacterial growth was monitored with a spectrophotometer. Biochemical assays were performed to assess the activities and gene transcriptions of β-lactamase and acetyltransferase. Oxidative stress was determined using an oxidation-sensitive probe, H2DCFDA. Results. The present study demonstrated that higher concentrations of nickel (>5 µg ml−1), cadmium (>0.1 µg ml−1), arsenic (>0.1 µg ml−1) and copper (>5 µg ml−1) significantly inhibited the growth of E. coli . Lower concentrations of nickel (0.5 µg ml−1), cadmium (0.05 µg ml−1) and arsenic (0.05 µg ml−1) had no effect on bacterial growth, but helped the bacteria become resistant to two antibiotics, kanamycin and ampicillin. The addition of dandelion root extracts and taraxasterol significantly reversed the antibiotic resistance induced by these heavy metals. The supplements of antibiotics and cadmium generated synergistic effects on the activities of β-lactamase and acetyltransferase (two antibiotic resistance-related proteins), which were significantly blocked by either dandelion root extract or taraxasterol. In contrast, oxidative stress was not involved in the preventative roles of dandelion root extracts and taraxasterol in heavy metal-induced antibiotic resistance. Conclusion. This study suggests that heavy metals induce bacterial antibiotic resistance and dandelion root extracts and taraxasterol could be used to help reverse bacterial resistance to antibiotics.

scholarly journals Evaluating Heavy Metal Contamination Effects on the Caspian Pond Turtle Health (Mauremys caspica caspica) Through Analyzing Oxidative Stress Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Somayeh Namroodi ◽  
Annalisa Zaccaroni ◽  
Hassan Rezaei ◽  
Seyedeh Malihe Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Mauremys Caspica

Background and aims: Antioxidant defense plays a vital part in organism protection against oxidative stress which is produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress represents a serious threat to the animals facing with heavy metals. This study was designed to analyze the habitat suitability for Caspian pond turtles, namely, Mauremys caspica in Mazandaran province by measuring lead (Hg) and mercury (Pb) tissues concentrations and heavy metals’ effects on the health status of Caspian pond turtles through quantifying the oxidative stress factors. Methods: Hg and Pb were measured in kidney and liver tissues of 20 sampled Caspian pond male turtles (treatment group) using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and a Caspian pond male turtle was included in the control group. Moreover, glutathione (GSH) level, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were investigated in kidney and liver tissues. Results: The mean (SD) concentration of Pb and Hg were 35.83 (4.20), and 0.604 (0.03) mg/kg for the sampled livers and also 31.01 (3.42) mg/kg and 0.316 (0.04) mg/kg for the sampled kidneys, respectively. Levels of trace elements, CAT, and SOD activities were found to be higher in the liver. Totally, GSH levels, as well as, CAT, and SOD activities were found to be higher and lower, respectively, in the control turtle as compared with the contaminated Caspian pond turtles. Trace-element levels had a positive correlation with CAT and SOD activities while having a negative association with GSH levels in contaminated Caspian pond sampled turtles. Conclusion: According to the results, it was inferred that high Hg and Pb concentrations in the turtles were due to the heavy metal contamination of their habitat in Mazandaran province. Based on the positive correlation between the heavy metal concentration of the tissue and dysfunction of oxidative stress defense markers, it can be concluded when the Caspian pond turtles are faced with heavy metal contamination risk, these markers can act as a bioindicator of their health status. No doubt, more studies are required to prove this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Antioxidants level assessment in the diet of workers contacting with heavy metals at industrial enterprise

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-167
Author(s):  
T. V. Mazhaeva ◽  
Svetlana E. Dubenko ◽  
I. A. Chirkova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Brown Bread ◽  
High Level ◽  
Low Activity

The main occupational pathologies in the Sverdlovsk region are diseases induced by the exposure to industrial aerosols containing heavy metals. One of the reasons of the toxic effect of the heavy metals is oxidative stress induced by the latter, namely, the process of damaging the body cells as a result of the oxidation reactions. The quantitative assessment of the antioxidant consumption in foods composing the diet of heavy metal industry workers was performed. The diet was revealed to be not various in terms of the foods containing antioxidants and the main quantity of the latter was administered into the body from the brown bread, tea, apples, chocolates and sweets having low activity according to the ORAC index but consumed in the great amounts. In the meantime, foods with the high level of the antioxidant content and bio-correction properties (fruits, vegetables, spices) were lacking in the diet and this fact could probably influence on the decline of the body’s reserve of detoxification.

scholarly journals LEAD UPTAKE, TOXICITY AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN PLANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaliya Ashraf ◽  
Savita Bhardwaj ◽  
Hammad Ishtiaq ◽  
Yendrembam K. Devi ◽  
Dhriti Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Metal Stress ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Lead Uptake

The issues of heavy metal adulteration are becoming common in world. Heavy metal toxicity cases are prevailing in mining industries, smelters, power plants based on coal burning, agriculture, etc. There are several heavy metals, such as Cd, Cu, Pb, Cr, Hg, Ar, etc. These heavy metals are major pollutants of environment, particularly in areas with increasing anthropogenic activities. The cumulation of heavy metal in soils is of great concern in agriculture because of the deleterious effects on food safety, crop growth and soil organisms’ health. Heavy metals affect several physiological and biochemical processes in plants. They diminish crop yield by bringing toxic effects to several physiological processes in plants such as, seed chlorophyll reduced by the production of reactive oxygen species, affecting the redox balance and instigating oxidative stress. Lead (Pb) is one of the looming heavy metal which is neither essential nor plays any part in the course of cell metabolism. Pb has toxic effects on plant which may include inhibition of photosynthesis, disruption of mineral nutrition and water balance, and disturbs membrane structure and permeability. Its phytotoxicity can also affect human health and can prove detrimental through food chain. However, in order to combat the effects generated by heavy metal stress particularly by Pb, several amelioratives can be used. Pb phytotoxicity can be ameliorated by the application of certain phytohormones which can be a part of signal transduction pathway, or they may trigger reactions and causative agents to respond to stress. Various signaling molecules such as NO, H2 S, CO, etc. enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes, level of secondary metabolites and osmolytes, hence scavenge the oxidative stress due to generation of free radicals in response to heavy metal stress

scholarly journals Heavy metal–induced stress in eukaryotic algae—mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity and tolerance with particular emphasis on oxidative stress in exposed cells and the role of antioxidant response

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrycze Nowicka
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Toxicity ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Heavy Metal Toxicity ◽  
Eukaryotic Algae ◽  
Induced Stress

Abstract Heavy metals is a collective term describing metals and metalloids with a density higher than 5 g/cm3. Some of them are essential micronutrients; others do not play a positive role in living organisms. Increased anthropogenic emissions of heavy metal ions pose a serious threat to water and land ecosystems. The mechanism of heavy metal toxicity predominantly depends on (1) their high affinity to thiol groups, (2) spatial similarity to biochemical functional groups, (3) competition with essential metal cations, (4) and induction of oxidative stress. The antioxidant response is therefore crucial for providing tolerance to heavy metal-induced stress. This review aims to summarize the knowledge of heavy metal toxicity, oxidative stress and antioxidant response in eukaryotic algae. Types of ROS, their formation sites in photosynthetic cells, and the damage they cause to the cellular components are described at the beginning. Furthermore, heavy metals are characterized in more detail, including their chemical properties, roles they play in living cells, sources of contamination, biochemical mechanisms of toxicity, and stress symptoms. The following subchapters contain the description of low-molecular-weight antioxidants and ROS-detoxifying enzymes, their properties, cellular localization, and the occurrence in algae belonging to different clades, as well as the summary of the results of the experiments concerning antioxidant response in heavy metal-treated eukaryotic algae. Other mechanisms providing tolerance to metal ions are briefly outlined at the end.

Influence of wheat grain priming on the development of sprouts in an environment containing copper ions and the amount of proline

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
K.K. Aytlesov ◽  
K.M. Aubakirova ◽  
K.M. Zhetybay ◽  
Z.A. Alikulov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sprouted Seeds

In addition to antioxidants, compounds called osmoprotectants also play a special role in relieving the negative effects of oxidative stress that occurs in plants. These include glycinbetaine, proline, and mannitol. Among them, the biological role of proline is most common among plants. The results of this study are related to the development of pre- sowing processing (priming) of grains of various varieties of spring wheat to increase its resistance to heavy metals, yield and seed quality. The study is aimed not only at increasing seed germination, growth and development of their seedlings under heavy metal exposure, but also at determining the amount of proline in sprouted seeds after priming. It was carried out under the above-mentioned conditions of different concentrations of priming and copper salt solution and studied how Proline levels change in wheat sprouts. The obtained results show for the fi rst time that the relationship between antioxidants and osmoprotectants changes during oxidative stress caused by heavy metal. Key words: proline, pre-sowing priming, heavy metals, osmoprotectants.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Assessment in Feathers of Eurasian Magpies (Pica pica): A Possible Strategy for Monitoring Environmental Contamination?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2973
Author(s):  
Tiziano Iemmi ◽  
Alessandro Menozzi ◽  
Marcos Pérez-López ◽  
Giuseppina Basini ◽  
Francesca Grasselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pica Pica ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Heavy Metal Assessment ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

In the present study, the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica), was evaluated as a possible bioindicator of environmental pollution by heavy metals (HMs). Levels of Ni, Pb, Cd, and Hg in feathers of 64 magpies (31 males and 33 females) were measured by ICP-MS technique. Plasmatic biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS) were also assessed. The birds were captured in the province of Parma (Italy), in different capture sites within 1 km from urban area (UZ), and farther than 5 km from urban area (RZ). Median HM levels were 0.68 mg/kg (0.18–2.27), 2.80 mg/kg (0.41–17.7), <limit of detection (LOD) mg/kg (<LOD–0.25), 3.90 mg/kg (1.35–85.9) for Ni, Pb, Cd and Hg, respectively. No significant differences in HM levels were found according to sex, while Ni and Pb were significantly higher in adult compared to young birds (p = 0.047, p = 0.004). Conversely, Cd and Hg levels in young magpies resulted higher than those of adults (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004). No correlation was found between OS biomarkers and HM levels. No differences were found in HM levels according to capture area, except for Hg level, which resulted higher in magpies of RZ (4.05 mg/kg (1.35–12.7)) compared to UZ (2.99 mg/kg (1.54–85.9)). Further experiments are needed to establish whether magpie feathers could represent a suitable non-invasive tool for biomonitoring HMs in the environment.

INFLUENCE OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE SEREPOK RIVER (VIETNAM) ON ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN ORGANS OF FISH

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Ngo The Cuong ◽  
Tran Hoan Quoc ◽  
Svetlana Vasilievna Zolotokopova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
River Water ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Industrial Regions ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Sarotherodon Galilaeus ◽  
Water Bottom

The article focuses on the study of change of containing heavy metals (zinc, copper, iron, cadmium, lead, arsenic) in the abiotic and biotic components of the Serepok river (Vietman) influenced by wastewater discharge from industrial areas. Heavy metal content was determined in the river water and bottom sediments in the four zones: above and within the boundaries of industrial regions Xoa Phu and Tam Thang and in two water reservoirs situated below the boundaries of those industrial areas. Tilapia Galilean ( Sarotherodon galilaeus ), Hemibagrus ( Hemibagrus ), and sazan ( Cyprinus carpio ) caught in these areas were the hydrobionts under study in which liver, gills, skeleton and muscles accumulation of heavy metals was detected. In the organs of fish caught in the river within industrial region, heavy metals concentration was 3-7 times higher. The greatest concentration of heavy metals was found in the liver and gills of fish caught in the boundaries of industrial regions, the least concentration was in the muscles. In most cases, significant correlation between heavy metal concentration in organs of fishes and in river water, bottom sediments has been revealed.

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